Spectrophotometry Post Lab
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Spring 2023 CHEM 120
Chemical Kinetics Post-Lab Questions
Make sure that your responses to these discussion questions is legible, if your responses are
illegible they will not receive credit. We suggest that you type your responses. Using the data that
you collected and wrote in your lab notebook during lab, organize your data into the required tables
or graphs. Make sure that you format the table properly, i.e. include a title and labels for your
columns, etc. Also make sure your plots are properly formatted and clearly labeled.
1.
In a single table, tabulate your calibration curve data points. Make sure to include all
proper labels and units for your solutions, concentrations, and Absorbance values. (2
points).
Concentration (M)
Absorbance
100%
0.154
50%
0.090
25%
0.056
12.5%
0.043
Unknown
0.065
750 NM
0.048
1.
Attach your plot for your calibration curve. Please format your graph including a title,
axis-labels and units. Include your best fit line displaying the appropriate slope,
y-intercept and R
2
value. (2 points).
1.
Should the trendline for the absorbance vs concentration plot be forced through the
origin? Why or why not? Please provide your answer in paragraph form. (3 points)
It should not be forced through the origin becaus eit would alter the slope drastically and it
would also alter the y-intercept and r squared value as well. Also, absorbance cannot equal
0 because this means that no light was absorbed which is not true other than when you are
calibrating the spectrophotometer.
1.
If (0,0) was added to your data set, would that be equivalent to forcing the trendline
through the origin? Why or why not? Please provide your answer in paragraph form.
(3 points)
No, it would not be the same because is you plugged in (0,0) into y = 427x+0.0257, you
would get the same y-intercept. The trendline would not go through (0,0), it wuld be just like
adding another data value.
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Related Questions
How can the reaction rate for a low pressure gaseous reactant be slow at high temperatures?
Group of answer choices
Particles may not have the correct orientation and/or low collision frequency.
Particles may have low collision frequency and/or do not have enough surface area.
Particles may not have the correct orientation and/or do not have enough energy.
Particles may not have enough energy and/or low collision frequency.
Particles may not have enough energy and/or do not have enough surface area.
Particles may not have the correct orientation and/or do not have enough surface area.
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Can someone help me solve this I'm completely lost
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За.
Bromine and methanoic acid react in aqueous solution.
Br, (aq) + HCO0Н (ад) — 2Br (aq) + 2H" (аq) + Со, (g)
The reaction was monitored by measuring the volume of carbon dioxide produced as time
progressed.
o 5 10 15 20 25
[Source: © International Baccalaureate Organization 2019]
30
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
Time / s
[Source: © International Baccalaureate Organization 2019]
Determine from the graph the rate of reaction at 20 s, in cm³ s1, showing your working.
3b.
Outline, with a reason, another property that could be monitored to measure the rate of this
reaction.
3c.
Describe one systematic error associated with the use of the gas syringe, and how the error
affects the calculated rate.
3d.
Identify one error associated with the use of an accurate stopwatch.
Volume of carbon dioxide / cm
T m mm mo
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Show ALL your steps, work and details in your calculations, use GRASPS: Given, Required, Analysis, Solution, and Paraphrase to answer the question, it is required. Answer in complete sentences and therefore statements.
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www-awn.aleks.com
Significant Figures Counter
Chapter 5. The Nervous System-Neurolo...
https://learn-us-east-1-prod-fleet01-xyth...
ALEKS Sabina Lamgadhey Learn
ALEKS Sabina Lamg
O CHEMICAL REACTIONS
Solving for a reactant using a chemical equation
Sabin
Green plants use light from the Sun to drive photosynthesis. Photosynthesis is a chemical reaction in which water (H,O) and carbon dioxide (CO,) chemically
react to form the simple sugar glucose (CH206) and oxygen gas (0,).
What mass of simple sugar glucose is produced by the reaction of 8.45 g of water?
Be sure your answer has the correct number of significant digits.
x10
Explanation
Check
2/2020 McGraw-Hill Education, All Rights Reserved.
Tems of Use
Privac
10
MacBook Air
F3
F4
F5
F6
II
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What are limitations and improvements in this experiment and source of errors
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Pre-lab questions
1. The stock concentration values cannot be used as the initial concentrations for the calculation
of the reaction rate. Briefly explain.
2. Using these data, determine the order of reaction with respect to reactant A.
A + B + C+ D
Trial #1
Trial #2
Trial #3
[A], M
[B], M
0.16
0.32
0.16
0.16
0.08
0.16
Rate, M/s
4.0x10*
8.0x10*
1.6x10*
3. Determine the order of reaction with respect to reactant B.
4. Calculate the rate constant for this reaction of A and B.
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Answer 1 and 2. Show complete solution.
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You continue with the Arrhenius Plot with the
slope of the curve to be approximately -12,500
K and the Arrhenius factor of 4.367 E10
hours^-1. What is the shelf life of the drug at 22
C? What is the shelf life at 4 C? Be sure to
show your calculations.
Arrhenius Plot
-8
-10
-12
-14
-16
-18
0.0026
0.0028
0.0030
0.0032
0.003
1/T
In (k)
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Name (please print):
Fall 2022
Basic Laboratory Operations
Post Lab Questions
1.) Suppose you're attempting to measure the density of a liquid that is highly volatile (it evaporates
quickly). If you first measure the mass and then several minutes later you measure the volume of the
liquid will the measured density be higher than the true value, lower than the true value, or the true
density of the liquid. [It helps to understand this problem with the density equation.]
2.) Suppose you're attempting to measure the density of a liquid that is highly volatile (it evaporates
quickly). If you first measure the volume and then several minutes later you measure the mass of the
liquid will the measured density be higher than the true value, lower than the true value, or the true
density of the liquid. [It helps to understand this problem with the density equation.]
3.) You're attempting to calculate the density of an alloy. The alloy is in the shape of a cylinder. If the
mass of the alloy is…
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Run
Reactants
Temperature (Celsius)
Initial Rate (kPa/s)
1
10 ml 3% H2O2 = 5ml 0.5M KI
23.0
0.0798
2
5ml 3% H2O2 = 5ml 0.5 M KI
23.0
0.0391
3
5ml 3% H2O2 + 10ml 0.5 M KI
23.0
0.0794
Run
Initial Rate (mol/L*s)
[H2O2] after mixing
[I-] after mixing
1
3.24 x 10^-5
0.147 M
0.0417 M
2
1.59 x 10^-5
0.0733 M
0.417 M
3
3.23 x 10^-5
0.0733 M
0.0833 M
Calculate the rate law for the reaction
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L
Consider the following
mechanism for the
oxidation of bromide
ions by hydrogen
peroxide in aqueous
acid solution.
Elementary Step 1
H+ + H₂O₂ = {H₂O*-
OH) (rapid
equilibrium)
Elementary Step 2
(H₂O*-OH) + Br¨ →
HOBr + H₂O (slowest)
Elementary Step 3
HOBr+ H+ + Br¯ → Br₂ +
H₂O (fast)
Consider the reaction
profile below. What is
the approximate
activation energy (Ea)
for elementary step 2?
7
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I got #8a correct, but #8b is incorrect and I can’t figure out why? Please help.
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3. The decomposition of N2O5 in the gas phase was studied at constant temperature,
2N2O5 (g) → 4NO2 (g) + O2(g)
The following results were collected:
find
nature)
N2O5]
0.1000
Ln[N2O5]
-2.30
2.65
2.99
-3.69
-4.38
-5.08
a. Complete the table. Using the data and graph paper, plot the [N2O5] versus time and
Time (s)
10g.
(LN)
0.0707
0.0500
50
0.0250
100
0.0125
200
0.00625
300
400
Ln[N2O5] versus time. Determine the value of k. Which graph did
you use?
graph
*b. On your graph of [N2O5] versus time, highlight the times it takes for each halving of
the reactant concentration. What is the half-life? Using this half-life calculate k.
design experiments to find the activation energy,
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21. The following data was obtained in a chemical kinetics experiment in which the concentration was
measured every second. Determine the average rate of chemical consumption between 2 s and 6 s.
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Nitric oxide gas (NO) reacts with chlorine gas according to the chemical
equation given below.
½CI2
The following initial rates of reaction have been measured for the given
NO
+1
->
NOCI
reagent concentrations.
Experiment
Rate (M/hr)
[NO] (M)
[Cl2] (M)
1
1.19
0.50
0.50
4.79
1.00
0.50
3.
9.59
1.00
1.00
What is the rate law for this reaction?
2.
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1. This question is adapted from Harris 19-D.
Carnosine is a dipeptide whose antioxidant properties protect cells from free radicals. Carnosine was
determined by derivatization with naphthalene-2,3-dicarboxyaldehyde and cyanide followed by
fluorescence detection using excitation at 445 nm and emission at 490. Quantification was by standard
addition. To four aliquots of 20-ul cell lysate were added volumes of 100µM carnosine standard to
generate final concentrations of 0, 1.0, 2.5, and 5.0 µM added carnosine. Solutions were diluted to 70µl
before addition of 15µl of 5 mM naphthalene-2,3-dicarboxyaldehyde and 15µl of 10 mM NaCN.
H
H2N.
OH
Carnosine
HN.
Naphthalene-2,3-
dicarboxyaldehyde
Cyanide
OH
Fluorescent product
HN.
Fluorescence intensity
Concentration (uM) of added carnosine
in final 100 µL
0.0
0.465
1.0
0.698
2.5
1.029
5.0
1.651
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Introduction to Integrated Rate Laws
Learning Goal:
To understand how to use integrated rate laws to solve for concentration.
A car starts at mile marker 145 on a highway and drives at 55 mi/hr in the direction of
decreasing marker numbers. What mile marker will the car reach after 2 hours?
This problem can easily be solved by calculating how far the car travels and
subtracting that distance from the starting marker of 145.
55 mi/hr x 2 hr = 110 miles traveled
milemarker 145 -110 miles milemarker 35
If we were to write a formula for this calculation, we might express it as follows:
milemarkero- (speed x time)
milemarker
where milemarker is the current milemarker and milemarker, is the initial
milemarker.
Similarly, the integrated rate law for a zero-order reaction is expressed as follows:
[A]orate x time
[A]
or
since
rate k[A] = k
Azero-order reaction (Figure 1)proceeds uniformly over time. In other words, the rate
does not change as the reactant concentration changes. In contrast,…
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what is m and n
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Can you please answer the second question on the handout that is attached thank you
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Next find the average rate consant k for the 4 runs using the numbers you calculated.
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Dinitrogen pentoxide rapidly decomposes in the atmosphere with
the rate law noted.
2 N₂O5 (g) → 4 NO2 (g) + O₂(g)
rate= (5.85 × 10-³s-¹) [N₂05]
S
How long does it take for sample to decompose from an initial
concentration of 0.750M to0.211M ?
Answer formatting tip: enter the reaction time using three
significant figures; omit the units of s.
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Table 1-Initial moles
The concentrations for all three stock solutions are given at the top of the data sheet.
The volumes used for each experiment are in chart 1 on the data sheet.
Convert the volumes from mL to L using the metric system.
Multiply the volume (L) by the molarity to determine the initial number of moles for each substance.
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