a) Interpretation: Whether the mechanism of the reaction given is polar, radical or both to be identified. Concept introduction: A polar mechanism involves the formation of carbocation or carbanion as intermediates. A radical mechanism involves the free radicals as intermediates. To identify: Whether the mechanism of the reaction given is polar, radical or both.

Question

A cylinder contains 12 L of water vapour at 150˚C and 5 atm. The temperature of the water vapour is raised to 175˚C, and the volume of the cylinder is reduced to 8.5 L. What is the final pressure of the gas in atmospheres? assume that the gas is ideal

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 9.SE, Problem 23MP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

Whether the mechanism of the reaction given is polar, radical or both to be identified.

Concept introduction:

A polar mechanism involves the formation of carbocation or carbanion as intermediates. A radical mechanism involves the free radicals as intermediates.

To identify:

Whether the mechanism of the reaction given is polar, radical or both.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

Whether the mechanism of the reaction given is polar, radical or both to be identified.

Concept introduction:

A polar mechanism involves the formation of carbocation or carbanion as intermediates. A radical mechanism involves the free radicals as intermediates.

To identify:

Whether the mechanism of the reaction given is polar, radical or both.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

Whether the mechanism of the reaction given is polar, radical or both to be identified.

Concept introduction:

A polar mechanism involves the formation of carbocation or carbanion as intermediates. A radical mechanism involves the free radicals as intermediates.

To identify:

Whether the mechanism of the reaction given is polar, radical or both.

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A cylinder contains 12 L of water vapour at 150˚C and 5 atm. The temperature of the water vapour is raised to 175˚C, and the volume of the cylinder is reduced to 8.5 L. What is the final pressure of the gas in atmospheres? assume that the gas is ideal

On the next page is an LC separation of the parabens found in baby wash. Parabens are suspected in a link to breast cancer therefore an accurate way to quantitate them is desired. a. In the chromatogram, estimate k' for ethyl paraben. Clearly indicate what values you used for all the terms in your calculation. b. Is this a "good" value for a capacity factor? Explain. c. What is the resolution between n-Propyl paraben and n-Butyl paraben? Again, indicate clearly what values you used in your calculation. MAU | Methyl paraben 40 20 0 -2 Ethyl paraben n-Propyl paraben n-Butyl paraben App ID 22925 6 8 min

d. In Figure 4, each stationary phase shows some negative correlation between plate count and retention factor. In other words, as k' increases, N decreases. Explain this relationship between k' and N. Plate Count (N) 4000 3500 2500 2000 1500 1000 Figure 4. Column efficiency (N) vs retention factor (k') for 22 nonionizable solutes on FMS (red), PGC (black), and COZ (green). 3000 Eluent compositions (acetonitrile/water, A/W) were adjusted to obtain k' less than 15, which was achieved for most solutes as follows: FMS (30/70 A/W), PGC (60/40), COZ (80/20). Slightly different compositions were used for the most highly retained solutes. All columns were 50 mm × 4.6 mm id and packed with 5 um particles, except for COZ, which was packed with 3 um particles. All other chromatographic conditions were constant: column length 5 cm, column j.§. 4.6 mm, flow rate 2 mL/min, column temperature 40 °C, and injection volume 0.5 μL Log(k'x/K'ethylbenzene) FMS 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0 ཐྭ ཋ ཤྩ བྷྲ ; 500 0 5 10…

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 9.SE, Problem 23MP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

Whether the mechanism of the reaction given is polar, radical or both to be identified.

Concept introduction:

A polar mechanism involves the formation of carbocation or carbanion as intermediates. A radical mechanism involves the free radicals as intermediates.

To identify:

Whether the mechanism of the reaction given is polar, radical or both.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

Whether the mechanism of the reaction given is polar, radical or both to be identified.

Concept introduction:

A polar mechanism involves the formation of carbocation or carbanion as intermediates. A radical mechanism involves the free radicals as intermediates.

To identify:

Whether the mechanism of the reaction given is polar, radical or both.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

Whether the mechanism of the reaction given is polar, radical or both to be identified.

Concept introduction:

A polar mechanism involves the formation of carbocation or carbanion as intermediates. A radical mechanism involves the free radicals as intermediates.

To identify:

Whether the mechanism of the reaction given is polar, radical or both.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 9.SE, Problem 23MP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

Whether the mechanism of the reaction given is polar, radical or both to be identified.

Concept introduction:

A polar mechanism involves the formation of carbocation or carbanion as intermediates. A radical mechanism involves the free radicals as intermediates.

To identify:

Whether the mechanism of the reaction given is polar, radical or both.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

Whether the mechanism of the reaction given is polar, radical or both to be identified.

Concept introduction:

A polar mechanism involves the formation of carbocation or carbanion as intermediates. A radical mechanism involves the free radicals as intermediates.

To identify:

Whether the mechanism of the reaction given is polar, radical or both.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

Whether the mechanism of the reaction given is polar, radical or both to be identified.

Concept introduction:

A polar mechanism involves the formation of carbocation or carbanion as intermediates. A radical mechanism involves the free radicals as intermediates.

To identify:

Whether the mechanism of the reaction given is polar, radical or both.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 9.SE, Problem 23MP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

Whether the mechanism of the reaction given is polar, radical or both to be identified.

Concept introduction:

A polar mechanism involves the formation of carbocation or carbanion as intermediates. A radical mechanism involves the free radicals as intermediates.

To identify:

Whether the mechanism of the reaction given is polar, radical or both.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

Whether the mechanism of the reaction given is polar, radical or both to be identified.

Concept introduction:

A polar mechanism involves the formation of carbocation or carbanion as intermediates. A radical mechanism involves the free radicals as intermediates.

To identify:

Whether the mechanism of the reaction given is polar, radical or both.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

Whether the mechanism of the reaction given is polar, radical or both to be identified.

Concept introduction:

A polar mechanism involves the formation of carbocation or carbanion as intermediates. A radical mechanism involves the free radicals as intermediates.

To identify:

Whether the mechanism of the reaction given is polar, radical or both.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 5

Chapter 9.SE, Problem 23MP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

Whether the mechanism of the reaction given is polar, radical or both to be identified.

Concept introduction:

A polar mechanism involves the formation of carbocation or carbanion as intermediates. A radical mechanism involves the free radicals as intermediates.

To identify:

Whether the mechanism of the reaction given is polar, radical or both.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

Whether the mechanism of the reaction given is polar, radical or both to be identified.

Concept introduction:

A polar mechanism involves the formation of carbocation or carbanion as intermediates. A radical mechanism involves the free radicals as intermediates.

To identify:

Whether the mechanism of the reaction given is polar, radical or both.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

Whether the mechanism of the reaction given is polar, radical or both to be identified.

Concept introduction:

A polar mechanism involves the formation of carbocation or carbanion as intermediates. A radical mechanism involves the free radicals as intermediates.

To identify:

Whether the mechanism of the reaction given is polar, radical or both.

Answer 6

Chapter 9.SE, Problem 23MP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

Whether the mechanism of the reaction given is polar, radical or both to be identified.

Concept introduction:

A polar mechanism involves the formation of carbocation or carbanion as intermediates. A radical mechanism involves the free radicals as intermediates.

To identify:

Whether the mechanism of the reaction given is polar, radical or both.

Answer 7

Chapter 9.SE, Problem 23MP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

Whether the mechanism of the reaction given is polar, radical or both to be identified.

Concept introduction:

A polar mechanism involves the formation of carbocation or carbanion as intermediates. A radical mechanism involves the free radicals as intermediates.

To identify:

Whether the mechanism of the reaction given is polar, radical or both.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

Whether the mechanism of the reaction given is polar, radical or both to be identified.

Concept introduction:

A polar mechanism involves the formation of carbocation or carbanion as intermediates. A radical mechanism involves the free radicals as intermediates.

To identify:

Whether the mechanism of the reaction given is polar, radical or both.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

Whether the mechanism of the reaction given is polar, radical or both to be identified.

Concept introduction:

A polar mechanism involves the formation of carbocation or carbanion as intermediates. A radical mechanism involves the free radicals as intermediates.

To identify:

Whether the mechanism of the reaction given is polar, radical or both.

Answer 10

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

Whether the mechanism of the reaction given is polar, radical or both to be identified.

Concept introduction:

A polar mechanism involves the formation of carbocation or carbanion as intermediates. A radical mechanism involves the free radicals as intermediates.

To identify:

Whether the mechanism of the reaction given is polar, radical or both.

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

Whether the mechanism of the reaction given is polar, radical or both to be identified.

Concept introduction:

A polar mechanism involves the formation of carbocation or carbanion as intermediates. A radical mechanism involves the free radicals as intermediates.

To identify:

Whether the mechanism of the reaction given is polar, radical or both.

Answer 12

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Answer 13

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Answer 23

Ch. 9.1 - Prob. 1P Ch. 9.1 - Prob. 2P Ch. 9.3 - What products would you expect from the following...Ch. 9.4 - Prob. 4P Ch. 9.4 - Prob. 5P Ch. 9.4 - Prob. 6P Ch. 9.4 - Prob. 7P Ch. 9.5 - Using any alkyne needed, how would you prepare the...Ch. 9.7 - The pKa of acetone, CH3COCH3, is 19.3. Which of...Ch. 9.8 - Prob. 10P

Solution Summary: The author explains how 3-hexyne is reduced by Li in the presence of ammonia. The reaction takes place through both polar and radical mechanisms.

Chapter 9 Solutions