As described in 4C above, PLP-dependent enzymes can generate formaldehyde from serine. This compound would be toxic if widely distributed in the cell, so normally the formaldehyde is captured by tetrahydrofolate, generating N^5 ,N^10-methylene tetrahydrofolatea) Draw a general acid/general base mechanism that an enzyme might use for this transformationb) Explain the role of the coenzymes N^5 , N^10-methylene tetrahydrofolate, and NADPH in thymidylate synthase, which converts dUMP to dTMP (no mechanism needed; an accurate written description will do, ### Chemical Reaction of Tetrahydrofolate (THF) to N⁵,N¹⁰-Methylene THFThe image illustrates a chemical reaction involving the conversion of tetrahydrofolate (THF) to N⁵,N¹⁰-methylene tetrahydrofolate. This process involves the addition of formaldehyde (CH₂O) and the release of water (H₂O).#### Structures:- **Tetrahydrofolate (THF):** - A heterocyclic compound characterized by a pterin ring system connected to a p-aminobenzoic acid and glutamate residue. - In this structure, nitrogen atoms are present at positions 5 and 10, designated as N⁵ and N¹⁰.- **N⁵,N¹⁰-Methylene THF:** - Formed when a methylene group bridges the N⁵ and N¹⁰ positions of the original THF molecule. - It plays a crucial role in various biochemical processes, primarily in the transfer of one-carbon units.#### Reaction Description:- **Reactants:** - Tetrahydrofolate (THF) - Formaldehyde (CH₂O)- **Products:** - N⁵,N¹⁰-Methylene THF - Water (H₂O)This reaction is significant in cellular metabolism, particularly in nucleotide biosynthesis, where THF derivatives serve as cofactors in one-carbon transfer reactions.

Answered: As described in 4C above, PLP-dependent…

Biochemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781319114671

Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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Question

As described in 4C above, PLP-dependent enzymes can generate formaldehyde from serine. This compound would be toxic if widely distributed in the cell, so normally the formaldehyde is captured by tetrahydrofolate, generating N^5 ,N^10-methylene tetrahydrofolate

a) Draw a general acid/general base mechanism that an enzyme might use for this transformation

b) Explain the role of the coenzymes N^5 , N^10-methylene tetrahydrofolate, and NADPH in thymidylate synthase, which converts dUMP to dTMP (no mechanism needed; an accurate written description will do,