FE Flexibility Lab #4

Lab Instructions: Each group will be at the station for 12 total minutes . This time includes familiarization with the measurement or equipment, and measurement of individuals. Whole Class Warm Up – 3-4 minutes. Station 1 – Sit and Reach Test 1. Read through the sit and reach directions and ensure proper set up. 2. Identify one partner as the client and one as the fitness professional. 3. The fitness professional must walk the client through each step of the process. 4. Measurements (Include 1 client and yourself): Male/Female Age Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Category Female 19 28 25 26 Very good Female 19 21 26 23 Good Station 2 – Upper Body Goniometer Time Permitting 1. Identify the 2 arms of the goniometer. 2. Read through the provided goniometer instructions. 3. Identify the locations of measurement for the below measurements: 4. Shoulder Flexion (x3) 5. Shoulder Extension (x3) 6. Wrist Extension (x3) 7. Measurements can be done on the same subject or different subjects: Male/Female Age Shoulder Flex./Elbow flexion /Wrist Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Female 19 Shoulder flexion 174 175 175 Female 19 Wrist extension 87 86 88 Female 19 Elbow Flexion 40 42 45 EXS 283 Lab #4 – Flexibility (ACSM Guidelines) – 15 points total (10 participation) Lab Instructions: Station 1 – Sit and Reach Test; Station 2 – Upper Body Goniometer; Station 3 – Lower Body Goniometer Name: Cara Wlodarczyk Date: 9/20/23

Station 3 – Lower Body Goniometer Time Permitting 1. Identify the 2 arms of the goniometer 2. Read through the provided goniometer instructions (unless previously done) 3. Identify the locations of measurement for the below measurements: 4. Hip Flexion (x3) 5. Knee Flexion (x3) 6. Ankle Plantarflexion (x3) 7. Measurements can be done on the same subject or different subjects: Male/Female Age Hip/Knee/Ankle Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Female 19 Hip 65 60 55 Female 19 Knee 50 54 53 Female 19 Ankle 150 155 153 Questions (5 pts) 1. What tests come before the flexibility tests? Why? a. The Par-Q and risk stratification paperwork comes before the flexibility tests, to make sure the client has no underlying issues or injuries. We also measure heart rate, blood pressure, and body composition to get an idea of the shape that the client is in and for safety purposes to monitor how they are doing during various tests. 2. What does the sit and reach test measure? What might cause error? a. Sit and reach test measures hamstring, back, and calf flexibility. It could be inaccurate if you have a client with height that is not distributed evenly between their legs and torso. For example, if a client has shorter legs, but a long torso, I think it would be easier to reach forward further. The client could also have tight muscles from the room temperature, exercising in previous days, or underlying injuries, which could all cause the results to be less accurate. 3. How would the results from the sit and reach test correlate with goniometer measurements? a. Results from sit and reach could correlate with hip and shoulder goniometer measurements. If you did poorly on the hip goniometer tests, you may also not be able to hinge your hips to reach far on the sit and reach tests. The flexibility of your shoulders may also influence how far you reach on the sit and reach, because if you can roll your shoulders forward, it can add a couple inches to your results. 4. Why is it important to have various tools that can test/measure flexibility? a. It is important to measure flexibility in various ways to see the client’s strengths and weaknesses. If you were to only use the sit and reach test to measure lower body

Goniometer Directions and Charts (ACSM, CSJM University, Physiotherapy) Goniometry is derived from 2 Greek words: ‘gonio’ meaning angle and ‘metron’ meaning measurement. Goniometry refers to the measurement of angles. In this case, those angles created at human joints by the bones of the body. Parts of the goniometer - Body: Resembles a protractor and may form a half circle or a full circle. The scales on the half circle read from 0-180 degrees. The scales on the full circle read from 0-360 degrees. - Arms: The universal goniometer has two arms o Stationary arm: the structural part of the body of the goniometer and cannot be moved independently from the body. o Movable arm: Attached to the center of the body by a screw-like device allowing the arm to move freely. The length of the goniometer ranges depending on its use. As a physical or occupational therapist, you may use very small goniometers for finger and toe measurements. Uses of the goniometer - Developing a prognosis, treatment goals, or plans. - Evaluating progress of lack of progress. - Modifying treatment. - Motivating patients. - There are many uses for goniometer measurements.

Procedure - Position & stabilize the patient properly. - Move the body part through the appropriate range of motion. - Determine end range of motion (end feel). - Palpate the appropriate bony landmarks. - Align the measuring arms with the landmarks. - Locate starting position and end position (provide range) - Read and record the measurements correctly. Shoulder Flexion 1. Patient lies supine with knees flexed, allowing the back to remain flat on the table. 2. Goniometer axis location: Middle of the humeral head on the lateral side. 3. Goniometer stationary arm: parallel with the trunk/midaxillary line. 4. Goniometer movement arm: in line with the midline of the humerus (lateral epicondyle) Elbow Flexion 1. Patient lies supine with hand supinated. 2. Goniometer axis location: lateral epicondyle of the elbow. 3. Goniometer stationary arm: parallel with the humerus. 4. Goniometer movement arm: parallel with the radius.

5. Goniometer movement arm: parallel with longitudinal axis of the femur in line with the lateral femoral condyle Knee Flexion 1. Patient lies supine with legs extended and a towel under the ankle. 2. Patient brings hip up to 90 degrees then moves the knee into flexion. 3. Goniometer axis location: lateral epicondyle of the femur. 4. Goniometer stationary arm: along the femur to the greater trochanter. 5. Goniometer movement arm: along the fibula to lateral malleolus Ankle Plantarflexion 1. Patient is supine with a test leg extended.

2. Ankle should begin at 90 degrees. 3. Goniometer axis: lateral calcaneus at bisection of fibula + 5 th metatarsal. 4. Goniometer stationary arm: parallel to the fibula. 5. Goniometer movement arm: parallel with 5 th metatarsal. 6. Do not move the movement arm in line with the toes, it must be in line with the base of the foot. https://www.shoulder-pain-explained.com/elbow-range-of-motion.html