ER 326 Assessment 6A Wrap Up

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Grand Canyon University *

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326

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Communications

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Feb 20, 2024

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Kaitlin Bishop Mari Lynn Phifer Brittany Steele Assessment Wrap Up Copy and paste this entire test into a Microsoft Word Document. Create a header and put all group members in alphabetical order. Now that you have copied this assignment and pasted it into a Word document, you will only need to type the responses in the appropriate places. Prepare your narrative in 14font, Times New Roman. When examples are required, give concrete examples. Pick two areas on which you would like to see a child grow based on your information presented in the required text and/or time you have spent in actual classrooms during Field Experiences. Each area will be tailored toward literacy acquisition and can be alphabet knowledge, early writing, phonological awareness, book knowledge, expressive or receptive vocabulary, or print awareness . Then develop a rubric for the skill you want the child to develop. Remember this must be at the age level of the child. Format: Age of Child ___5 years old_____________________ Focus area #1 ____alphabet knowledge__________________ Reason the child needs to grow in the area: The reason that the child needs to grow in alphabet knowledge is that alphabet knowledge is the foundation for reading. The child must have a solid foundation in alphabet knowledge before they are able to form words. Students must be able to determine the difference in numbers and letters as well as automatically know the

Kaitlin Bishop Mari Lynn Phifer Brittany Steele name of letters and sounds. Without alphabet knowledge, students will not be able to read fluently; therefore, students will struggle with comprehending what they read. The child must be able to read fluently to have the best educational success. Alphabet Knowledge Rubric This rubric will be used to assess alphabet knowledge. Proficient Emerging Beginning Letter Name Recognition I can identify all of my letters. I can identify some of my letters. I cannot identify my letters. Letter Sound Correspondence I can identify all sounds of the alphabet. I can identify some sounds of the alphabet. I cannot identify sounds of the alphabet. Age of the child:____5 years old_________ Focus area #2 __book knowledge____________ Reason the child needs to grow in the area: The child needs to grow in book knowledge. Book knowledge is a foundational skill for students to learn how to read and use books. Students must know concepts of book titles, authors, front and back of books, and reading from left to right. The child will gain a better understanding of book knowledge the more they are introduced to books. Reading books is a foundation for all subjects and necessary for academic success.

Kaitlin Bishop Mari Lynn Phifer Brittany Steele 2. Refer to the properties such as reliability and validity that go into test selection. Select two properties. Then, write a minimum of one paragraph for each property. 1 st Property ______________Reliability______________ Explanation: As the textbook states on page 86, “Reliability refers to consistency, dependability, or stability.” A test must produce results that are consistent. Without consistent test results there is no dependability in a test. Once there is a consistent and dependable test result then a test has stability. These three factors ensure the reliability of a test. 2 nd Property_____________Validity_______________ Explanation: As stated in the textbook on page 86, “Validity refers to the extent to which an instrument measures what it is supposed to measure. It tells how the results are meaningful.” Factors such as anxiety, speaking a different language, motivation, understanding of instruction, should all be considered when thinking of the validity of a test. Validity can be affected if a child is sick. Validity cannot be determined based on one test score.

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Kaitlin Bishop Mari Lynn Phifer Brittany Steele Explain 5 things ( number, list, and explain ) to consider in selecting a test. Delineate why each is important in one paragraph. There should be a total of five paragraphs. 1. Content Validity : This is one of the most important issues when selecting a test. It refers to what characteristic the test measures and how well the test measures that characteristic. Content Validity refers to the actual content of the test. When given a test that is valid in content it should examine all the aspects that define the objectives. It is important that you define the topics in the test before authorizing. Validity will tell you how good a test is for a particular situation. 2. Reliability : This refers to how dependably or consistently a test measures a characteristic reliably. It is important that you only use reliable assessment instruments and procedures. You also need to use assessment tools that are appropriate for the specific topic. It is said that a test that has similar test scores for a person who repeats the test is said to measure a characteristic reliably. Reliability will tell you how trustworthy a score on that test will be. 3. Fairness : Every student deserves an equal opportunity to demonstrate what he/she understands and can do. Fairness in testing can be subdivided into three categories: bias, cultural sensitivity, and accessibility to special populations. The accessibility to special populations is for the English Language Learners and special education students. It is crucial that we allow every student to have that equal opportunity and give the students the chance they deserve. I personally believe the child will succeed better if we give them the fair chance in the classroom. 4. Student Engagement and Motivation : This is very important while selecting tests. A student can be motivated to do his/her best in an assessment when motivated to do so. The students are highly likely to remain engaged and give their best effort whenever there are meaningful personal consequences associated with his/her test performance. Students tend to do better on tests when the teachers motivate them to give their best efforts. When they see how excited the teacher is about them doing their very best they tend to want to try their best. Engagement speaks to the efforts that the students are putting into the assessments. Engagement

Kaitlin Bishop Mari Lynn Phifer Brittany Steele can be observed through numerous things. External motivations to demonstrate engagement can come by offering prizes and rewards to your students. 5. Consequential Relevance : This is referring to how educators want to understand the data and use it to adjust their instruction and better their support. Assessment data is crucial in helping to inform a variety of different decisions. This resides in the utility of its data to help inform different decisions that help educators make. Accessing the students is very important to educators and they want the instructional time administering and scoring all the tests to be worth it. The data can help us be aware if the student has shown proficiency on a state summative exam or if they have performed well enough to earn any credits for college and so on. It is important for us as educators to take the useful data and help us make the changes we need to make so that our students become more successful. 3. How are you going to recognize individual variations in learning and development that exceed the typical range? As a teacher, we would recognize the individual variations in learning and development that exceeds the typical range by assessing each student individually to see where they are at in their development. I would also use one of the assessment tools such as observing the students or use an informal assessment when looking for variations in each student’s learning and development.

Kaitlin Bishop Mari Lynn Phifer Brittany Steele 3.A. How will appropriate learning experiences be planned? Example 1: The appropriate learning experiences that the teachers will plan and provide for the students will be during whole group circle time. During circle time, the students will learn through a whole group class discussion about a book that was just read to them. The students will be asked questions about the book and the characters. Example 2: Another appropriate learning experience that students will receive from the teacher is checking their alphabet knowledge. The teacher will plan to go over the letters of the alphabet with the students to help them learn and see what they know about the alphabet. This way teachers can ensure that the students understand that the letters of the alphabet are important and make words using the letters. 4. Explain the differences between formative and summative assessment in one to two paragraphs. Formative assessments are given throughout teaching the information. They give the educator insight on what needs to be reviewed or where there is need for improvement. It is used for planning instruction. It is recommended to do formative assessments frequently. Unlike formative assessments, summative assessments are given at the end of a unit to determine if the content was

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Kaitlin Bishop Mari Lynn Phifer Brittany Steele understood. Summative assessments should be done toward either the end of the semester or end of year. Give two specific examples of a formative assessment ( Note the page number from the textbook .): 1. Portfolios throughout the child’s work. page 67 This helps us keep the students' work that has already been graded and reviewed. It allows you to keep the one aggregate assessment by demonstrating the application of skills and concepts learned in the classroom. It can be anything that includes samples of writing the child has done. It can be a test that the child has completed or pictures of the child in the classroom. It can also be notes from the teacher about specific accomplishments and self-assessments by the student. 2. Documentation panels throughout the child’s work. page 67 This allows the educator to capture a child’s learning through visuals and language. This is a great way to show the students work in the classroom and display it. It is a great way to show the students’ progress throughout the year. You can organize the information to tell a certain story. It is also nice to think about what pieces of information best represent the child’s thinking or questions. Give two specific examples of a summative assessment ( Note the page number from the textbook .): 1. Portfolios at the end of the child’s level of work.page 65

Kaitlin Bishop Mari Lynn Phifer Brittany Steele Portfolios can be helpful for the next teacher during the new school year. They are used for keeping students’ previous work and this could also be given to families at the end of the year. Having portfolios at the end of the year shows students their current knowledge of the content that has been gone over throughout the year. 2. Documentation panels at the end of the child’s level of work. page 67 Documentation panels provide teachers to document on the progress of their students and the students’ growth and teachers do this as a whole-class summaries. Teachers document these summaries of their students’ knowledge, skills, and dispositions. This is helpful to the teachers because it shows where their students are in their development. 5. Explain the differences between formal and informal assessment strategies. Formal assessment strategies have solid proof of the child’s progression. Examples of formal assessment strategies are running records and data- based decisions. The data-based decisions are based on formal assessments, an example of a kindergarten formal assessment would be Star Early Literacy. Informal assessments are just informal notes or documentation to show the child’s progress. Examples of these would be observations or anecdotal notes, class journals, and checklists. These are all not data based but mostly based on observation on what the child can accomplish.

Kaitlin Bishop Mari Lynn Phifer Brittany Steele Give two specific examples of a formal assessment ( Note the page number from the textbook .): 1. Observation records page 42 2. Class journals page 58 Give two specific examples of an informal assessment ( Note the page number from the textbook .): 1. Data-based decision making page 42 2. Running records page 51 How will what was learned in the course help you be a better educator/assessor? Each student in the group will respond for himself/herself. The student’s name should be typed and then his/her response after the name. Student’s Name___________Kaitlin Bishop_________________ I have learned numerous things in this class that will be helpful for me and my future classroom. I have learned about different assessments in this class that will help me become a better educator. I have learned about informal, formal, summative, and formative assessments that will help me be a better teacher for my students. We have done different projects that have given me a better insight on certain topics. My favorite assignment was when we created our own interactive board from the Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs. I have learned different assignments that I can take with me to my future classroom. I want to put my students' needs first so that they can be successful. I have really enjoyed learning new ways to focus on the needs of the students. This will help me be the best teacher that I can be.

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Kaitlin Bishop Mari Lynn Phifer Brittany Steele Students Name_____Mari Lynn Phifer_________________________ Everything learned in this class will better help me to know how to assess students. It will help me using informal and formal assessments, and I will also be familiar with formative and summative assessments. I will be able to give my children simple rubrics to help them understand the grading of their work. I will have the needed knowledge of assessment to assess my students to know how to plan my instruction to best fit my students’ educational needs. Student’s Name___Brittany Steele____________________________ I’ve learned a lot from this class. The information that I have learned will help me as an educator/assessor to better understand my students and to see where they are at by conducting assessments with each individual student. In my classroom, I would use observations, informal, formal, formative, and summative assessments for my students to check to see where they are at in their learning development. I am familiar with these assessment strategies, and they would be very beneficial for me as a teacher, and it is beneficial for the students as well. I enjoyed learning ways to assess students in this class and to meet their needs.

ER 326 Assessment 6A Wrap Up

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