Anammox bacteria are known to obtain energy from the anaerobic autotrophic oxidation of one mole of NH4+ with N02- to form one mole of N2. (1) Develop an electron equivalent energy reaction for the anammox organisms. (2) Calculate ΔGr (kJ/1nol) for this reaction. (3) Calculate fs° for the anammox autotrophic reaction, assuming ε =0.4, N02- is the N source, inorganic carbon is the carbon source and Y is in g VSS/g N.
Anammox bacteria are known to obtain energy from the anaerobic autotrophic oxidation of one mole of NH4+ with N02- to form one mole of N2. (1) Develop an electron equivalent energy reaction for the anammox organisms. (2) Calculate ΔGr (kJ/1nol) for this reaction. (3) Calculate fs° for the anammox autotrophic reaction, assuming ε =0.4, N02- is the N source, inorganic carbon is the carbon source and Y is in g VSS/g N.
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4. Anammox bacteria are known to obtain energy from the anaerobic autotrophic oxidation of one mole of NH4+ with N02- to form one mole of N2. (1) Develop an electron equivalent energy reaction for the anammox organisms. (2) Calculate ΔGr (kJ/1nol) for this reaction. (3) Calculate fs° for the anammox autotrophic reaction, assuming ε =0.4, N02- is the N source, inorganic carbon is the carbon source and Y is in g VSS/g N.
![3. (1) Write down the overall reactions for nitrification (a), methanogenesis from wastewater (b),
and fermentation (c) using the following electron donor/electron acceptor and fº.
Case
Electron Donor Electron Acceptor
fs
Ammonia
0.1
C8H1703N
0.08
Glucose
0.22
a
b
C
Oxygen
Carbon dioxide
Ethanol
Assume "waste" in water is represented as C8H1703N
(2) Based on the stoichiometry equation, please answer and calculate the following values in g
1
6
(a) When 1 mole of NH4* (or 1 molex 14 g/mole = 14 g NH4-N) is consumed,
- How much oxygen is consumed (should be supplied)?
- How much biomass is produced?
- How much nitrate is produced?
(b) When 1 mole of waste (or 1 mole x175 g/mole=175 g waste) is consumed,
- How much methane is produced?
- What is the composition of the biogas?
- How much biomass is produced?
- How much alkalinity (bicarbonate) is consumed?
(c) When 1 mole of glucose (or 1 mole x180 g/mole =180 g glucose) is consumed,
- How much ethanol is produced?
- How much biomass is produced?
- How much alkalinity is consumed?
4. Anammox bacteria are known to obtain energy from the anaerobic autotrophic oxidation of
one mole of NH4 with NO₂ to form one mole of N₂. (1) Develop an electron equivalent
energy reaction for the anammox organisms. (2) Calculate AG, (kJ/mol) for this reaction. (3)
Calculate fs for the anammox autotrophic reaction, assuming & = 0.4, NO₂ is the N source,
inorganic carbon is the carbon source and Y is in g VSS/g N. (
5. You have been asked to biologically treat a water that has been contaminated with potassium
perchlorate. You realize that perchlorate (HCIO4), which has a AG free energy of formation
value in water of -8.5 kJ/mol, and can be used as an electron acceptor in biological reactions
such as when using acetate as an electron donor. The half-reaction for perchlorate reduction is
Nitrogen Source
Ammonia
Ammonia
Ammonia
2
HCIO + H+ + e CI+H₂O AG= 132 kJ/e¯ eq
7
6
3
=
6
Thus, biological oxidation of acetate with perchlorate would rid the water of perchlorate,
leaving only chloride as a residue. Having no information on the kinetics of biological
oxidation of acetate with perchlorate, you decide to estimate some of the basic reaction kinetic
values for this case. Consider both the case where the efficiency of energy transfer is a
conservative 40% and a more normal value of 60%. For each efficiency value estimate Y (g
VSS/g BODL), â (g BOD/g VSS-d), b (d-¹), and [min]lim, and a design value for Ox.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Fd464cc12-4f1f-40ef-9839-a31572d76efc%2F480a946b-4b19-4d1d-a66f-572cdfb2866e%2Ft1yasd_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:3. (1) Write down the overall reactions for nitrification (a), methanogenesis from wastewater (b),
and fermentation (c) using the following electron donor/electron acceptor and fº.
Case
Electron Donor Electron Acceptor
fs
Ammonia
0.1
C8H1703N
0.08
Glucose
0.22
a
b
C
Oxygen
Carbon dioxide
Ethanol
Assume "waste" in water is represented as C8H1703N
(2) Based on the stoichiometry equation, please answer and calculate the following values in g
1
6
(a) When 1 mole of NH4* (or 1 molex 14 g/mole = 14 g NH4-N) is consumed,
- How much oxygen is consumed (should be supplied)?
- How much biomass is produced?
- How much nitrate is produced?
(b) When 1 mole of waste (or 1 mole x175 g/mole=175 g waste) is consumed,
- How much methane is produced?
- What is the composition of the biogas?
- How much biomass is produced?
- How much alkalinity (bicarbonate) is consumed?
(c) When 1 mole of glucose (or 1 mole x180 g/mole =180 g glucose) is consumed,
- How much ethanol is produced?
- How much biomass is produced?
- How much alkalinity is consumed?
4. Anammox bacteria are known to obtain energy from the anaerobic autotrophic oxidation of
one mole of NH4 with NO₂ to form one mole of N₂. (1) Develop an electron equivalent
energy reaction for the anammox organisms. (2) Calculate AG, (kJ/mol) for this reaction. (3)
Calculate fs for the anammox autotrophic reaction, assuming & = 0.4, NO₂ is the N source,
inorganic carbon is the carbon source and Y is in g VSS/g N. (
5. You have been asked to biologically treat a water that has been contaminated with potassium
perchlorate. You realize that perchlorate (HCIO4), which has a AG free energy of formation
value in water of -8.5 kJ/mol, and can be used as an electron acceptor in biological reactions
such as when using acetate as an electron donor. The half-reaction for perchlorate reduction is
Nitrogen Source
Ammonia
Ammonia
Ammonia
2
HCIO + H+ + e CI+H₂O AG= 132 kJ/e¯ eq
7
6
3
=
6
Thus, biological oxidation of acetate with perchlorate would rid the water of perchlorate,
leaving only chloride as a residue. Having no information on the kinetics of biological
oxidation of acetate with perchlorate, you decide to estimate some of the basic reaction kinetic
values for this case. Consider both the case where the efficiency of energy transfer is a
conservative 40% and a more normal value of 60%. For each efficiency value estimate Y (g
VSS/g BODL), â (g BOD/g VSS-d), b (d-¹), and [min]lim, and a design value for Ox.
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