Introduction to Chemistry4th EditionRich Bauer, James Birk Professor Dr., Pamela S. Marks Publisher: McGraw-Hill EducationISBN: 9780073523002
Introduction to Chemistry
Solutions for Introduction to Chemistry
Problem 1QC:
How do acids and bases differ from other substances?Problem 39QP:
Sodium fluoride, NaF, and sodium acetate, NaCH3CO2, are ionic compounds that contain the conjugate...Problem 102QP:
What would you expect to observe if you ran a titration of a base at a pHof11.0 by adding acid and...Browse All Chapters of This Textbook
Chapter 1 - Matter And EnergyChapter 2 - Atoms, Ions, And The Periodic TableChapter 3 - Chemical CompoundsChapter 4 - Chemical CompositionChapter 5 - Chemical Reactions And EquationsChapter 6 - Quantities In Chemical ReactionsChapter 7 - Electron Structureof The AtomChapter 8 - Chemical BondingChapter 9 - The Gaseous StateChapter 10 - The Liquid And Solid States
Book Details
Introduction to Chemistry, 4e by Bauer/Birk/Marks offers today's student a fresh perspective to the introduction of chemistry. This textbook offers a conceptual approach to chemistry by starting first with macroscopic phenomena, and then presenting the underlying microscopic detail. Each chapter opens with a real-life scenario that helps students connect abstract chemical concepts to their own lives. The math found in
Introduction to Chemistry, 4e is introduced on a need-to-know basis, with "Math Toolboxes" in select chapters to help support the math skills required in that chapter.
Sample Solutions for this Textbook
We offer sample solutions for Introduction to Chemistry homework problems. See examples below:
Chapter 1, Problem 1QCChapter 1, Problem 9PPSignificant figures are the digit numbers in which the answer is described in accuracy. It starts...The calculation can be carried out by simply applying the multiplication method:...Chapter 1, Problem 8QPChapter 1, Problem 19QPChapter 1, Problem 20QPChapter 1, Problem 21QPThe conversion factor for centiometer to feet is as follows. 1 cm=0.0328084 ft1=0.0328084 ft1 cm For...
Chapter 1, Problem 23QPThe relation between Foot ft and in is shown below: 1 ft=12 in The conversion factors used to...Chapter 1, Problem 86QPChapter 1, Problem 113QPChapter 1, Problem 122QPChapter 1, Problem 124QPChapter 1, Problem 142QPChapter 1, Problem 145QPChapter 1, Problem 156QPChapter 1, Problem 157QPChapter 2, Problem 1QCGiven information: The table is provided in the question. In the first row of the table, the mass...The differences between ionic and molecular compounds are explained below: In ionic compounds,...Given Information:Table is provided in the question. Ca2+ cation combines with Cl− to form CaCl2...Given Information:Table is provided in the question. Ba2+ cation combines with Br− to form BaBr3...Chapter 3, Problem 55QPGiven Information: Table is provided in the question. Sodium cation Na+ combines with chloride anion...Ammonia is a combination of nitrogen and hydrogen in which a covalent bond is formed by sharing of...The charges and symbols of elements are analyzed on the basis of their position in the periodic...In a compound, the mass composition of an element is determined by dividing the mass of that element...The given compound is Hg2Cl2 . Molar mass can be determined by adding the masses of the...Chapter 4, Problem 28QPThe given compound is K2SO4 . Number of moles is determined using the molar mass and mass of the...The molar mass of 15 g Na2CO3 is to be converted into an equivalent number of moles. The number of...Chapter 4, Problem 53QPChapter 4, Problem 55QPChapter 4, Problem 56QPChapter 4, Problem 73QPChapter 4, Problem 87QPThe percent composition of any substance is calculated by dividing the mass of the substance in a...The percent composition of any substance is calculated by dividing the mass of substance in a sample...The percent composition of any substance is calculated by dividing the mass of substance in a sample...The molarity of the acetic acid solution is to be determined. The number of moles is calculated from...The number of moles is calculated from the following expression: n=mMm …… (1) Here, m is the...The conversion of volume from milliliters to liters is given as follows: VolumeL=x mL×1 L1000 mL...C3H4 contains three moles of carbon and four moles of hydrogen. The mass of three moles of carbon is...The number of moles of Ca3PO42 can be calculated by using the expression of molarity as follows:...Chemical reaction is defined as a process in which reactant species interact with each other in...The skeleton equation for the chemical equation is shown in (1) where, on the left side, the number...The skeleton equation for the chemical equation is shown below, where on the left side, the number...The chemical equation that is shown below is balanced because the number of atoms on the left side...Sodium chloride NaCl and sodium sulfate Na2SO4 are electrolytes whereas silver sulfate Ag2SO4 and...Except for chromium (III) hydroxide (Cr(OH)3), all other substances in the given reaction are...Chapter 5, Problem 111QPAmmonium nitrate and chromium chloride are electrolytes that react to produce chromium (III)...The given reaction is, C4H10g+O2g→CO2g+H2Og The reactant side contains 4 carbon atoms, 10 hydrogen...The numerical coefficients in a chemical equation show the ratio of the molecules of each of the...Given Information: The given reaction: Na2CO3s+2HClg→2NaClaq+H2Ol+CO2g Moles of Na2CO3 is 11 g and...The balanced equation of the given reaction is: 2C7H5NO23s→7Cs+7COg+3N2g+5H2Og It is apparent from...The balanced equation of the given reaction is: 2NH4NO3s→2N2g+O2g+4H2Og It is apparent from the...The mass of the first reactant is 0.600 g . The relation among the number of moles, molar mass and...The relation among the number of moles, molar mass and mass is, n= mMM Here, n is the number of...Given information: A reaction is given in the question. Initially, 0.269 g of C2H6 is mixed. So, the...Given Information: A reaction is given in the question. Initially, 0.130 g of C4H10 is mixed. So,...Given Information: Mass of pipe and water is 175 g and 100 g , respectively. The temperatures of...Chapter 6, Problem 126QPThe given balanced equation shows that one mole of MgNO32 dissolves and dissociates into Mg2+ and 2...4 moles of C3H3N3O9 decomposes to produce 6 moles of N2 . The number of moles of N2 produced by 1.0...One mole of N2 reacts with three moles of H2 . Thus, N2 is present in excess. So, the number of...The electromagnetic spectrum includes different radiations that are categorized on the basis of...When a metal and a non-metal are present in the formula, then ionic bond is formed. In ionic...Chapter 8, Problem 89QPChapter 8, Problem 131QPThe general properties of gases are discussed below. Compressibility: As the intermolecular spaces...The conversion factor required to convert the value of pressure is: 760 torr=1 atm1=1 atm760 torr...The conversion factor which is used to convert the pressure from atm to torr is as follows: 1...The calculation for determining the final volume of the gas. The conversion of temperature from...: The calculation for determining the final pressure of the gas. The conversion of temperature from...Ideal gas law gives a relation between pressure P , volume V , temperature T , and the number of...Ideal gas law gives a relation between pressure P , volume V , temperature T , and the number of...Ideal gas law gives a relation between pressure P , volume V , temperature T , and the number of...The molar mass of a gas at STP can be determined by using the value of its density. The density ρ of...The ideal gas equation is an equation that determines the relation between the pressure P ,...Given Information: The volume of N2O is 145 L at 2850 torr and 42°C . The reaction is as follows:...Given Information: The volume of argon gas collected over water is 3 L at 27.0°C and 765 torr . The...Given Information: The volume of the tank is 2.00 L . Tank contains 72.0 g N2 and 66.0 g Ar . The...Given Information: The amount of limestone used daily is 1.00×105 kg at 735 torr and 25.0°C . The...The number of moles of a gas n is equal to the ratio of the amount of gas m present in the container...Given Information: Table 9.2 The partial pressure of a gas in a mixture is defined as the force...The ideal gas equation states that pressure P and volume V of a gas is directly proportional to the...The ideal gas equation states that pressure P and volume of a gas V is directly proportional to...The number of moles of a gas n is equal to the ratio of mass of the gas m to the molar mass MM of...Oxygen is produced by the following reaction: 2KClO3s→2KCls+3O2g According to the reaction, 2 mol...Chapter 10, Problem 1QCChapter 10, Problem 37QPGiven Information: Mass of steam is 32.0 g , the temperature of steam is 115.0°C , the specific heat...Chapter 10, Problem 40QPA homogeneous mixture that has a uniform composition is called a solution. Solutions can be mixtures...Given Information: The molarity of lead nitrate solution is 0.105 M and the molarity of potassium...Chapter 11, Problem 69QPGiven Information: The (ppb) concentration of nitrate ions in tap water is 95 ppb . Parts per...Given Information: 100 mL of 0.15 M Pb2+ ion solution and 1.0 M KI solution are given. The given...Given Information: 20.00 mL of 0.1033 M NaOH is neutralized with 0.850 M H2SO4 solution. : The...The balanced chemical equation is, HCl(aq)+NaOH(aq)→NaCl(aq)+H2O(l) The moles of HCl present in...The balanced chemical equation is, HCl(aq)+NaOH(aq)→NaCl(aq)+H2O(l) The moles of NaOH present in...Given Information: Percent by mass concentration of H2SO4 solution is 24% and density of solution is...Given Information: The molarity of Acetic acid solution is 1 M and density of the solution is 1.005...Given Information: The molarity of silver nitrate solution is 0.200 M and of sodium carbonate...Given Information: The molarity of barium chloride solution is 0.100 M and of potassium sulfate...Consider the given statement, “The dissolution process of Mg(NO3)2 in water forms 0.20 M...KCl is an ionic compound and water is a polar solvent. Thus, KCl is easily soluble in water to and...The reaction between silver nitrate and potassium sulphate forms the precipitate of aluminium...A solution that gives the highest number of particles has the lowest freezing point. 1.5 m KBr...A reaction takes place under different conditions at different rates. As the concentration of...Chapter 13, Problem 1QCIonic product of water is defined as the product of concentrations of H+ and OH− ions present in the...pH of a solution gives the concentration of hydrogen ions in that solution. Range of pH values is...From the table 13.1 (from the book), H2SO4 is a strong acid. H2SO4aq dissociates completely into...Citric acid is a weak organic acid and furnishes hydronium ions according to its Ka value. The...The given concentration of OH− is 1×10−3 M . Now, OH−×H3O+=1×10−14 M2H3O+=1×10−14 M2OH− Substitute...The given concentration of H3O+ is 1×10−3 M . Now, OH−×H3O+=1×10−14 M2OH−=1×10−14 M2H3O+ Substitute...The given OH− concentration is 1×10−4 M . The expression that shows the relation between pOH and OH−...The given OH− concentration is 6.4×10−4 M . The expression that shows the relation between pOH and...The given concentration of HNO3 is 0.01 M . HNO3 is a strong acid, the H3O+ concentration is equal...The given concentration of KOH is 0.001 M . KOH is a strong base, the OH− concentration is equal to...Ionic product of water is defined as the product of concentrations of H+ and OH− ions present in the...pH of a solution gives the concentration of hydrogen ions in that solution. Range of pH values is...The given value of pH is 5 . The relation between pH and pOH is as follows: pH+pOH=14 Substitute 5...Given Information: The given concentrations of the solutions are 0.1 M HNO3 , 0.5 M HCl , a solution...The given acids are 0.5 M CH3CO2H and 0.10 M HF and their Ka values are 1.8×10−5 and 6.3×10−4 ,...Chapter 13, Problem 147QPIn a oxidation-reduction reaction, the oxidation state of a substance increases due to loss of...Chapter 14, Problem 18QPChapter 14, Problem 19QPChapter 14, Problem 20QPChapter 14, Problem 27QPThe given ion is H2PO4− . The oxidation number of oxygen and hydrogen is −2 and −1 which is...The skeleton equation chemical equation is shown below: H2Saq+Cr2O72−aq→Ss+Cr3+aq …(1) The...Chapter 14, Problem 56QPChapter 14, Problem 57QPChapter 14, Problem 58QPChapter 14, Problem 59QPThe half-cell reactions for the given chemical equations can be obtained by writing the oxidation...The ionic skeleton chemical equation for the given reaction is shown in equation (1)....The isotopes are the atoms with different number of neutrons. They can be stable or unstable...A nuclear reaction involves changes at the subatomic level such as, the changes in the number of...A nuclear reaction involves changes at the subatomic level such as, the changes in the number of...A nuclear reaction involves changes at the subatomic level such as changes in the number of protons,...If the NZ ratio is too high, nuclide undergoes beta decay to lower the ratio. If the NZ ratio is too...If the NZ ratio is too high, nuclide undergoes beta decay to lower the ratio. If the NZ ratio is too...If the NZ ratio is too high, nuclide undergoes beta decay to lower the ratio. If the NZ ratio is too...In the given nuclear reaction shown below, the mass number is not balanced because the total mass...The nuclear reaction that represents the conversion of U92234 to thorium- 230 is shown below....The half-life of technetium- 99 is 6.0 h . Thus, after 6.0 h , the amount of technetium- 99 gets...Organic molecules can be represented by their molecular formulas, ball and stick models, structural...The isomers of a compound have the same molecular formula with a different arrangement of atoms....Chapter 17, Problem 1QCThe simplest amino acid is alanine after glycine because the side chain in alanine is the methyl...
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