BIOL Lab Report

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Midland College *

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1106

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Chemistry

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Dec 6, 2023

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The Effects of Honey on Carbon Dioxide Produced during Alcohol Fermentation in Yeast Retha (Kaleigh) LaForge Lab Partner: Kaylee Westenburg BIOL1106.015 05 November 2023
Introduction: Fermentation is the process that uses an organic molecule to regenerate NAD+ from NADH that allows organisms to convert energy for their use in the absence of oxygen, also known as anaerobic cellular respiration. The reaction used throughout the duration of this report is Carbohydrate + GlucoseGlycolysis 2 Pyruvate ( 3 C ) Fermentation CarbonDioxide + Ethanol + 2 ATP. The carbohydrate involved in the reaction being honey. During fermentation, energy was produced from glucose, through glycolysis which in this study resulted in the production of carbon dioxide. “How will the addition of honey increase the amount of carbon dioxide produced?” was the question at stake for this reaction. The hypothesis tested was “The addition of honey will increase the amount of carbon dioxide produced by fermentation in yeast.” Material and Methods: Five 10mL test tubes were labeled numerically 1 through 5. In addition to five larger test tubes labeled numerically 1 through 5. Honey was added to each 10mL test tube except for tube 1. Tube 1 severed as a control without honey for comparison. Tube 2 received 2mL of honey, tube 3 received 3mL of honey, and tube 4 and 5 both received 4mL of honey each. Next, 3 mL of yeast and 3 mL of glucose was added to each 10 mL tube excluding tube 5. Tube 5 served as a control containing only honey and water for comparison. Deionized water, the last substance added to each 10mL tube excluding tube 4. 4mL of DI water was added to tube 1, 2 mL of DI water added to tube 2, 1 mL of DI water added to tube 3, and 6 mL of DI water added to tube 5. Inverted both tubes the smaller 10 mL test tube held by a pen, placed into a larger test tube created the
respirometer. The initial height of the bubble was measured in each set of tubes, and recorded observations. All five pairs of test tubes placed into 40 ° C water bath. Measured and recorded the actual height of the bubble in each set of test tubes in millimeters every five minutes for twenty minutes. Subtracted the initial amount from the actual amount in each tube during each interval and to calculate the amount of carbon dioxide present in each tube during each interval. Graphed the data from tubes 2, 3, and 4. Results: The amount of CO2 produced ranged from 0mm to 10mm. The amount of CO2 produced with 2 mL honey was the lowest. The amounts between 3ml Honey and 4mL both showed values above the others. All 3 amounts of honey showed increasing values in CO2 as time passed. The rate at which the amounts of CO2 increased varied depending on the amount of honey. Time (min) Actual (mm) Initial (mm) CO2 (mm) 5 7 7 0 10 8 7 1 15 11 7 4 20 14 7 7 Tube 2: 2mL Honey, 3mL Yeast, 2mL DI water, and 3mL of Glucose Time (min) Actual (mm) Initial (mm) CO2 (mm) 5 6 5 1 10 7 5 2 15 10 5 5 20 15 5 10 Tube 2: 3mL Honey, 3mL Yeast, 1mL DI water, and 3mL of Glucose Time (min) Actual (mm) Initial (mm) CO2 (mm) 5 5 4 1 10 8 4 4 15 10 4 6 20 12 4 8 Tube 2: 4mL Honey, 3mL Yeast, and 3mL of Glucose
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Discussion: Fermentation in yeast will increase with the addition of honey to the reaction. The results proved this to be an inaccurate statement. The amount of CO2 produced when 4mL of honey was added to the reaction after twenty minutes was 8 mm of CO2, compared to 10 mm of CO2 when 3mL of honey was added after twenty minutes. Thus, more CO2 was produced with 3mL of honey instead of 4mL which also resulted in more fermentation taking place within the reaction with 3mL of honey compared to 4mL of honey. The more production of CO2, concisely the more fermentation to occur in the 3mL sample proves that the honey does not necessarily increase fermentation since it was lower in the 4 mL honey sample. However, if I were to do this experiment again, I would have more trials of each specific amount of honey. For instance, I would do multiple trials with the contents of 2mL, 3mL, and 4mL of honey instead of just one of each. I would also use a more accurate measurement tool, or double check my measurements to eliminate sources of error. Since more fermentation occurred in the lower 3 mL amount of honey than the larger 4 mL amount of honey, the addition of honey to the fermentation in yeast does not increase the fermentation.