Organic Chemistry: Principles and Mechanisms (Second Edition)
Organic Chemistry: Principles and Mechanisms (Second Edition)
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780393663556
Author: Joel Karty
Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company
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Chapter A, Problem A.2P
Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Using G as a generic substituent, a substituted propane is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

An alkane is said to be substituted if a hydrogen atom of the alkane is replaced by another atom or a group of atoms. The atom or group of atoms which replaces the hydrogen atom is called a substituent. It is shown by G, which means a generic substituent.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Using G as a generic substituent, a substituted hexane is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

An alkane is said to be substituted if a hydrogen atom of the alkane is replaced by another atom or group of atoms. The atom or group of atoms which replaces the hydrogen atom is called a substituent. It is shown by G, which means a generic substituent.

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2. Consider the data below to answer the following questions. Cyanohydrins are important intermediates in the synthesis of α-hydroxycarboxylic acids from ketones and aldehydes. The nitrile functional group can be hydrolyzed by aqueous acid to yield a carboxylic acid. Nitriles can also be hydrolyzed to carboxylic acids using aqueous base. Unfortunately, when a cyanohydrin is treated with aqueous base the original carbonyl compound is isolated. OH CH-COOH 0 HO CN C H30* C. H H HC N NaOH H₂O C=O 0 cyanohydrin H + NaCN + H₂O
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