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Alcohols are acidic in nature. Therefore, a strong base can abstract the acidic hydrogen atom of the alcohol in a process known as deprotonation. The alcohol forms an alkoxide ion by losing the proton attached to the oxygen atom of the hydroxyl ( -OH) group. The alkoxide formed can act as a base or a nucleophile depending on the substrate and reaction conditions. However, not all bases can abstract the acidic proton of alcohols and not all alcohols easily lose the proton. Deprotonation depends on the strength of the base and the acidity of the alcohol. Strong bases, such as NaNH2, can easily abstract a proton from almost all alcohols. Likewise, more acidic alcohols lose a proton more easily. Determine which of the following reactions would undergo deprotonation based on the strength of the base and the acidity of the alcohol. Check all that apply. ► View Available Hint(s) CH3CH,OH + NH3 →CH,CH,O-NH CH3 CH3 H3C-C-H+NH3 → H3 C-C-H OH O-NH CH3CH2OH + NaNH, → CH3CH,O-Na* + NH3 CHC12 Cl₂…

Draw the structure(s) of the major organic product(s) of the following reaction. Draw a structural formula for the enol form of the carbonyl compound below.

What explains why many aldehydes and ketones can undergo self- condensation reactions in basic conditions? The alpha carbon can lose a proton and act like a nucleophile and the carbonyl carbon a an electrophile O The alpha carbon can gain a proton and act like an electrophile and the carbonyl carbon is a nucleophile O The oxygen of the carbonyl group can attack the carbon of the carbonyl group Only esters can undergo self-condensation reactions

When trichloroacetaldehyde is dissolved in water, almost all of it is converted to the hydrate. Chloral hydrate, the product of the reaction, is a sedative that can be lethal. A cocktail laced with it is known—in detective novels, at least—as a “Mickey Finn.” Explain why an aqueous solution of trichloroacetaldehyde is almost all hydrate.

Complete the following reaction sequence with the missing major organic products. CH, NaOH CH,CH,CH,CHCH,CHCH,CEN H20 NaOH H,0 CH,CH,

5. Describe an efficient synthesis of  1-methyl-1-cyclohexanol from cyclohexanol. Show the structure of the reagents, reactants and products from each step.     Cyclohexanol ------->   ----->   1-methyl-1-cyclohexanol

Write a mechanism that accounts for the formation of ethyl isopropyl ether as one of the products in the following reaction. CI OEt HCI EtOH Write the mechanism for step one of this reaction. Show lone pairs and formal charges. Only the acidic hydrogen should be drawn out with a covalent bond. Write the mechanism for step two of this reaction (where the product of step one reacts with the solvent, ethanol). Show lone pairs and formal charges. Only the acidic hydrogen should be drawn out with a covalent bond. Write the mechanism for the last step of this reaction (formation of ethyl isopropyl ether). Show lone pairs and formal charges. Only the acidic hydrogen should be drawn out with a covalent bond. CI will act as the base in this reaction.

Draw the product of the reaction between a ketone and an alcohol. Include all hydrogen atoms in the product.     How would you classify the product of the reaction? Note that a hemiacetal formed from a ketone is also called a hemiketal; an acetal formed from a ketone is also called a ketal. The product is an alcohol. The product is a ketal The product is a ketone. The product is a hemiketal.

What is required to complete the following reaction? O 1) HCI 2) CH3CH2OH 1) NaOH 2) CH3CH2CH3 1) CH3CH2CH2MgBr/ether 2) HC1 1) NaH 2)CH3CH2C1 CH3CH₂CH₂OH H3C H₂ H₂ CH3

What is required to complete the following reaction? O 1) PPH3=CH2 2)NaBH4 O H₂NNH2/KOH O 1) CH3MgBr., ether 2) KOH O NaOH/H₂0 H3C 0= C H₂ CH3 H3C H₂ C H₂ CH3

Use the following reagent table for the reaction of : cyclohexanol + H2 SO4 → cyclohexene Chemical MW (g/mol) Density (g/mL) mmols used Amount used cyclohexanol 100.16 0.9624 1.50 mL Sulfuric Acid 98.08 1.83 1.0 mL cyclohexene 82.14 How many mmols of sulfuric acid are used? (answer with 2 decimal places, no units)

An organic chemistry student combines sodium amide and an alkyne. The major ion product of that reaction is then combined with an aldehyde, followed by a work-up with pyridine. Which of the following functional groups will be in the major product? aldehyde ketone alkyne alcohol alkene Grignard reagent O amide

Connect functional groups with reaction conditions

Select the best answer. Briefly explain the selection. A mechanism is an acceptable explanation.

Describe how 1-ethylcyclohexanol can be prepared from cyclohexane. You can use any inorganic reagents, any solvents, and any organic reagents as long as they contain no more than two carbons.