between molecules. 1. Erucic acid (22:1413) is the fatty acid that is found in rapeseed oil that was determined to be undesirable and through selective breeding, has been almost eliminated in modern canola oil. What are the B-oxidation products of erucic acid? How many ATP equivalents are required for 8-oxidation? If the acetyl CoA produced in 8-oxidation were completely oxidized in the CAC, what would be produced? Assume that all excess NADH and FADH2 is oxidized via electron transport. Based on the NADH, FADH2, and ATP produced or used above, what is the typical yield of ATP from the complete oxidation of erucic acid?

between molecules. 1. Erucic acid (22:1413) is the fatty acid that is found in rapeseed oil that was determined to be undesirable and through selective breeding, has been almost eliminated in modern canola oil. What are the B-oxidation products of erucic acid? How many ATP equivalents are required for 8-oxidation? If the acetyl CoA produced in 8-oxidation were completely oxidized in the CAC, what would be produced? Assume that all excess NADH and FADH2 is oxidized via electron transport. Based on the NADH, FADH2, and ATP produced or used above, what is the typical yield of ATP from the complete oxidation of erucic acid?

Biochemistry

6th Edition

ISBN:9781305577206

Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Publisher:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Chapter19: The Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 21P: Complete oxidation of a 16-carbon fatty acid can yield 129 molecules of ATP Study Figure 19.2 and...

See similar textbooks

Similar questions

Figure 27.3 illustrates the response of R (ATP-regenerating) and U (ATP-utilizing) enzymes to energy charge. a. Would hexokinase be an R enzyme or a U enzyme? Would glutamine: PRPP amidotransferase, the second enzyme in purine biosynthesis, be an R enzyme or a U enzyme? b. If energy charge = 0.5: Is the activity of hexokinase high or low? Is ribose-5-P pyrophosphokinase activity high or low? c. If energy charge = 0.95: Is the activity of hexokinase high or low? Is ribose-5-P pyrophosphokinase activity high or low?
GTP or ATP is produced during the conversion of isocitrate into ketoglutarate succinyl CoA into succinate fumarate into malate malate into oxaloacetate
Understanding the Mechanism of Hemolytic Anemia Genetic defects in glycolytic enzymes can have serious consequences for humans For example, defects in the gene for pyruvate kinase can result in a condition known as hemolytic anemia. Consult a reference to learn about hemolytic anemia, and discuss why such genetic defects lead to this condition.
The Krebs cycle converts ________ through a cycle of reactions. In the process, ATP, ________, and ________ are produced. acetyl CoA; FAD, NAD acetyl CoA; FADH2; NADH pyruvate; NAD; FADH2 pyruvate; oxygen; oxaloacetate
Using the ActiveModel for aldose reductase, describe the structure of the TIM barrel motif and the structure and location of the active site.
Using the ActiveModel for enoyl-CoA dehydratase, give an example of a case in which conserved residues in slightly different positions can change the catalytic rate of reaction.
Understanding the Action of Fluoroacetate on the TCA Cycle In a tissue where the TCA cycle has been inhibited by fluoroacetate, what difference in the concentration of each TCA cycle metabolite would you expect, compared with a normal, uninhibited tissue?
Radiotracer Labeling of Pyruvate from Glucose Determine the anticipated location in pyruvate of labeled carbons If glucose molecules labeled (in separate experiments.) with 14C at each position of (.tie carbon skeleton proceed through the glycolytic pathway.
Effects of Changing Metabolite Concentrations on Glycolysis In an erythrocyte undergoing glycolysis what would be the effect of a sudden increase in the concentration of a. AÎ¤P? b. AMP? c. fructose-1.6-bisphosphate? d. fructose-2, 6-bisphosphate? e. citrate? f. glucose-6-phospthate?
Ethanol as a Source of Metabolic Energy (Integrates with Chapters 19 and 20.) Acetate produced in ethanol metabolism can be transformed into acetyl-COA by the acetyl thiokinase reaction: Acetate+ATP+CoASHacetyleCoA+AMP+PPiAcetyle-CoA then can enter the citric acid cycle and undergo oxidation to 2 CO2by this route, assuming oxidative phosphorylation is part of the process? (Assume all reactions prior to acetyl-CoA entering the citric acid cycle occur outside the mitochondrion). Per carbon atom, which is a better metabolic fuel, ethanol or glucose? That is, how many ATP equivalents per carbon atom are generated by combustion of glucose versus ethanol to CO2?
Energetic of Fructose-1 ,6-bis P Hydrolysis (Integrates with Chapter 3.) The standard free energy change (G) for hydrolysis of fructose-1. 6-bisphosphate (FBP) to fructose-S-phosphate (F-6-P) and P: is -16.7 KJ/mol: FBP + H2O fructose-6-P + Pi The standard free energy change (G) for ATP hydrolysis is -30.5 KJ/mol: ATP + H2O ADP + Pj What is the standard free energy change for the phosphofructokinase reaction: ATP + fructose-6-P ADP + FBP b. What is the equilibrium constant for this reaction? c. Assuming the intracellular concentrations of [ATP] and (ADP] are maintained constant at 4 mM and 1.6 mM, respectively, in a rat liver cell, what will be the ratio of [FBP]/[fructose-6-P] when the phosphofructokinase reaction reaches equilibrium?
Distinguishing the Mechanisms of Class I and Class I Aldolases Fructose bisphosphate aldolase in animal muscle is a class 1 aldolase, which forms a Schiff base intermediate between substrate (for example. fructose-1, 6-bisphosphate or dihydroxyacetone phosphate) and a lysine at the active site (see Figure I8.12). The chemical evidence for this intermediate conies from studies with aldolase and the reducing agent sodium borohydride, NaBH4. Incubation of the enzyme with dihydroxyacetone phosphate and NaBH4 inactivates the enzyme. Interestingly, no inactivation is observed if NabH4 is added to the enzyme in the absence of substrate. Write a mechanism that explains these observations and provides evidence for the formation of a Schiff base intermediate in the aldolase reaction.