Homework 3

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Western Michigan University *

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Psychology

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Feb 20, 2024

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Homework 3 1. Suppose the covariance between agreeableness and conscientiousness was -4 and the standard deviation for introversion was 6 and the standard deviation for openness was 6. (5 Points) a. What does the covariance describe in this context? (2 Points) The covariance in this context describes a negative covariance. b. What is the correlation between agreeableness and conscientiousness (3 Points) The correlation between agreeableness and conscientiousness would be -0.1 -4 / 6 *6 = -4 / 36 = -0.1 2. You are interested in measuring IQ scores for individuals. You know that the average IQ score is 100, and the standard deviation of IQ scores is 15. Find the Z scores for the following IQ scores (10 points) a. 105: z = (105 – 100) / 15 = 0.33 b. 85: z = (85 – 100) / 15 = -1 c. 135: z = (135 – 100) / 15 = 2.33 d. 75: z = (75 – 100) / 15 = -1.67 e. 100: z = (100 – 100) / 15 = 0 3. Suppose you took measures on a novel IQ test with mean 60 and standard deviation 10 and wanted to compare an individuals score to a standard IQ test (mean = 100, standard dev = 15). What would a score of 75 on the novel IQ score be equivalent to on the standard IQ test? Show all work for full credit OR explain how you found the answer. (5 points). Z novel = (75 - 60) / 10 = 1.5 Answer: x= 122.5 Z standard = x − 100 15 = 15* 1.5 x − 100 15 = 100 + 22.5 = x – 100 = 122.5 +100

4. Suppose you were interested in making a comparison between people who really enjoy ice cream and people who really hate ice cream on a measure of agreeableness. However, one issue you ran into was the fact that you had trouble finding enough people who disliked eating ice cream. What sampling method would be appropriate to sample both people who enjoy eating ice cream that is also able to allow you to sample enough people who dislike ice cream? (5 Points) The sampling method that would be appropriate to sample both people who enjoy, and dislike ice cream would be Snowball sampling. The reason is because you are having a difficult time finding people who “dislike ice cream”. 5. A psychologist is interested in collecting data on whether people perform better on tests in either hot rooms or cold rooms and recruits participants to do so using unbiased simple random sampling. This research has been conducted and successfully replicated many times in the past. To measure temperature in each room, the psychologist simply asks participants if the room feels hot or cold and has no idea what the actual temperature is in either room. The temperature in the hot room becomes dangerously hot during the day and leaves several participants with heat exhaustion. Fully describe at least one issue with this prompt using FINERMAPS (5 Points). One issue with this prompt is that it is not Ethical since the participants were harmed in the study. The prompt mentioned how the participants that were in the hot room experienced heat exhaustion. Ethical is described as minimizing the harm to participants, confidential, and giving them the right to withdraw from the research.

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