Effect of DNA Mutations on Protein Structure & Function The structure of a typical human protein coding mRNA including the untranslated regions (UTRS) Cap 5'.UTR Start Poly-A tail Coding sequence (CDS) 3' UTR Stop 5' 3' Question 1: Which of the following mutations may result in synthesis of a non- functional protein? A. Silent mutation in the coding sequence. B. Missense mutation in the coding sequence C. Deletion of four bases in the 5'-UTR Deletion of four bases in the 3'-UTR

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Q: Which of the following DNA mutations is almost certain to result in a shorter than normal protein?

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Gene Interactions

When the expression of a single trait is influenced by two or more different non-allelic genes, it is termed as genetic interaction. According to Mendel's law of inheritance, each gene functions in its own way and does not depend on the function of another gene, i.e., a single gene controls each of seven characteristics considered, but the complex contribution of many different genes determine many traits of an organism.

Gene Expression

Gene expression is a process by which the instructions present in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) are converted into useful molecules such as proteins, and functional messenger ribonucleic (mRNA) molecules in the case of non-protein-coding genes.