HCAS133 - WK 7 Labeling Assessment 2

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HCAS123

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Biology

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Jan 9, 2024

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1. Use the following terms to label the neuron diagram and state their function: Cell Body (Soma), Oligodendrocyte, Synapse, Myelin Sheath, Node of Ranvier, Cell membrane, Dendrites, Axon
HCAC133 - KEY - Labeling Assessment 2 2 a. Cell Body (Soma) Function: The cell body, also known as the soma, is the main part of a neuron that contains the nucleus (genetic material), cytoplasm, and other organelles. Its function is to maintain the neuron’s metabolic functions and provide support for the dendrites and axons. b. Cell Membrane Function: Plays a key role in maintaining the electrical charge difference between the inside and outside of the cell, known as the resting membrane potential. This is crucial for the transmission of electrical signals along the axon. c. Dendrites Function: Branching extensions of the neuron that receive signals from the axon and transmit them to the cell body of another neuron, the action potential is determined by the dendrite’s total signal inputs. d. Axon Function: A long slender extension of the neuron that transmits signals away from the cell body and towards other neurons or target cells, such as muscle cells or glands. e. Oligodendrocyte Function: A type of glial cell in the central nervous system that produces myelin, a fatty substance that insulates axons and speeds up the neural transmission. f. Node of Ranvier Function: Gaps in the myelin sheath that allow for the exchange of ions between the extracellular fluid and the axon, which is crucial for maintaining the electrical signal along the axon. g. Myelin Sheath Function: A fatty layer that covers and insulates axons, allowing for faster and more efficient transmission of electrical signals along the axon. h. Synapse Function: Its function is to transmit signals from one cell to another through the release and reception of neurotransmitters. 2. Label the following organs/glands on the endocrine system diagram, list a hormone it produces, and state its function using the following terms: Adrenal, Thymus, Testes, Pancreas, Uterus, Thyroid, Pineal, Ovaries, Pituitary
HCAC133 - KEY - Labeling Assessment 2 3
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HCAC133 - KEY - Labeling Assessment 2 4 a. pineal Hormone: melatonin Function: Regulates sleep patterns in both circadian and seasonal cycles. b. pituitary Hormone: growth hormone, prolactin Function: promotes growth of body tissues; promotes milk production. c. thyroid Hormone: thyroxine Function: regulates metabolism, growth and development, and body temperature. d. thymus Hormone: thymosin Function: stimulates the development of disease-fighting T cells. e. adrenals Hormone: cortisol Function: helps regulate metabolism and helps your body respond to stress. f. pancreas Hormone: insulin Function: regulates the amount of glucose in the bloodstream. g. uterus Hormone: progesterone Function: prepares the uterus for pregnancy and controls menstrual cycles h. ovaries Hormone: estrogen Function: regulates the menstrual cycle, maintains pregnancy, and prepares the body for childbirth. i. testes Hormone: testosterone Function: regulates sex drive, bone mass, fat distribution, muscle mass and strength, and the production of red blood cells and sperm.
HCAC133 - KEY - Labeling Assessment 2 5 3. Label the following diagram on the digestive system using the following terms: Mouth, Salivary glands, Pharynx, Esophagus, Liver, Stomach, Spleen, Gallbladder, Pancreas, Small Intestine, Large Intestine a. mouth b. salivary glands c. pharynx d. esophagus e. liver f. gallbladder g. stomach h. spleen i. small intestine j. pancreas k. large intestine Provide the pathway of food from mouth to anus below: The alimentary canal is the long tube of organs – including the esophagus, stomach, and intestines – that runs from the mouth to the anus.
HCAC133 - KEY - Labeling Assessment 2 6 4. Label the diagram of the respiratory system using the following terms: Nasal Cavity, Pharynx, Oral Cavity, Larynx, Trachea, Right Main Bronchi, Left Main Bronchi, Left Lung, Right Lung, Diaphragm. In addition, categorize each organ as part of either the Upper or Lower Respiratory Tracts. Complete in the table below. Name Upper/Lower Name Upper/Lower a. nasal cavity Upper b. oral cavity Upper c. larynx Upper d. pharynx Upper e. trachea Lower f. Right main bronchi Lower g. Left main bronchi Lower h. Right lung Lower i. Left lung Lower j. diaphragm Lower 3. Label the Urinary system diagram using the following terms: Detrusor muscle, Ureter, Ureteral Openings, Internal urethral sphincter, External urethral sphincter
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HCAC133 - KEY - Labeling Assessment 2 7 a. Ureter b. Detrusor muscle c. Ureteral opening d. Internal urethral sphincter e. External urethral sphincter Share the pathway of urine from formation to excretion below: Urine produced in the kidneys travels down the ureters into the urinary bladder. The bladder then expands in order to hold more urine. As it reaches capacity, the process of micturition, or urination, begins. 4. Use the following terms to label the male reproductive system diagram and state its function: Urinary bladder, Seminal vesicle, Ejaculatory duct, Prostate gland, Vas deferens, testis, Epididymis, Scrotum, Bulbourethral gland
HCAC133 - KEY - Labeling Assessment 2 8 a. Prostate gland Function: produces a fluid that helps to nourish and transport sperm. b. Urinary Bladder Function: Stores urine produced by the kidneys before it is excreted. c. Seminal vesicle Function: Produces a significant portion of semen, providing nutrients and enzymes for the sperm. d. Ejaculatory duct Function: Transports sperm and the components of semen towards the urethra during ejaculation. e. Bulbourethral gland Function: Produces a fluid that lubricates the urethra and neutralizes any acidity that may harm sperm. f. Vas deferens Function: Transports mature sperm to the urethra in preparation for ejaculation. g. Testes Function: Produces sperm and testosterone, the male sex hormone. h. Epididymis Function: Stores sperm as it matures. i. Scrotum Function: A sac of skin that houses and protects the testes and helps to regulate their temperature. 5. Label the female reproductive system diagram and state its function using the following terms: Uterus, Labia Minora, Labia Majora, Uterine
HCAC133 - KEY - Labeling Assessment 2 9 tube, Ovaries, Fimbriae, Cervix, Vagina, Ovarian Ligament, Broad Ligament a. Fimbriae Function: Finger-like projections at the end of the uterine tube capturing/moving the released eggs. b. uterus Function: The muscular organ nourishing a developing fetus during pregnancy. c. Uterine tube Function: Tubes extending from uterus to ovaries serving as site fertilization and transport to uterus. d. Ovaries Function: Female reproductive organs responsible for producing and releasing eggs (ova). e. Ovarian ligament Function: f. Broad ligament Function: g. Labia minora Function: h. Cervix Function: i. Vagina Function: j. Labia majora Function:
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