United 232 Assignment
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The DC-10 crew of United Flight 232, which faced an unprecedented engine failure and all
hydraulic system failure and subsequent loss of control in 1989, is often cited as a prime example
of leadership and professionalism in high-pressure situations. Their actions offer several valuable
lessons for effective leadership and professionalism during crises.
In the video, Captain Haynes emphasized five key terms that were essential for their survival:
preparation, communication, cooperation, execution, and luck. He also highlighted calm under
pressure and flexible application of knowledge during his speech.
1.
Preparation
The crew's effectiveness during this crisis can be attributed to their extensive training and
preparation. They have practiced emergency procedures numerous times, which helps
them respond more effectively when they encounter unexpected situations. Although the
emergency they were facing was so unique and never happened before, they could still
get some idea from their training about emergency procedure during engine failure and
hydraulic failure. Their training maintained their proficiency and get them prepared for
emergency events. This highlights the importance of ongoing training and preparation for
leaders and their teams.
2.
Communication
Effective communication was key to their success. Captain Haynes and his crew
understood the critical importance of clear communication during a crisis. While
maintaining control of the aircraft, they communicated with ATC and declare their
situation clearly. To help them, ATC established open and effective communication
channels among themselves and the flight crew. This allowed the flight crew to share
information, coordinate their efforts, and make informed decisions. Both crew and ATC
demonstrated professionalism during crises. Up-to-date information for both sides helped
the crew to take the aircraft to an airport that is totally ready for it.
3.
Cooperation
The flight crew, along with the assistance of a DC-10 training instructor who happened to
be a passenger, worked collaboratively to problem-solve and control the aircraft. For
example, the throttle. With mid row throttle locked, is became difficult to control the left
and right throttle at the same time. And the DC-10 instructor took that job so that both
Captain and FO could focus on yoke (elevator and aileron) and communication with
ATC. Effective teamwork is vital in high-pressure situations as it ensures that everyone is
on the same page and working toward a common goal.
4.
Execution
All crew members and ATC executed their jobs perfectly. Pilots maintain positive control
of the aircraft while ATC gave them a completely clear channel and cleared the highway
and airport for them. It was their professional operation and correct execution of their
duties that saved more than half of the lives on board the aircraft.
5.
Calm under pressure
Captain Haynes and his crew as well as ATC remained remarkably calm throughout the
crisis, despite facing an unprecedented situation. Their ability to stay calm helped
maintain a sense of control among the crew and passengers. Their professionalism and
composure reassured passengers and contributed to a more controlled evacuation once
the plane crash-landed. As Captain Haynes stated, if ATC starts to panic, it will affect the
crew. If the crew starts to panic, all passengers will be affected and panic even more. This
demonstrated the importance of leaders maintaining a calm demeanor to inspire
confidence and prevent panic.
6.
Flexible application of knowledge
When traditional methods of controlling the aircraft failed, the crew adapted by using
differential thrust from the remaining engines to maintain level flight control the aircraft's
direction. When the first officer started to losing control of the aircraft and the aircraft
started to roll, Captain Haynes found a solution by using different thrust to create
different lift and thus maintain level flight. For the rest of the flight, they used differential
thrust from the remaining engines to partially control the aircraft and managed to fly it
toward an airport for an emergency landing. This ability to adapt and find solutions
demonstrated effective leadership in crisis situations.
7.
Luck
Captain Haynes underlined the importance of luck by mentioning about location,
weather, time, etc. However, in my opinion, without the concept stated previously, luck
cannot take the aircraft to ground safely.
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