GN 5182 ASD Case Study

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Azusa Pacific University *

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537

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Psychology

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Feb 20, 2024

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Case Study Part 1 The Mother’s concerns The mother has multiple concerns about her 2-year-old son, Mark. She thinks Marks appears to be different from other children when they are in the playground. Although Mark behaves very shy, he has unreasonable outburst of tantrums despite he is very affectionate and happy. Mark’s behavior worries his mother, and the mother is concerned how he will be able to tolerate the upcoming family gathering. The mother brought up the concern to his pediatrician, but she was informed that this is normal for the children in this age group. The most concerning part is Mark stands out from other children when they are in the playground. This raises the concern that Mark is at risk of having autism spectrum disorder (ASD) instead of having shy temperament. A child that is shy would still develop friendships by interacting and playing with other children with similar age (Omelańczuk & Pistula, 2020). On the other hand, a child who has ASD would be seen playing alone despite being placed in a group of children in the same age. Key Developmental Milestones for Ages 6 Months to 4 Years A 6-month-old child is considered being able to reach the developmental milestone if enjoy playing with others, especially parents, responding own name, responding other’s emotions and appears to be happy. The child would also copy other’s sounds. When he is 12 months, he should be able to communicate by using simple gestures. − Uses simple gestures, like shaking head “no” or waving “bye-bye” − Says “mama” and “dada” and exclamations like “uh-oh!” − Plays games such as “peek-a-boo” and “pat-a-cake” − Responds to simple spoken requests • 18 Months − Plays simple pretend, such as feeding a doll − Points to show

others something interesting − Likes to hand things to others as play − Says several single words • 24 Months − Says sentences with two to four words − Follows simple instructions − Gets excited when with other children − Points to things or pictures when they are named • 36 Months − Shows affection for friends without prompting − Carries on a conversation using two to three sentences − Copies adults and friends − Plays make-believe with dolls, animals, and people • 48 Months − Tells stories − Would rather play with other children than by themselves − Cooperates with other children Typical Social Skills that Most Children Obtain by 12 Months, 18 Months, and 24 Months Difference between a Child with a Shy Temperament and a Child with an Autism Spectrum Disorder Other Developmental Milestones Want to Consider Addressing Elizabeth’s Concern about Mark’s Temper Tantrums Strength of Mark and His Family Case Study Part 2 Change of Initial Reaction after Observing Mark Appropriate Play Skills for a Child Mark’s Age The Concerning Aspects of Language Development in this Case and the Optimal Language Skills by 24 Months of Age Red Flags in Mark’s Language, Social, and Behavioral Profile The Early Warning Signs for Autism Spectrum Disorder

A 2-year-old child typically has a variety of food that has different taste and textures. If the child is fixated at a specific type of food,

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References Omelańczuk, I., & Pisula, E. (2020, June 25). Correlations between temperament and autistic trait measures – quantitative or qualitative differences between children with and without autism spectrum disorders? . Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1750946720300921? ref=pdf_download&fr=RR-2&rr=849597b14fa70fb9

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