Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
From the given species better nucleophile in the given solvent has to be identified.
Concept Introduction:
- Aprotic solvent are polar solvent molecules which do not have hydrogen bonded to oxygen to nitrogen.
- Protic solvent are polar solvent molecules which do have hydrogen bonded to oxygen to nitrogen.
- The stronger base is always a better nucleophile in an aprotic solvent.
(b)
Interpretation:
From the given species better nucleophile in the given solvent has to be identified.
Concept Introduction:
- Aprotic solvent are polar solvent molecules which do not have hydrogen bonded to oxygen to nitrogen.
- Protic solvent are polar solvent molecules which do have hydrogen bonded to oxygen to nitrogen.
- The stronger base is always a better nucleophile in an aprotic solvent.
(c)
Interpretation:
From the given species better nucleophile in the given solvent has to be identified.
Concept Introduction:
- Aprotic solvent are polar solvent molecules which do not have hydrogen bonded to oxygen to nitrogen.
- Protic solvent are polar solvent molecules which do have hydrogen bonded to oxygen to nitrogen
- The stronger base is always a better nucleophile in an aprotic solvent.
(d)
Interpretation:
From the given species better nucleophile in the given solvent has to be identified.
Concept Introduction:
- Aprotic solvent are polar solvent molecules which do not have hydrogen bonded to oxygen to nitrogen.
- Protic solvent are polar solvent molecules which do have hydrogen bonded to oxygen to nitrogen
- The stronger base is always a better nucleophile in an aprotic solvent.
(e)
Interpretation:
From the given species better nucleophile in the given solvent has to be identified.
Concept Introduction:
- Aprotic solvent are polar solvent molecules which do not have hydrogen bonded to oxygen to nitrogen.
- Protic solvent are polar solvent molecules which do have hydrogen bonded to oxygen to nitrogen
- The stronger base is always a better nucleophile in an aprotic solvent.
(f)
Interpretation:
From the given species better nucleophile in the given solvent has to be identified.
Concept Introduction:
- Aprotic solvent are polar solvent molecules which do not have hydrogen bonded to oxygen to nitrogen.
- Protic solvent are polar solvent molecules which do have hydrogen bonded to oxygen to nitrogen
- The stronger base is always a better nucleophile in an aprotic solvent.
(g)
Interpretation:
From the given species better nucleophile in the given solvent has to be identified.
Concept Introduction:
- Aprotic solvent are polar solvent molecules which do not have hydrogen bonded to oxygen to nitrogen.
- Protic solvent are polar solvent molecules which do have hydrogen bonded to oxygen to nitrogen
- The stronger base is always a better nucleophile in an aprotic solvent.
(h)
Interpretation:
From the given species better nucleophile in the given solvent has to be identified.
Concept Introduction:
- Aprotic solvent are polar solvent molecules which do not have hydrogen bonded to oxygen to nitrogen.
- Protic solvent are polar solvent molecules which do have hydrogen bonded to oxygen to nitrogen
- The stronger base is always a better nucleophile in an aprotic solvent.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 9 Solutions
EBK ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- Which member in each pair is a better leaving group? a. H2O or HO- b. NH3 or H2O c. H2O or H2S d. HO- or HS- e. I- or Br-. f. Cl- or Brarrow_forwardRank the nucleophiles in each group in order of increasing nucleophilicity.a. -OH, -NH2, H2Ob. -OH, Br-, F- (polar aprotic solvent)c. H2O, -OH, CH3CO2-arrow_forwardRank the following groups in order of basicity, nucleophilicity, and leaving group ability. a. Rank the groups from most basic to least. ○ H₂S > H₂O > NH3 H₂S > NH₂> H₂O O NH₂ > H₂S > H₂O NH₂ > H₂O > H₁₂S c. Rank the groups from best leaving group to worst. O H₂S > NH3 > H₂O 2 H₂S > H₂O > NH3 NH₂ > H₂S > H₂O ○ NH₂> H₂O > H₂S 3 b. Rank the groups from best nucleophile to worst. ○ NH₂> H₂S > H₂O NH₂> H₂O > H₂S O H₂S> H₂O > NH₂ ○ H₂S > NH3 > H₂Oarrow_forward
- Identify the stronger nucleophile in each pair of anions.a. Br- or Cl- in a polar protic solventb. HO- or Cl- in a polar aprotic solventc. HS- or F- in a polar protic solventarrow_forwardWhich is the better leaving group in each pair?a. Cl-, I-b. NH3, -NH2c. H2O, H2Sarrow_forward. Base . The imol 1. The forme e. Bas perfo In 1 Orav cta 1. Steric hindrance is the unfavorable electron-electron repulsion that results when bonds are forced too close to each other. a. Draw the SN2 mechanism using curved arrows for the reaction of bromoethane with Nu:-. siz b. Draw the SN2 mechanism using curved arrows for the reaction of 2-bromopropane with Nu:. vtisizvod c. Given that steric hindrance is unfavorable, predict whether the SN2 reaction of bromoethane or 2- bromopropane would be faster. d. Determine in general the order of reactivity of all alkyl halides in an SN2 reaction (methyl, 1º, etc.)arrow_forward
- ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305957404Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage LearningChemistryChemistryISBN:9781259911156Author:Raymond Chang Dr., Jason Overby ProfessorPublisher:McGraw-Hill EducationPrinciples of Instrumental AnalysisChemistryISBN:9781305577213Author:Douglas A. Skoog, F. James Holler, Stanley R. CrouchPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Organic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9780078021558Author:Janice Gorzynski Smith Dr.Publisher:McGraw-Hill EducationChemistry: Principles and ReactionsChemistryISBN:9781305079373Author:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. HurleyPublisher:Cengage LearningElementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind...ChemistryISBN:9781118431221Author:Richard M. Felder, Ronald W. Rousseau, Lisa G. BullardPublisher:WILEY