Describe the major evolutionary advancements that took place among the australapiths and the early Homo species (e.g. Homo habilis & Homo erectus). In other words, what did modern humans gain from the australeiths and the early Homo? (Include the evolution of bipedalism, diet/fallback foods, body structure, tools, etc.)

Describe the major evolutionary advancements that took place among the australapiths and the early Homo species (e.g. Homo habilis & Homo erectus). In other words, what did modern humans gain from the australeiths and the early Homo? (Include the evolution of bipedalism, diet/fallback foods, body structure, tools, etc.)

Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781305251052

Author:Michael Cummings

Publisher:Michael Cummings

Chapter19: Population Genetics And Human Evolution

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 23QP: The Evolutionary History and Spread of Our Species (Homo sapiens) a. Briefly describe the two major...

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Paleoanthropologists generally agree that Homo erectus belongs in our genus and represents a significant shift towards adaptations important to our own species. However, there is much variation among specimens that are grouped into H. erectus. Your instructor will let you know which of these fossil representatives to use for the exercise today.Based on your measurements and comparisons in the table above, what are major differences among Au. africanus, H. habilis, and H. erectus? Do you think H. habilis is more like Australopithecus or Homo? How do these three species reflect the major environmental pressures of the time periods in which they lived, respectively? List three features that are changing in the genus Homo due to these selective pressures. List three features found in H. erectus that are derived, compared to Au. africanus.
One compelling piece of evidence for human evolution is the fossil record, particularly the discovery of transitional fossils like Australopithecus afarensis. Lucy, discovered in 1974, provides an essential link between us humans today and our ape - like ancestors. Her head skeleton, especially the pelvis and leg bones, indicates that she walked upright, a key trait distinguishing early hominins from other primates. This evidence is compelling because it directly shows us physical adaptations in ancient species from millions of years ago that align with the evolutionary theory of bipedalism. Supporting this theory the gradual changes observed in the fossil record, from ape- like traits to more human-like features, offer concrete, sequentially proof of how humans have evolved over the years.
There is no concrete evidence of which early hominin was our direct ancestor, as fossils do not contain genetics. Overall, the Australopithecines are the "missing link" bridging our ape to human transition. Each species, and there are a few, includes a combination of traits considered more ape-like or more human-like. How does this affect society feelings/views/ideas about early human evolution and what the "missing link" should or should not be.
Describe some of the key characteristics of Homo habilis - the first species in our genus "homo". What traits set this species apart from earlier hominins? e.g. Brain size? What kind of tools did they make? when did they live? diet? etc. Include a personal reflection on what stood out to you about Homo habilis.
If the genus Australopithecus is considered an outgroup, what are THREE shared derived characters of the genus Homo? Include at least one behavioural character in your list. Explain what makes the characters you've selected shared derived characters. (detailed paragraph format explanation ) max 500 words
Which of the following is NOT true about the Homo floresiensis fossil remains? Group of answer choices Were likely afflicted with a severe growth defects May have evolved from ancestors that left Africa before Homo erectus They were recovered in Liang Bua Cave on the island of Flores, east of Java have been affectionately named "the Hobbits" Were contemporary with modern humans 25 kya
list TWO similarities between early members of the genus Homo (e.g. H. habilis) and Homo erectus/ergaster that earlier hominins (e.g. gracile Australopithecines) do not have?
In what order of descent did the species of Homo overtake one another? What was discovered in the caves at Atapuerca, in northern Spain and what does this say about archaic Homo sapiens (Homo heidelbergensis in this case)? What is “Excalibur” and what did it signify (Maybe)? In what ways did our ideas about Neanderthals change as the 20th century proceeds? What recent discovery in the Meuse Valley, Belgium, helped to refine our views of Neanderthals? What kind of research is going at the Max Planck Institute in Leipzig, Germany, regarding evolutionary studies? Why are children’s teeth so valuable to archaeologists? Why was hunting such a risky business for Neanderthals? Why did Neanderthals go extinct about 25,000 years ago? (Note, since this film was made our ideas about this have changed as you will see in next week's film.) What is “the bottleneck effect”?
Ardi (Ardipithecus ramidus) lived 4.4 million years ago, close to the time that our lineage diverged from chimpanzees suggesting that Ardi might be more similar to the last common ancestor than extant chimpanzees or humans. Ardi has small teeth like ours, indicative of a generalized diet. So small teeth are older than larger teeth of extant chimpanzees! Ardi also had limbs shaped more like ours than chimpanzees’. Ardi’s skull also shares other features with ours – for example, it is relatively narrow. The hypothesis we tested assumed that the hominin ancestor resembled chimpanzees, and the assumption was quite common among paleoanthropologists until recently (Lovejoy, 2009). Considering both these data about Ardi and the data that you took, revise your hypothesis. (1 point) Explain chimpanzee skull and/or skeletal development, in terms of regulatory genes (specifically, timing), in light of your new hypothesis. (0.5 points) Explain Homo sapiens skull and/or skeletal…
Choose true or false for each of the following statements: A. Neanderthal DNA shows that they share a number of modern human traits, and likely interbred with human populations leaving Africa as they moved through Southwest Asia. B. The fate of the Neanderthals is clear from fossil and artifactual evidence - they simply died out about 27 000 years ago. C. Platyrrhines differ from catarrhines in the following ways: they have three premolars instead of two, they are found in Central and South America, and they have prehensile tails, feet, and hands. D. The Harvard Medical School bacteria video demonstrated the principles of gene flow and genetic drift. E.
What is early human ancestors?
Other than larger brain / greater intelligence, which single behavioral or biological innovation / adaptation unique to the genus Homo (bipedalism, thumbs etc are NOT unique to Homo) do you think furthest propelled the genus Homo evolutionarily, and why?