Guide Questions: 1. What are the four nucleotides bases present in TRNA? Do these bases differ from those found in MRNA? 2. What base in MRNA car only join with the adenine base of RNA? Uracil base of tRNA? 3. What is a codon? What does it represent?
Gene Interactions
When the expression of a single trait is influenced by two or more different non-allelic genes, it is termed as genetic interaction. According to Mendel's law of inheritance, each gene functions in its own way and does not depend on the function of another gene, i.e., a single gene controls each of seven characteristics considered, but the complex contribution of many different genes determine many traits of an organism.
Gene Expression
Gene expression is a process by which the instructions present in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) are converted into useful molecules such as proteins, and functional messenger ribonucleic (mRNA) molecules in the case of non-protein-coding genes.
![Materials: crayons. Scissors, paste/tape, used folder or illustration board
Procedure:
Use the pattern of the DNA templates (attached to this LP ). Color code, phosphate = blue, deoxyribose
sugar green, nitrogenous base as follows: adenine= yellow, thymine = pink, guanine = violet, cytosine
= red and uracil=orange.Cut out the shapes of each nucleotides.
Using the given order of the nucleotides: Guanine, Adenine, Cytosine, Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine.
Fasten your mclecule together using a clear tape. Do not tape across base pairs
Step 1, use the pattern of components of the RNA provide (attached to this LP), colored and cut already.
With your DNA model in front of you, pulf apart the DNA model.
Using the right strand of the DNA model in step 3., begin a matching complementary RNA nucleotide
with the exposed bases or: the DNA model to make mRNA.
!3!
Tape the RNA nucleotides.
Fasten your molecule together using a clear tape. Imagine that MRNA leaves the cell nucleus and moves
out to the cell's ribosomes. Meanwhile, transfer RNA (TRNA) is present in the cell cytoplasm. RNA has
three base sequence (a triplet) that can match with the bases of mRNA.
Cut out the two models of TRNA only along a solid line.
Join the TRNA molecules to the mRNA modei.
When finished, tape yrur model of the translation process on the illustration board or folder.
Guide Questions:
1.
What are the four nucleotides bases present in TRNA? Do these bases differ from those found in MRNA?
2. What base in MRNA can only Join with the adenine base of RNA? Uracil base of tRNA?
3. What is a codon? What does it represent?
4. What is the role of tRNA in protein synthesis?
5. How does a tRNA molecules carrying its amino acid recognizes which codon to attach?
6. You have learned that there are stop çodon that signals the end of an amino acid chain. Why is it
important that a stop codon be part of protein synthesis?
7. A construction worker brings hollow block to build a wall. What part of translation resembles the
construction worker's job? What do the hollow blocks represent?
peptide bond
amino acid
polypeptide](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Fe02da207-7ac4-417e-b4a8-811fafaae02b%2F0c611b32-82da-4a50-b855-62a981aba8b5%2F0weqyjuo_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
![Day 3: Translation
The DNA directs the production of proteins and determines the formation of MRNA. The order of bases
of MRNA determines the protein synthesized.
Learning Task 4 Make a model of the translation prccess and simulate the steps in translation](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Fe02da207-7ac4-417e-b4a8-811fafaae02b%2F0c611b32-82da-4a50-b855-62a981aba8b5%2F67chen_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
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