cf_advocacy_for_marginalized_population Memo Chloe Smith

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Southern New Hampshire University *

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Feb 20, 2024

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ADVOCACY FOR MARGINALIZED POPULATION For this assignment, you may choose to create either a PowerPoint presentation or a professional memo that advocates for the marginalized population you explored in the previous assignment. This template will guide you through the professional memo. To complete the PowerPoint presentation instead, locate the associated template. In this assignment, you will report the challenges faced by your selected marginalized population, as well as the roles a counselor and organization should play when helping these individuals and families meet and overcome their challenges. Your memo should also provide information regarding strategies and resources for working with your selected population. For the challenges faced by your chosen population, you may refer to your textbook, outside literature, or personal experiences. In your memo, employ evidence and research-based reasoning to support your argument. Where appropriate, use anecdotal evidence referring to clients and students to emphasize the human and emotional elements of the issue you are addressing. Additionally, keep in mind that you are advocating in your role as a counseling professional on behalf of the clientele and student population that you serve, so your voice is that of your counseling specialization. You are representing the profession, so make sure that your presentation is based on research and facts rather than solely personal opinions. TO: ALL FROM: CHLOE SMITH RE: ADVOCACY FOR MARGINALIZED POPULATION I write to report below the challenges faced by the Muslim American community as well as the roles counselors and organizations should play when helping these individuals and families meet and overcome their challenges. In addition to outlining some of the challenges faced by this population, I will also provide strategies and resources for working with this population. Thank you, Chloe Smith -- -- -- -- -- --- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Population Concerns 1

• Muslim Americans are Americans who are members of the Islamic faith. They make up about 1.1% of the United States population, an estimated 3.45 million people (about the population of Oklahoma) of all ages with 2.15 million being adults (Greenwood 2017). It was observed that almost 6 in ten Muslim Americans are first-generation, meaning they were born in other countries (Greenwood 2017). Unlike the stereotype developed in the United States about Muslim Americans, there is no racial or ethnic group that makes up the majority of Muslim Americans, who identify as white, Middle Eastern, Asian, black, Hispanic, and multiracial or multiethnic. • Concerns for this population begin with the majority being immigrants to the United States. Trying to assimilate to a culture to fit in while maintaining one's own identity presents difficulties. There are also difficulties with being underemployed, with 40% of Muslim American households reporting incomes of under $30,000 (Greenwood 2017). There could be many factors that contribute to this underemployment despite having similar levels of education as other Americans. Additionally, since terrorist attacks occurred on September 11, 2001, along with global attacks over the last two decades there has been an increase in anti-Muslim hate crimes in the United States (Samari 2016). All the stressors listed previously are just examples of the challenges that Muslim Americans face. Population Rationale and Personal Impact • I selected the Muslim American community because there was a point in my life that I was very ignorant about this community. I only knew what I was told by the adults around me who were fueled by Islamophobia. As I encountered members of the Islamic faith, I came to realize they were incredibly kind and loving people. They are no different than members of any other faith, they just view the world differently. • When I participated in the immersive experience, I watched a 3-part documentary series titled “A Town Called Victoria” and it covered the story of a Mosque in Victoria, Texas being set ablaze in an act of hate. As they were interviewing locals some of the racist rhetoric was stuff that I had grown up hearing. It made my stomach turn to know that I was just as ignorant and possibly as hateful with my own ideologies. I never want to feel like I was contributing to the social ostracization of a group of people. 2

Ethical Codes and Advocacy Describe here three professional ethical codes that guide counselors toward multicultural and diversity competence. 1. Section B Confidentiality and Privacy contains B.1. Respecting Client Rights which is further broken down into B.1.a Multicultural/Diversity Considerations. This establishes that counselors must maintain awareness and sensitivity regarding cultural meanings of confidentiality and privacy. It is important that counselors have continuous and ongoing conversations with clients about how, when, and with whom information can be shared. 2. Section C Professional Responsibility contains C.2. Professional Competence which is further broken down into C.2.a. Boundaries of Competence. In this section it is determined that counselors may only practice within their boundaries of competency. Whereas multicultural counseling competency is required across all counseling specialty areas. It is the counselor's responsibility to ensure they gain knowledge, personal awareness, sensitivity, and the skills pertinent to which allow them to be culturally competent. 3. Section E Evaluation, Assessment, and Interpretation contains E.8. Multicultural Issues/Diversity in Assessment. In this section it is explained that counselors must be aware that when they select assessments that are normed to populations other than their client there may be complication. It is important to know that everything including but not limited to age, race, language preference, and religion impacts the way a client interacts with the test as well as the results. Section A.7 Roles and Relationships at Individual, Group, Institutional, and Societal levels break down to A.7.a. Advocacy which explains that when appropriate counselors must advocate on a wide range of different levels to address potential barriers and obstacles that inhibit access or the growth of the client's development. Three Challenges Explain here how three challenges for a selected population impact mental health and help- seeking. 1. One challenge for the Muslim American population to seek mental health care is that there are not enough individuals available and prepared to provide linguistic and culturally appropriate care to those who are Muslim (Abbasi & Paulsen 2019). When people are not able to communicate in the preferred language nor do they understand the 3

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complexities of the culture it makes it difficult for Muslim Americans to find the mental health care that they need. 2. Some members of the Islamic faith my turn to their religious text, the Quran to find assistance with mental health care. Based on interpretation individuals might see mental illness as a spiritual test, the influence of supernatural entities, or the lack of or weakened faith (Tanhan & Young 2022). This can make it challenging to treat the client, because you are going to have to find strategies to respect their faith and provide them with the quality care they deserve. 3. Another challenge ties back into faith, because mental illness is seen as a lack of faith or test from God Muslims that struggle with mental illness may be deemed mentally incompetent and excluded from religious duties. This may make them resistance to finding help from someone other than their imam (the Muslim faith leader) (Abbasi & Paulsen 2019). Three Strategies Explain how three strategies a counselor could adopt might help address the challenges for a selected population . 1. One strategy that can be adopted to help address challenges that the Muslim American community faces is becoming educated on the Muslim community and what is culturally appropriate. This can include reading, listening, and watching educational material on the community to build better understanding of what their needs and expectations are. 2. Another great strategy would be to engage with local Muslim communities to have access to information and education about the community but to also provide access to information and education on mental health services. It would be advantages to build a partnership with an imam or a Muslim Community Center to offer support to one another. 3. Lastly, to combat the language barrier, having access to interpreters to provide services in the preferred language is helpful. By providing forms and services in a variety of languages that are used within the Muslim community the counselor can ensure that their client is fully informed and comfortable. Legislative Policy Due to the global conversation about Muslims and the actions of extremists there has been a rise in Islamophobia which as translated to fear promoting politics in the United States. In 2017 then 4

President Donald Trump enacted Executive Order 13769 “Protecting the Nation from Foreign Terrorist Entry into the United States” which was more commonly known as the “Muslim Ban”. This discriminatory immigration policy targets refugees and travelers who have any association with the Muslim world leading to racial and religious profiling. When President Joe Biden was inaugurated in 2021, he revoked the travel ban. This allows families to reunite and individuals seeking refuge to find safety in the USA. The ACLU is continuously working to fight against laws that discriminate against Muslim Americans based on their race and or religion. Eliminating discriminatory practices allows for Muslim Americans to feel more included in the community. When individuals feel socially connected, they are more likely to reach out to receive mental health treatment (Moffic, Peteet, Hankir, & Awaad 2019). References Abbasi, F., & Paulsen, E. (2019). Working with Muslim patients. Working with Muslim Patients. https://www.psychiatry.org/psychiatrists/diversity/education/best-practice-highlights/ working-with-muslim-patients American Psychiatric Association. 2019. "Treating Muslims." Stress & Trauma Toolkit for Treating Historically Marginalized Populations in a Changing Political and Social Environment. Greenwood, S. (2017, July 26). Demographic portrait of Muslim Americans. Pew Research Center’s Religion & Public Life Project. https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/2017/07/26/demographic-portrait-of-muslim- americans/ Lu, Li. 2023. A Town Called Victoria. Independent Lens Broadcast Series Production. Moffic HS, Peteet J, Hankir AZ, Awaad R. Islamophobia and Psychiatry: Recognition, Prevention, and Treatment. Cham, Switzerland: Springer; 2019 Samari G. (2016). Islamophobia and Public Health in the United States. American journal of public health, 106(11), 1920–1925. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2016.303374 5

Tanhan, A., & Young, J. S. (2022). Muslims and Mental Health Services: A Concept Map and a Theoretical Framework. Journal of religion and health, 61(1), 23–63. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-021-01324-4 6

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