cell molecular factory hw

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Jun 22, 2024

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Cells as Molecular Factories : Name : Kelly McGrath This is a Word document, so type your answers on this sheet and submit it by hitting the SUBMIT button. 1. Some cells in our bodies secrete proteins such as:  protein enzymes that digest our food  proteins that help our blood to clot  protein hormones (e.g. insulin). If you think of a cell as a factory that makes proteins and ships them out, which parts of the cell accomplish each of the necessary functions? Organelles may have more than one function. Factory Function What part of the cell accomplishes this function? Management -- sends out instructions (DNA -- > RNA) Nucleus Workbench -- makes products (proteins) Ribosomes Processing and Distribution -- prepares products to leave factory/cell Golgi Apparatus Structure and Transport -- moves proteins around in factory/cell Endoplasm Reticulum Cytoskeleton Security Fence with Gates -- controls what comes into and leaves the factory/cell Cell membrane Powerhouse -- provides energy in a form the factory/cell can use (ATP) Mitochondria Cleanup crew -- disposes of old and worn out products and equipment; prepares them for recycling Lysosomes 2. Cells also function as recycling plants that are constantly breaking down damaged molecules and organelles and using their components to make replacement molecules and organelles. For example, several organelles in the cell work together to dispose of and replace damaged protein molecules. To explain how the cell recycles proteins , fill in each blank below with one of the following: lysosome mitochondria nucleus ribosome. Enzymes in a Lysosomes digest the damaged protein into amino acids which can be used to synthesize new proteins. A new protein molecule to replace the damaged protein is synthesized by a Ribosomes The instructions for making the replacement protein are provided by a gene in the The Nucleus.

The ATP molecules needed to provide the energy for protein synthesis are produced by the Mitochondria . 3. In order for a cell to carry out its many functions, the molecules in the cell are constantly moving. The first list below describes some ways that molecules move in cells, and the second list includes several important types of molecules found in cells. Match each item in the first list with a type of molecule from the second list; you may use each match more than once. Carried in vesicles from the rough endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus to the plasma membrane C ____ Diffuses out of mitochondria where it is synthesized A ____ Emerges from ribosomes where it is synthesized C ____ Moves out of nucleus to ribosomes D ____ a. ATP b. DNA c. protein d. RNA 4. Which parts of a cell are made of molecules?  Proteins  Lipids  Carbohydrates  Nucleic Acids 5. In the diagram below, indicate at least one part of the cell where DNA is found and at least four parts of the cell where proteins are found. DNA Nucleus Protein Mitochondria Smooth & rough Endoplasmic Reticulum 2

Ribosomes Cytoskeleton Complete the following table to explain how proteins help the various parts of the cell accomplish their functions. Part of a Cell Where Proteins Are Located A Function of Proteins in This Part of the Cell Nucleus Proteins help in DNA replication and repair, and in regulating gene expression. Cytoplasm In the cytoplasm, proteins are involved in various functions including metabolism, structural support, cell movement, and enzymatic reactions. Cell Membrane More than a quarter of a cell's proteins are located in the membrane. Membrane proteins play a role in many cellular processes, such as signal transduction, ionic and molecular transport. To get the required nutrients and molecules into the cell, many transport Proteins exist in the cell membrane. Some of these Proteins act as channels that allow particular molecules to move on and out of cells. 3

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cell molecular factory hw

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