Explain why SmCl2, EuCl2 and YbCl2 are crystalline salts with no colors whereas LaCl2, CeCl2 and PrCl2 have a metallic appearance and great electricity conduction.
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Explain why SmCl2, EuCl2 and YbCl2 are crystalline salts with no colors whereas LaCl2, CeCl2 and PrCl2 have a metallic appearance and great electricity conduction.
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- (a) (i) (ii) (iii) With the aid of a simple schematic, explain what covalent bonding is and how it is formed. What are the differences between a covalent bond and an ionic bond? Which type of bond is found in crystalline silicon? At room temperature do you expect an ionic crystal to be a good electrical conductor or a good electrical insulator? Explain why.Draw a Lewis electron-dot diagram for the disilicate ion (Si2O9 ). What changes in this structure would be neces- sary to produce the structure of the pyrophosphate ion (P2O¯) and the pyrosulfate ion (S2O?¯)? What is the analogous compound of chlorine?PbF4 has a melting point of 600 °C, whereas PbCl4 melts at 215 °C. Please provide a justificationfor this observation.
- Account for the fact that LiF and CsI have low solubility in water whereas LiI and CsFare very soluble.Briefly explain (in one or two sentences) the following observations: a. TIH is stable but TIH3 is not. b. SiF4 reacts with water but CF4 does not. c. HCl can be formed from H₂ and Cl₂ but HI cannot be synthesized from H₂ and I2. SiH4 rapidly reacts with water to produce H₂ and SiO2, in a manner very similar to the reaction between SiCl4 and H₂O. a. Write balanced equation for the reaction between SiH4 and H₂O that produces SiO2 and H₂. b. Is this a redox or acid-base reaction? c. Draw a clear mechanism of the first step in the reaction showing clear structures of reactants, intermediates and the products.What are the coordination numbers of Mg and F ions in the crystal lattice structure of MgF2? Explain.
- Calculate the lattice energy of TICI(s), in kJ/mol, using the following thermodynamic data: Heat of sublimation 161 kJ/mol for TI lonization energy for TI 569 kJ/mol Cl-CI bond energy 223 kJ/mol Electron affinity -369 kJ/mol for CI Heat of formation for -224 kJ/mol TICI. What experimental evidence would allow you to determine whether TiCl4 is an ionic compound or a covalent compound? What would you predict based upon oxidation state?BH3 exist as a dimer, also known as diborane, while BF3 is monomeric. Explain?
- Calculate the lattice energy of AgBr(s) using the following thermodynamic data (all data is in kJ/mol). Ag(s) ΔHsublimation = 265 kJ/mol Ag(g) Ionization energy = 711 kJ/mol Br-Br(g) Bond energy = 173 kJ/mol Br(g) Electron affinity = -345 kJ/mol AgBr(s) ΔH°f = -120 kJ/mol ______________ kJ/molWhat is the underlying mechanism that causes superconductivity in certain materials? How can we mitigate the environmental impact of the chemical industry? What is the relationship between molecular structure and the optical properties of materials122 CHAPTER 5ID 15. Which of the following best describes the particle-level bonding in a crystal of KBr? iupil doiw (A) alternating positive and negative metal ions in a crystal lattice framework. (B) positive and negative ions in fixed position in a crystal lattice framework. (C) mobile valence electrons shared between positive metal ions. (D) metallic and nonmetallic atoms covalently bonded in a 3-dimenional framework. () HO (C) CC (D) CH'OE Questions 16-17 use the following information. 6801 9010 oloegsini doidW8 H H H---H H H Ethane wolod a (B) но-с-Сн, — СH, — СH, — СH, ннн нннн H-C-C- C-C-C-C-C-H || | | I|| Η Η Η Η | H. нн Heptane Pentanoic Acid 10 Name Chemical Formula Molar Mass (g/mole) Boiling Point (°C) Ethane 30.07 -88.5 Heptane 16 100.20 98.1-98.7 Pentanoic Acid 102.13 186-187 16. Heptane and pentanoic acid have very similar molar masses, but pentanoic acid has a significantly higher boiling point. Which of the following statements best helps explain this observation? (A)…