student answer sheet for cardiovascular system recitation activity

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MCPHS University *

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BIO-151

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Biology

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Feb 20, 2024

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The heart and blood vessels answer sheet Part 1: Anatomy of the cardiovascular system Catherine Leal Describe the path taken by a drop of blood starting in the right atrium , traveling to the hand and then back to the right atrium . 1. The blood enters the right atrium through the superior vena cava 2. then flows through the tricuspid valve to the right ventricle 3. goes out the pulmonary valve to the pulmonary arteries to the lungs 4. From the lungs through the pulmonary veins to the left atrium through the bicuspid valve to the left ventricle 5. then through the aortic valve to the aorta 6. from the aorta arteries carrying oxygenated blood go to capillaries in the hand 7. gas exchange occurs and the now deoxygenated blood travels through veins back to the superior vena cava into the right atrium. Include the following structures: • aorta • pulmonary arteries • pulmonary veins • superior vena cava • bicuspid valve • tricuspid valve • pulmonary valve • aortic valve • right atrium • left atrium • right ventricle • left ventricle Part 2: ECG interpretation What is the reason for the abnormal ECG shown on the slide? How do you know this? The abnormal ECG are missing QRS beats, there is an AV heart block as there are more P than QRS beats and the heartrate is a lot slower.

Part 3: Capillaries and Starling forces 1a. What will be the NFP under the following conditions? HP C : 37 mm Hg OP C : 26 mm Hg HP if : 0 mm Hg OP if : 1 mmHg (37+1)-(0+26)= (38)-(26)= 12 mm Hg 1b. In the above example, will there be more fluid flowing in to or out of the capillary? There will be more fluid flowing out of the capillary 1c. Would you expect this to occur at the arterial or the venous end of the capillary? This will occur at the arterial end of the capillary 2a. What will be the NFP under the following conditions? HP C : 18 mm Hg OP C : 26 mm Hg HP if : 0 mm Hg OP if : 1 mmHg (18+1)-(26+0)= (19)-(26)= -7 mm Hg 2b. In the above example, will there be more fluid flowing in to or out of the capillary? There will be more fluid flowing into the capillary 2c. Would you expect this to occur at the arterial or the venous end of the capillary? I expect this to occur at the venous end of the capillary 3. In people suffering from severe malnutrition, OP C is often low because a lack of dietary amino acids prevents the body from making an adequate amount of plasma proteins. What effect would this have on NFP and what might be a consequence of this? This has the effect of creating a high NFP due to the lack of OPc, which limits the body’s ability to make capillaries, which means more fluid is flowing out of the capillaries which causes swelling and edema. 4. One symptom of chronic high blood pressure is swollen ankles and feet. Why is this? This is because the high blood pressure causes fluid to leak out of the capillaries causing a pooling of the fluid in the tissues which results in swollen feet and ankles as the lymphatic system cannot keep up..

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