. GAPDH (glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase) is an enzyme that catalyzes the sixth step in glycolysis, an important reaction that produces molecules used in cellular respiration. Table 2 below shows the percentage similarity of this gene and the protein it expresses in humans versus other species. For example, according to the table, the GAPDH gene in chimpanzees is 99.6% identical to the gene found in humans, while the protein is identical. Draw a cladogram depicting the evolutionary relationships among all five species (including humans) according to their percentage similarity in the GAPDH gene. Table 2. Percentage Similarity Between the GAPDH Gene and Protein in Humans and Other Species Species Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) Dog (Canis lupus familiaris) Fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) Roundworm (Caenorhabditis elegans) Gene Percentage Similarity 99.6% 91.3% 72.4% 68.2% Protein Percentage Similarity 100% 95.2% 76.7% 74.3%

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