Chapter 9, Problem 9.37P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

A flow diagram for the process needs to be drawn and the molar amount of product stream component along with extent of reaction needs to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Flow chart for the process is determined on the values of input and output that is the amount of feed entered in the reactor and product is formed also helps to predict the amount accumulated during formation of product.

For a single reaction system, the final moles of each of the components present can be estimated by the equation:

$n_i=n_{io}+v_i\xi$ ....... (1)

Here, $n_i$ is the final moles of the component $i$, $n_{io}$ is the initial moles of the component $i$, $v_i$ is the stoichiometric coefficient of the component $i$ in the reaction and $\xi$ is the extent of the reaction. $v_i$ is taken as negative for reactants and positive for products.

The values of number of moles for product stream calculation is based on the number of moles for product is calculated from feed stream that is product formed with respect to the feed consumed reference need to be taken from given reaction

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

An assumption for which the value of energy balance $\Delta \stackrel{·}{H}=0$ needs to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The amount of heat transferred can be represented as follows:

$\begin{array}{l}Q\text{}=\sum _{out}n{\hat{H}}_i-\sum _{in}n{\hat{H}}_i\\ \end{array}$

Here, $\sum _{out}n{\hat{H}}_i$ is the heat of formation of product and $\sum _{in}n{\hat{H}}_i$ is the heat of formation of reactant.

Enthalpy of reactant and product depends upon the specific heat and the temperature difference.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The value of ${\hat{H}}_1$, ${\hat{H}}_2$, ${\hat{H}}_3$, ${\hat{H}}_4$ and ${\hat{H}}_5$ along with T_out is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

The amount of heat transferred is represented as follows:

$\begin{array}{l}Q\text{}=\sum _{out}n{\hat{H}}_i-\sum _{in}n{\hat{H}}_i\\ \end{array}$

Here, $\sum _{out}n{\hat{H}}_i$ is the heat of formation of product and $\sum _{in}n{\hat{H}}_i$ is the heat of formation of reactant.

Enthalpy of reactant and product depends upon the specific heat and the temperature difference.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

Percentage error for outlet temperature T_out is to be calculated for given condition.

Concept introduction:

The amount of heat transferred is represented as follows:

$Q\text{}=\sum _{out}n{\hat{H}}_i-\sum _{in}n{\hat{H}}_i$

Here, $\sum _{out}n{\hat{H}}_i$ is the heat of formation of product

And, $\sum _{in}n{\hat{H}}_i$ is the heat of formation of reactant

Enthalpy of reactant and product depends upon the specific heat and the temperature difference.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

Based on the value of T_out , whether it was a potential error or not needs to be determined for the given condition.

Concept introduction:

The amount of heat transferred is represented as follows:

$\begin{array}{l}Q\text{}=\sum _{out}n{\hat{H}}_i-\sum _{in}n{\hat{H}}_i\\ \end{array}$

Here, $\sum _{out}n{\hat{H}}_i$ is the heat of formation of product.

And, $\sum _{in}n{\hat{H}}_i$ is the heat of formation of reactant.

Where,

$\sum _{out}n{\hat{H}}_i=\underset{T_2}{\overset{T_1}{\int }}{c}_p\text{dt}$

$\sum _{in}n{\hat{H}}_i$

$=\underset{T_2}{\overset{T_1}{\int }}{c}_p\text{dt}$

Enthalpy of reactant and product depends upon the specific heat and the temperature difference.