3.16. Decarboxylation of glyoxalate (S) by mitochondria is inhibited by malonate (I). Using thefollowing data obtained in batch experiments, determine the following:Glyox,S (mm)0.250.330.400.500.600.751.00Rate of CO₂ evolution, v (mmoles/l-h)I=0I = 1.26 mM1.021.391.671.892.082.442.50a. What type of inhibition is this?b. Determine the constants V K, and K₁.0.730.871.091.301.411.822.17I = 1.95 mM0.560.750.851.001.281.391.82

For a one-substrate enzyme-catalyzed reaction, the Michaelis-Menton equation shows the quantitative…

Answered: 3.16. Decarboxylation of glyoxalate (S)…

Biochemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781319114671

Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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M1
Considering the following illustration, what is the relationship between plants, animals, O2 and CO2?
In oxidative phosphorylation (mark all that are true)... Choice 1 of 7:Succinate contributes 2e- to Complex II and 2H+ to the mitochondrial proton gradient. Choice 2 of 7:NADH in the matrix passes 2 e- to coenzyme Q via Complex I. Choice 3 of 7:Complexes I, II, III, and IV each contribute to the matrix proton gradient. Choice 4 of 7:O2 stabilizes the catalytically active conformation of Complex V. Choice 5 of 7:Reversible protonation of c subunits leads to rotation of the Complex V gamma subunit. Choice 6 of 7:Each β subunit can bind ATP tightly under the right conditions. Choice 7 of 7:For every 3 protons that pass across the inner mitochondrial membrane, 1 ATP is produced. Below are screenshots of the answer from two different sources (for your consideration)
Can you explain the thermodynamic regukation of the OxPhos system?
7. Representative values of Vm and ApH for the inner mitochondrial membrane and the thylakoid membrane at 25°C are provided in the table. Vm Арн 1.0 pmf Inner mitochondrial 0.166 V 0.2251 membrane Thylakoid membrane O,1483 0.03 V B) What is the value of AG for the thermodynamically feasible (“downhill") movement of 1 mole of H across the inner mitochondrial membrane?
11. Chambers and coworkers have reported [NAD*] and [NADH] concentrations in yeast mitochondria as 20 mM and 0.3 mM, respectively. Consider the Malate Dehydrogenase reaction below: Malate + NAD* → Oxaloacetate + NADH + H* AG° = +29.7 kJ/mol If Malate concentration in yeast mitochondria is 0.4 mM what is the maximum concentration of oxaloacetate needed to make the reaction exergonic at pH 7.0 and 37°C? А. 7.14 х 105 В. 2.04 х 104 С. 8.17 х 106 D. 5.45 x 108 Е. 2.63 х 107 F. 4.69 x 108 G. 4.90 X107 Н. 3.13 х 106 I. 5.05 х 106
4. Anammox bacteria are known to obtain energy from the anaerobic autotrophic oxidation of one mole of NH4+ with N02- to form one mole of N2. (1) Develop an electron equivalent energy reaction for the anammox organisms. (2) Calculate ΔGr (kJ/1nol) for this reaction. (3) Calculate fs° for the anammox autotrophic reaction, assuming ε =0.4, N02- is the N source, inorganic carbon is the carbon source and Y is in g VSS/g N.
2 ATP + HCO₂ + NH₂ 140 CPS-1 H₂N OPO,2 H₂N 2 ADP, P CH₂ HỘ NHỎ coo 1 0=UN NH₂ P OTC ARG1 H₂O NH₂ H₂H Coo NH CHI CH₂ Coo CH₂ 7 CH₂ HỘ NHĨ coo 4 5 Which of the following is a carbon input to this pathway? (Numbers refer to the above key) 1 2 3 4 None of these is a carbon input NH CH₂ CH₂ CH₂ HỒ NH coo ASL -8---8 CH₂ HỘ NHĨ coo CH ASS ATP PP L-Asp AMP 1 L-ornithine 2 carbamoyl phosphate 3 L-citrulline 4 argininosuccinate 5 fumarate 6 L-arginine 7 urea L-Asp L-aspartate CPS-1 carbamoyl phosphate synthetase I OTC Ornithine transcarbamoylase ASS argininosuccinate synthetase ASL argininosuccinate lyase ARG1 arginase 1 OH OH NH₂
25. The following graph illustrates the consumption of oxygen in a mitochondrial preparation. Draw, on the graph, what would happen to oxygen concentration in the mitochondria under each of the following conditions (in other words, your final graph should have 4 different lines on it, clearly labeled a, b, c, and d) A .3 dte: 0cT ON 01E.0 .2t .1 1 2 3 Time, min (a) NADH (but nothing else) is added at the time marked A (b) NADH plus ADP is added at the time marked A. (c) NADH plus ADP plus a drug that prevents ATP synthase from binding to ADP at the time marked A. (d) NADH plus ADP plus a drug that prevents ATP synthase from binding ADP at the time marked A, followed by a drug that makes the inner membrane space more basic 1 minute later. [02], mM
3.
If we examine all of the enzymes involved in the CAC as it's own isolated pathway. What would be the sum of the Flux Control Coefficients (C) of all the enzymes involved in this pathway? O 2.3 O 0.4 O 1.5 1.0 O 0.0
The table below provides kinetic information when ADH is reacted with ethanol alone, NAD+ alone, and ethanol with NAD+ For the experiment that reacted both ethanol and NAD+ with ADH, estimate Vmax and KM for ADH

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