LAKRA, KHUSHI. Final Essay

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Feb 20, 2024

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Lakra 1 Khushi Lakra Professor Matthew Friedman 20th Century World December 2023 Understanding the History of the 20th Century Comprehending the specific impact of the legacies of the 20th century is crucial in understanding the intricacies of the current world we live in. The 20th century was a period marked by massive political, economic, and cultural transformations that formed the very foundation of the contemporary world. Globalization, international trade, war and conflict, and ideological trends are global processes and events of the last century that have significantly impacted the world we live in today. More specifically, the rise of globalization and international trade, the profound impact of World War 2, and the consequences of ethno-religious conflicts helped to shape the 20th century. The rise of globalization and international trade has had a wide-ranging and profound influence on the contemporary world, particularly in the cultural, economic, and social spheres. Globalization has brought countries worldwide closer, creating unprecedented opportunities for cultural and economic exchange (Wolf, 2010). This interconnectedness has not only allowed multinational corporations to thrive but has also empowered small businesses to access international markets and expand their operations (Wolf, 2010). Furthermore, globalization has fundamentally reshaped the world economy and permeated our daily lives in ways we often overlook. World War II stands as a pivotal event that triggered numerous political, social, and economic developments, ultimately shaping the world we inhabit today. The war concluded with

Lakra 2 the emergence of the United States and the Soviet Union as the world's two superpowers, dramatically altering the global power dynamics (Baldwin, 1875-1975). In the aftermath of the war, a new international system was established, giving birth to influential organizations such as the United Nations and the World Bank (Baldwin, 1875-1975). Moreover, the political landscape of Europe underwent a radical transformation, leading to the formation of the European Union (Baldwin, 1875-1975). Additionally, the war catalyzed the creation of the welfare state and social democracy in Europe, serving as a counterforce against political extremism. Ethno-religious conflicts have played a significant role in shaping our contemporary world. The 20th century witnessed numerous conflicts and wars between diverse ethnic and religious groups, generating many challenges that persist into the 21st century (Arendt, 1951). These challenges range from refugee and migrant crises to political instability and terrorism (Arendt, 1951). Despite the concerted efforts of international organizations like the United Nations to resolve these conflicts, they continue to persist, often defying resolution (Darby). Furthermore, conflicts such as those in the Balkans, Northern Ireland, and Rwanda remained unresolved despite numerous peace negotiations and interventions (Darby). This serves as a stark reminder of the complex nature of ethnic and religious conflicts and their profound ability to shape the course of history in unforeseen ways. In conclusion, the legacies of the 20th century have undoubtedly left a profound impact on the contemporary world. The rise of globalization and international trade has opened up new horizons for cultural exchange and economic growth. World War II, as a transformative event, brought about significant political changes and the establishment of new international systems. Simultaneously, ethno-religious conflicts persist and continue to shape our world. It is imperative to comprehensively understand these events and processes through the lens of the main themes

Lakra 3 of this course to gain a deeper understanding of their lasting impact. As the world continues to evolve rapidly, we must remain vigilant and well-informed about the profound influence of these global events on the world we inhabit today.

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Lakra 4 Works Cited: Arendt, Hannah`. “The Origins of Totalitarianism.” The Anarchist Library , 1951, theanarchistlibrary.org/library/hannah-arendt-the-origins-of-totalitarianism. Accessed 18 Dec. 2023. Latif, Muhammad Ijaz. “Globalization: Myth or Reality?” Pakistan Horizon , vol. 63, no. 4, 2010, pp. 33–49. JSTOR , http://www.jstor.org/stable/24711031. Accessed 18 Dec. 2023. Baldwin, Peter. The Politics of Social Solidarity: Class Bases of the European Welfare State, 1875–1975 . Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1990. Print. Accessed 18 Dec. 2023. Darby, John. The Durable Politics of Ethnic Warfare , 2001. Journal of Peace Research. Accessed 18 Dec. 2023.

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