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Lazaro 1 1 May 2023 Use Of Social Media On Politics Information and communication technology over ten years ago resulted in substantial global changes. The way individuals talk to each other and about social and political issues has significantly changed over the past few years as a result of advancements in technology and communication methods. Numerous topics relating to how people use social media have been studied by academics with expertise in media and communication, politics, sociology, and international relations. Because of the internet, people can learn about current political happenings. Online users are also urged to take part in political events offline by maintaining their interest in them. In recent years, the internet has evolved into an essential tool for political engagement and dialogue. However, new media and technological advancements have led to the emergence of two-way communication patterns. The generation that uses the internet and social media the most frequently is the millennial generation. If young people engage in internet-related activities related to politics, they may profit from and be more likely to participate in political events. For millions of users, social media is one of the most major information sources, but it also offers a significant chance for false information to sway public opinion. People can now contact candidates and elected officials and hold them responsible for their actions as a result of politicians using social media more and more. Particularly when it comes to norms concerning the private and public space, social media plays a crucial role in producing environmental elements that shape political growth on a par with socioeconomic position or familial considerations (Swigger 2013). Young individuals may be influenced to follow popular patterns they see on these websites, particularly political

Lazaro 2 tendencies. Young people's civic growth can often take place via social media. It offers a variety of platforms for media production and consumption, giving various young people the chance to interact with social and political issues (Belle Booth, 2021). This gives young adults the opportunity to express their opinions and engage in discussion about concerns. Use of social media may rise together with exposure to political information, which only reinforces preexisting partisan biases, further polarizing those who hold different partisan views (Klein & Robison 2020). This demonstrates that due to the severe polarization of the information being disseminated, young individuals may have strong feelings towards particular political viewpoints. Following a review of the literature, it is evident that political movements and beliefs are directly influenced by social media. Online socialization has been shown to play a crucial part in young people's intellectual development, and social media has grown in importance in young adults' lives. Young adults find it challenging to avoid being influenced by the content they may view every day that is geared toward them because it is a necessary component of growth. Young adults can create networks with their like-minded peers and expose themselves to various international current events. Figure 1 revealed that more than 60% of young adults shared their information on political and social topics with a sense of empowerment and knowledge. Their sense of empowerment prompts them to Increase your posting and learn more about political concerns. Online political content that is ideologically more similar to young adults' political views is more likely to be exposed to them than content from opposing political ideologies. Bakshy et al. (2015) conducted recent research to examine the exposure to ideologically varied content on Facebook utilizing information on the sharing activity of more than 10 million users. They demonstrate that people encounter political content that supports opposing ideas less frequently

Lazaro 3 than they do their own. The authors demonstrate that this is a result of users' decreased propensity to share topic-specific content with their friends as well as Facebook's algorithm for providing news feeds to users.Young adults may be encouraged by this to just adhere to their beliefs as they are not being exposed to political content that is opposed. If someone on their friends list holds a different ideology than they do, it is the only way they can encounter competing viewpoints. Users' propensity to link up with people who share their views is a crucial factor in how little political content from opposing perspectives is exposed to them. Platforms on social media have developed into a vital venue for people to express their views and learn about political concerns. Due to platform algorithms that show users content they are likely to engage with and because young adults have a propensity to form connections with other like-minded individuals, the majority of them will be exposed to political information that most likely supports their ideological views. Because they won't be exposed to opposing viewpoints, this can occasionally result in severe partisan biases. Social media focuses on user-generated content and has minimal entry requirements. Low entry barriers enable new entrants who were previously excluded by the political establishment, making the gatekeeping of the dissemination of political information far less effective (Enikolopov et al. 2020). The dissemination of content from all over the world might lead to a lot of misinformation among young adults who do not thoroughly vet all of their sources. On Twitter, for instance, false information spreads much more quickly and widely than the truth, and because of this larger dissemination, misleading information is also more lucrative for social media companies (Schleffer 2021). This demonstrates how young people can spread political misinformation more easily because the hurdles are so low and they might hold false beliefs.

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Lazaro 4 Because social media platforms are increasingly serving as news sources and allowing content to be created and distributed among users with little to no editorial oversight or fact-checking, fake news has become more prevalent in recent years. Because it is more widely available and less expensive to produce than accurate reporting, partisan news appeals to consumers. People think that if a story is going viral, it must be true, so when millions of people share it, it suddenly becomes "real" (Schleffer 2021). Political concerns may attract more attention, however due to the possibility of incorrect information, caution is advised. Politics has generally been able to become one of the most talked about topics across all platforms as a result of the rising use of social media because political information can now be disseminated so easily. Adults aged 18 to 29 who participated in CIRCLE/Tisch College's Post-Election Poll reported seeing a lot of material about the 2020 election on various social media platforms. According to Figure 2, young people between the ages of 20 and 29 were more likely to mention Twitter, Facebook, Instagram, and YouTube as places they found out about the 2020 election. Youth between the ages of 18 and 19 were more likely to mention Snapchat, Instagram, Tiktok, and YouTube (Belle Booth 2021). This demonstrates that political material is being disseminated across all social media platforms, and that participation in the election was a result of it being made available. Social media platforms weren't initially exploited for political objectives, which caused online voters to lose interest in elections and politics in general. The situation has evolved over time, though, and new political leaders have developed who are able to inspire voters by contacting them directly online. This shift happened at the same time as social media started to take off (Enikolopov et al. 2020). This demonstrates that political leaders were aware of the significance of reviving voter participation ahead of elections and that using social media to reach younger audiences was successful. Overall, social media aided young people's increased

Lazaro 5 political engagement and seriousness toward politics. On these platforms, some content was published that depicted how the nation would be affected if more people stayed away from the polls. many ideologies. It is challenging to halt misinformation that can give rise to partisan prejudices due to the high prevalence of political content on social media platforms and the low entrance requirements. The way topics are discussed in the actual world may be impacted by the propagation of this false information. Social media can have either a positive or harmful impact: It can be an instrument of liberalization, used to share knowledge and information, but it can also be an instrument of repression, used to disseminate false information and fake news. Overall, social media has had a big impact on how much young adults participate in politics and social movements. Given that social media has permanently ingrained itself into our lives, it is critical to consider its positive aspects. It has been successful in engaging college-aged students in conversations about subjects that may have an impact on them or their peers. Voter participation and awareness of significant social issues have grown over the past two years, demonstrating that younger adults are concerned about current events and their impact on the future. It's crucial to recognize how interested this age group is in what's going on. establishing social media networks where they feel secure enough to distribute content and their own viewpoints. It's now simpler to participate thanks to that. Work Cited Bakshy, E., Messing, S., & Adamic, L. A. (2015). Exposure to Ideologically Diverse News and Opinion on Facebook. Science, 348(6239), 1130–1132. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaa1160

Lazaro 6 Belle Booth, R. (2021, April 21). Young People Created Media to Uplift their Voices in 2020. CIRCLE. https://circle.tufts.edu/latest-research/young-people-created-media-uplift- their-voices-2020 Swigger, Nathaniel. "The Online Citizen: Is Social Media Changing Citizens' Beliefs About Democratic Values?" Political Behavior , vol. 35, no. 3, 2013, pp. 589-603 . ProQuest , https://pgcc.idm.oclc.org/login?url=https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/ online-citizen-is-social-media-changing-citizens/docview/1418096627/se-2, doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s11109-012-9208-y. Schleffer, Guy. “The Political Effects of Social Media Platforms on Different Regime Types.” Texas National Security Review , 18 Aug. 2021, https://tnsr.org/2021/07/the- political-effects-of-social-media-platforms-on-different-regime-types/. Zhuravskaya, Ekaterina, Maria Petrova, and Ruben Enikolopov. Political Effects of the Internet and Social Media. Federal Reserve Bank of St Louis, 2020 . ProQuest , https://pgcc.idm.oclc.org/login?url=https://www.proquest.com/working-papers/ political-effects-internet-social-media/docview/2586270778/se-2.

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