Chapter F, Problem F.11P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The structure of the molecule that corresponds to the given IUPAC name is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

The rules for naming acid anhydrides are derived from the fact that an acid anhydride can be produced from two carboxylic acids in the dehydration reaction as shown below:

If the two R and R’ groups attached to the acid anhydride are the same, then the anhydride is symmetrical, but if they are different, the acid anhydride is unsymmetrical.

Symmetrical anhydrides are named according to the general form alkanoic anhydride in which the alkanoic portion corresponds to the specific carboxylic acid that could undergo dehydration to produce the anhydride.

Unsymmetrical anhydrides are named according to the general form alkanoic alkanoic anhydride, where each alkanoic portion corresponds to different carboxylic acids that would be required to produce the anhydride. The two carboxylic acids follow the alphabetical order.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The structure of the molecule that corresponds to the given IUPAC name is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

The rules for naming acid anhydrides are derived from the fact that an acid anhydride can be produced from two carboxylic acids in the dehydration reaction as shown below:

If the two R and R’ groups attached to the acid anhydride are the same, then the anhydride is symmetrical, but if they are different, the acid anhydride is unsymmetrical.

Symmetrical anhydrides are named according to general form alkanoic anhydride where the alkanoic portion corresponds to the specific carboxylic acid that could undergo dehydration to produce the anhydride.

Unsymmetrical anhydrides are named according to the general form alkanoic alkanoic anhydride, where each alkanoic portion corresponds to different carboxylic acids that would be required to produce the anhydride. The two carboxylic acids follow the alphabetical order.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The structure of the molecule is to be drawn that corresponds to the given IUPAC name.

Concept introduction:

The rules for naming acid anhydrides are derived from the fact that an acid anhydride can be produced from two carboxylic acids in the dehydration reaction as shown below:

If the two R and R’ groups attached to the acid anhydride are same, then the anhydride is symmetrical, but if they are different, the acid anhydride is unsymmetrical.

Symmetrical anhydride are named according to general form alkanoic anhydride where the alkanoic portion corresponds to the specific carboxylic acid that could undergo dehydration to produce the anhydride.

Unsymmetrical anhydrides are named according to the general form alkanoic alkanoic anhydride, where each alkanoic portion corresponds to different carboxylic acids that would be required to produce the anhydride. The two carboxylic acids follow the alphabetical order.

Substituents attached to the carbon chain of any carboxylic acid portion are written as prefix in the IUPAC name.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The structure of the molecule is to be drawn that corresponds to the given IUPAC name.

Concept introduction:

The rules for naming acid anhydrides are derived from the fact that an acid anhydride can be produced from two carboxylic acids in the dehydration reaction as shown below:

If the two R and R’ groups attached to the acid anhydride are same, then the anhydride is symmetrical, but if they are different, the acid anhydride is unsymmetrical.

Symmetrical anhydride are named according to general form alkanoic anhydride where the alkanoic portion corresponds to the specific carboxylic acid that could undergo dehydration to produce the anhydride.

Unsymmetrical anhydrides are named according to the general form alkanoic alkanoic anhydride, where each alkanoic portion corresponds to different carboxylic acids that would be required to produce the anhydride. The two carboxylic acids follow the alphabetical order.

Substituents attached to the carbon chain of any carboxylic acid portion are written as prefix in the IUPAC name.