for Good Hea A study examines chocolate's effects on blood vessel function in healthy people. In the randomized, double-blind, placebo- controlled study, 11 people received 46 grams (1.6 ounces) of dark chocolate (which is naturally flavonoid-rich) every day for twc weeks, while a control group of 10 people received a placebo consisting of dark chocolate with low flavonoid content. Participant had their vascular health measured (by means of flow-mediated dilation) before and after the two-week study. The increase over the two-week period was measured, with larger numbers indicating greater vascular health. For the group getting the good dark chocolate, the mean increase was 1.3 with a standard deviation of 2.32, while the control group had a mean change of-0.96 with standard deviation of 1.58. Engler, M., et. al., "Flavonoid-rich dark chocolate improves endothelial function and increases plasma epicatechin concentrations healthy adults," Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 2004 Jun; 23(3): 197-204. (a) Find a 90% confidence interval for the difference in means between the two groups uc – µN, where uc represents the mean increase in flow-mediated dilation for people eating dark chocolate every day and uy represents the mean increase in flow-mediated dilation for people eating a dark chocolate substitute each day. You may assume that neither sample shows significant departures from normality. Round your answers to two decimal places. to The 90% confidence interval is

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Estimation

A new framework of data analysis where the new statistical methods are used for interpreting the results and analyzing the data is known as estimation in statistics.