Organic Chemistry
Organic Chemistry
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781118875766
Author: T. W. Graham Solomons, Craig B. Fryhle, Scott A. Snyder
Publisher: WILEY
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Chapter FRP, Problem 15P
Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The statement, “The products formed by the hydrolysis of enantiomers of 3-chloro-1-butene are optically inactive”, is to be explained.

Concept Introduction:

Enantiomers are stereoisomers of a compound which are non-superimposable mirror images of each other. Enantiomers are optically active.

Electrophiles are electron deficient species which has positive or partially positive charge. Lewis acids are electrophiles which accept electron pair.

Nucleophiles are electron rich species which has negative or partially negative charge. Lewis bases are nucleophiles which donate electron pair.

Free radical is an atom, molecule or ion that has unpaired electrons which makes it highly chemically reactive.

Substitution reaction: A reaction in which one of the hydrogen atoms of a hydrocarbon or a functional group is substituted by any other functional group is called substitution reaction.

Elimination reaction: A reaction in which two substituent groups are detached and a double bond is formed is called elimination reaction.

Addition reaction: It is the reaction in which unsaturated bonds are converted to saturated molecules by the addition of molecules.

Carbocation is a molecule having a carbon atom bearing three bonds and a positive formal charge.

Carbocation are generally unstable because they do not have eight electrons to satisfy the octet rule.

The order of stability of carbocation is such that the tertiary carbocation is the most stable whereas the primary carbocation is the least stable, and secondary carbocation lies between primary and tertiary carbocations.

If primary carbocation is obtained in product, it rearranges itself to secondary or tertiary carbocation to form more stable product.

If secondary carbocation is obtained in product, it rearranges itself to tertiary carbocation to form more stable product.

The stability of carbocation:

3ocarbocation>2ocarbocation>1ocarbocation>methylcarbocation

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4-methyl-3-hexanol was prepared by reacting an alkene with either hydroboration-oxidation or oxymercuration-reduction. Draw the structure of the alkene that was used to prepare the alcohol in highest yield. • You do not have to consider stereochemistry. • Indicate the method of preparation by drawing either BH3 (for . If there is more than one alkene that can be used for a given method, draw all of them. If either hydroboration-oxidation or oxymercuration-reduction can be used, just give the structures for one method. Separate structures with + signs from the drop-down menu. ● 981 -- 26224 ? ChemDoodle Y hydroboration-oxidation), or Hg (for oxymercuration-reduction), in a separate sketcher. Sn [1
[5] Write the structure of the product of the reaction of (S)-3-bromo-3-methylhexane with ethanol (CH,CH,OH).
The molecule 2,5-dibromohex-3-ene contains three stereogenic sites: a double bond that can be cis- or trans- and two chirality centers that can be either (R) or (S). Draw structures for and name all possible stereoisomers of 2,5-dibromohex-3-ene. HINT: That means a possible total of 2³ stereoisomers, but there's also the potential for high symmetry or meso stereoisomers, which then reduces the total number of possibilities. Put boxes around pairs of enantiomers, and label meso compounds as "meso," as appropriate.

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Organic Chemistry

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