Notes_Week_1_002612680
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Georgia State University *
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2020
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Philosophy
Date
Feb 20, 2024
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Guided Watching Notes: Video: On Being Wrong
1.
If you were to tell a friend or roommate about this video, what would you say is the speaker’s main point or message?
_____
the speaker's main message of this ted talk is to explain how it can be a great thing to embrace being wrong. She emphasizes that though it may not always feel the best after realizing you are wrong being able to switch that reaction into a learning process can help you
__________________________
2.
What reasons, examples, data, evidence does the speaker give to support her main point or message?
__
The speaker uses a multitude of examples, reasons, data, and evidence to support her main point such as; analogies from pop culture to explain the process(es) of being wrong, stories and experience from her own life, and draws on the feelings of people from the audience. ____________________________________
3.
According to the speaker, what is the difference between being wrong and knowing that you are wrong?
_____
The speaker draws a distinct line between being wrong and knowing that you are wrong. She explains that the difference lies within the fact that you can be wrong and not quite realize it, so you’re simply living in ignorance of not knowing that you are wrong. However realizing that you are wrong is a whole different set of feelings and consequences because now you are aware of your thoughts and actions and why or how they are wrong
____________________________________________________________________
4.
How could thinking critically help you either form correct beliefs or identify when you are wrong?
___
Thinking critically helps you both correct beliefs and identify when you are wrong because it forces you to analyze your thoughts in a manner that gives way to questioning things to the point where you will be able to recognize what might be wrong and how you can fix it. This will help you form correct beliefs when you are in the process of forming them and will help you correct yourself when you go back
to your previous thoughts assumptions and beliefs.
_________________________________________________________
Notes: Chapter 1: Critical Thinking, Facts, and Feelings
A fundamental concern of critical thinking is ________
a question about the quality of your beliefs _______________________________________________.
This means that critical thinking is not about what you think, but __
how
______ you think.
Critical thinking focuses not on what ___
caused
__________ a belief, but on whether it is ___
worth believing __________. A belief is worth believing, or accepting, if we have ___
good reasons
_______. The better the reasons for acceptance, the more likely the belief is to be ___
true
__________.
CRITICAL THINKING: The systematic evaluation or formulation of beliefs, or statements, by rational standards.
What makes it systematic? _
because it involves distinct procedures and methods _____________________________________
How does it entail evaluation and formulation? __
it is used to assess existing beliefs and devise new ones
____________________________________________
How does it operate according to rational standards? __
beliefs are judged by how they are supported by reason
_____________
Summarize in your own words what you have read/learned so far. __
The foundation of critical thinking is to question what your beliefs are and assure they are based on proper and good reasoning. Critical thinking is of utmost importance as without it one will be forming opinions in an ill and sometimes downright wrong manner. ____________________________
Why It Matters
A consequence of believing whatever others (such as your parents, friends, influencers, etc.) think is a loss of personal freedom.
From what you read, what does the above statement mean? ___
The above statement is bringing up the
fact that when you form opinions based solely on those around you rather than using critical thinking to form your opinions based upon your own beliefs and experiences there is a sort of personal freedom lost in of the fact that you are not thinking freely for yourself and based on what you see to be true
________________________________
Thus, in the most profound sense, critical thinking is not only enlightening but also empowering. This empowerment can take several forms. List these forms below:
_____
Skills for learning and exploring ___________________________________
_____
Defense against error, manipulation, and prejudice ________________________________
_____
tools for self discovery ____________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
In a very important sense, critical thinking is thinking outside the box. How so? ____ Critical thinking is thinking outside the box because it can be used when coming to grand, new realizations. Critical thinking
assures that these realizations are sound and structure and can be properly investigated.
________________________________
Claims and Reasons
A statement is an assertion that something ______
is or is not the case
__________. Statements, or claims, are the kinds of things that are either __
true
____ or ___
false
_____.
Explain why each of these is NOT a statement:
Does a triangle have three sides? ___
this is a question
____________________
Turn that music off. __
this is a command/request
___________________________________
Hey, dude. ____
this is a greeting
______________________________
Great balls of fire! ____
this is an exclamation
_______________________________
Statements backed by __
good
_______ reasons are worthy of ___
strong
________ acceptance. Reasons and Arguments
_____
Arguments
_________ are the main focus of critical thinking. They are the most important tool we have for evaluating the __
truth of statements
_______________ (our own and those of others) and for formulating statements that are worthy of acceptance.
The statements (reasons) given in support of another statement are called the __
premises
________. The statement that the premises are intended to support is called the ___
conclusion
________. We can define an argument, then, like this:
ARGUMENT: A group of statements in which some of them (the ____
premises
______) are intended to support another of them (the ___
conclusion
_______).
Summarize in your own words what you have learned in this section of the text about arguments and the relationship between premises and conclusions. __
I have learned that argumentation is the basis of proper critical thinking as they help us see the truth of statements and assess them. Furthermore I have learned that a good argument consists of both premises and a conclusion that is seamless and factual. ________________________________________
Sometimes people also confuse explanations with arguments. An argument gives us reasons for believing that __
something is the case
________—that a claim is __
ture or probably true
_________. An explanation, though, tells us why or ___
how something is the case _____________. Arguments have something to prove; explanations do not.
What are indicator words? __
Indicator words signal that a premise or conclusion is present
_______________________________________
List some examples of premise indicator words: __
beacause, given that, seeing that, as, since, for, the reason being, assuming that, due to the fact
________________________________________________
List some examples of conclusion indicator words: __
therefore, thus, it follows that, it must be that, so, hence, ergo, as a result, consequently, which implies that,
____________________________
Probably the best advice for anyone trying to uncover or dissect arguments is this: Find the _______
conclusion
____________________ first.
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