1. Name and draw diagrammatically the series of mitochondrial electron transfer catalysts, starting with the oxidation of NADH and succinate andending with the reduction of O2.2. Indicate the sites and stoichiometry (per 2e) at which protons are translocated from the matrix to the intermembrane space.3. Indicate which complexes are inhibited by: amytal, antimycin A, azide (N3 ), cyanide (CN), carbon monoxide (CO), and rotenone.4. Describe the effects of (1) oligomycin and (2) uncouplers of oxidative phosphorylation, e.g., dinitrophenol (DNP), carbonyl cyanide-p-trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone (FCCP), on respiration and ATP synthesis when added to a suspension of mitochondria with excess malate, ADP,and inorganic phosphate (Pi).

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Biochemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781319114671

Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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This UCP1 protein allows the protons (H+) of the mitochondrial intermembrane space to enter the mitochondrial matrix without going through the ATP synthase. This bypass represents a shortcut for protons and uncouples (i.e. eliminates the interrelationship between) the following two processes: The entry of protons inside the mitochondrial matrix, following their concentration gradient. The phosphorylation of ADP into ATP by the ATP synthase. It is this uncoupling that gave the protein its name: uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1). The following figure shows the location of UCP1 when it is expressed (synthesized) in the brown adipose tissues (BAT) of hibernating mammals. Question 12 Based on the UCP1 protein structure shown earlier, and based on the figure above, what type of protein is UCP1? Question 12 options: a) A primary active transporter. b) A motor protein.…
Given that malonate inhibits succinate dehydrogenase which of the following statements is TRUE? a. FADH2 results in only 4 H+ being pumped out of the mitochondrial matrix. b. All electron transport is inhibited. c. Transfer of electrons from NADH to Coenzyme Q (ubiquinone) is inhibited. d. Transfer of electrons from FADH2 to Coenzyme Q (ubiquinone) is inhibited. e. NADH results in only 4 H+ being pumped out of the mitochondrial matrix. Clear my choice
Which of the following components of the mitochondrial electron transport chain is the only one to be considered a peripheral protein? the cytochrome a-a3 complex the cytochrome c oxidase complex coenzyme Q (ubiquinone) the cytochrome b-c1 complex cytochrome c
10. In ATP synthase, the ____ subunit is the site of ATP synthesis while the ____ subunit forms the proton channel through the inner mitochondrial membrane.
Which of the following components of the mitochondrial electron transport chain is the only one to be considered a peripheral protein? cell biology the cytochrome a-a3 complex the cytochrome c oxidase complex coenzyme Q (ubiquinone) the cytochrome b-c1 complex cytochrome c
NADH and succinate are substrates that can be oxidized and will consume oxygen. Rotenone and cyanide are inhibitors of the electron transport chain and can block oxidation. Match each description of the effector to the appropriate oxygen consumption. A plot may match more than one description. Some plots will not match any description. (At least one of the matches in the image was incorrect)
Describe the impact of each of the following on cellular respiration 1. A mutation in ubiquinone (Q) that makes it more a polar molecule. 2. A mutation in the pyruvate carrier protein in the mitochondrial membrane that decreases transport.
1. Overall, what do glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and electron transport do? (Know starting materials and products.) Explain very briefly how energy stored in glucose is converted into energy stored in ATP. Where are oxygen, carbon dioxide, glucose, water, and ATP involved, and how do they relate to each other? Where is the most number of ATP produced? 2. Account for the 6 Carbons in glucose. In other words where does the 6 carbons in glucose end up 3. When is fermentation used instead of cellular respiration? How does this apply to humans? Know the industrial uses of fermentation 4. What is ATP synthase do? Where is it located? 5. How are oxygen and carbon dioxide related to the function of the mitochondria? Why do we REALLY need to breathe? (Hint: where does CO2 come from? Where is O2 used?) 6. Know how cyanide stops cellular respiration
Which complex of the mitochondrial electron transport chain accepts electrons directly from NADH (the reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide)? NADH dehydrogenase (complex I) FADH2 dehydrogenase (complex II) cytochrome b-c1 (complex III) cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV) the ATP synthase complex
2. 'a) List the number of NADH and FADH2 equivalents formed and the corresponding number or ATP equivalents generated by mitochondrial oxidation of one molecule of CH3(CH2)12-COSCOA Number of NADH or Number of ATP Enzyme catalyzing the oxidation step FADH, formed ultimately formed B Oxidation Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase B-Hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase Citric acid cycle Isocitrate dehydrogenase a-Ketoglutarate dehydrogenase Succinyl-CoA synthetase Succinate dehydrogenase Malate dehydrogenase Total "These calculations assume that mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation produces 1.5 ATP per FADH2 oxidized and 2.5 ATP per NADH oxidized. "GTP produced directly in this step yields ATP in the reaction catalyzed by nucleoside diphosphate kinase (p. 516). For all of the questions below, assume that respiratory activity of mitochondria is supported by CH3(CH2)12-COSCOA in the presence of excess ADP (+ P). (b) How many ATP equivalents will be generated in the presence of the inhibitor rotenone? Give a…
In oxidative phosphorylation (mark all that are true)... Choice 1 of 7:Succinate contributes 2e- to Complex II and 2H+ to the mitochondrial proton gradient. Choice 2 of 7:NADH in the matrix passes 2 e- to coenzyme Q via Complex I. Choice 3 of 7:Complexes I, II, III, and IV each contribute to the matrix proton gradient. Choice 4 of 7:O2 stabilizes the catalytically active conformation of Complex V. Choice 5 of 7:Reversible protonation of c subunits leads to rotation of the Complex V gamma subunit. Choice 6 of 7:Each β subunit can bind ATP tightly under the right conditions. Choice 7 of 7:For every 3 protons that pass across the inner mitochondrial membrane, 1 ATP is produced. Below are screenshots of the answer from two different sources (for your consideration)
Which complex of the mitochondrial electron transport chain accepts electrons directly from NADH (the reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide)? NADH dehydrogenase (complex I) FADH2 dehydrogenase (complex II) cytochrome b-c1 (complex III) cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV) the ATP synthase complex

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1. Name and draw diagrammatically the series of mitochondrial electron transfer catalysts, starting with the oxidation of NADH and succinate and ending with the reduction of O2.