Bundle: Chemistry for Engineering Students, 3rd, Loose-Leaf + OWLv2 with QuickPrep 24-Months Printed Access Card
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9781305367388
Author: Lawrence S. Brown, Tom Holme
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 9, Problem 9.32PAE
9.32 The material typically used to heat metal radiators is water. If a boiler generates water at 79.5°C, what mass of water was needed to provide the heat required in the previous problem? Water has a specific heat of
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5. A solution of sucrose is fermented in a vessel until the evolution of CO2 ceases. Then, the
product solution is analyzed and found to contain, 45% ethanol; 5% acetic acid; and 15%
glycerin by weight.
If the original charge is 500 kg, evaluate;
e. The ratio of sucrose to water in the original charge (wt/wt).
f. Moles of CO2 evolved.
g. Maximum possible amount of ethanol that could be formed.
h. Conversion efficiency.
i. Per cent excess of excess reactant.
Reactions:
Inversion reaction: C12H22O11 + H2O →2C6H12O6
Fermentation reaction: C6H12O6 →→2C2H5OH + 2CO2
Formation of acetic acid and glycerin: C6H12O6 + C2H5OH + H₂O→ CH3COOH + 2C3H8O3
Show work. don't give Ai generated solution. How many carbons and hydrogens are in the structure?
13. (11pts total) Consider the arrows pointing at three different carbon-carbon bonds in the
molecule depicted below.
Bond B
2°C. +2°C. cleavage
Bond A
•CH3 + 26.← Cleavage
2°C. +
Bond C
+3°C•
CH3 2C
Cleavage
E
2°C. 26.
weakest bond
Intact molecule
Strongest 3°C 20.
Gund
Largest
argest
a. (2pts) Which bond between A-C is weakest? Which is strongest? Place answers in
appropriate boxes.
C
Weakest
bond
A
Produces
Most
Bond
Strongest
Bond
Strongest Gund
produces least stable
radicals
Weakest
Stable radical
b. (4pts) Consider the relative stability of all cleavage products that form when bonds A,
B, AND C are homolytically cleaved/broken. Hint: cleavage products of bonds A, B,
and C are all carbon radicals.
i. Which ONE cleavage product is the most stable? A condensed or bond line
representation is fine.
13°C. formed in
bound C
cleavage
ii. Which ONE cleavage product is the least stable? A condensed or bond line
representation is fine.
• CH3
methyl radical
Formed in Gund A Cleavage
c.…
Chapter 9 Solutions
Bundle: Chemistry for Engineering Students, 3rd, Loose-Leaf + OWLv2 with QuickPrep 24-Months Printed Access Card
Ch. 9 - Explain the economic importance of conversions...Ch. 9 - • define work and beat using the standard sign...Ch. 9 - • define state functions and explain their...Ch. 9 - • state the first law of thermodynamics in words...Ch. 9 - • use calorimetric data to obtain values for E and...Ch. 9 - • define Hfo and write formation reactions for...Ch. 9 - • explain Hess’s law in your own words.Ch. 9 - • calculate H for chemical reactions from...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.1PAECh. 9 - Prob. 9.2PAE
Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.3PAECh. 9 - Prob. 9.4PAECh. 9 - Prob. 9.5PAECh. 9 - Prob. 9.6PAECh. 9 - Define the term internal energy.Ch. 9 - How fast (in meters per second) must an iron ball...Ch. 9 - What is the kinetic energy of a single molecule of...Ch. 9 - 9.10 The kinetic energy of molecules is often used...Ch. 9 - 9.11 Analyze the units of the quantity...Ch. 9 - 9.12 How many kilojoules are equal to 3.27 L atm...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.13PAECh. 9 - Prob. 9.14PAECh. 9 - 9.15 Carry out the following conversions of energy...Ch. 9 - 9.16 According to Figure 9.2, the total energy...Ch. 9 - 9.17 If a machine does 4.8103kJ of work after an...Ch. 9 - 9.18 Calculate (a) q when a system does 54J of...Ch. 9 - 9.19 If the algebraic sign of E is negative, in...Ch. 9 - 9.20 State the first law of thermodynamics briefly...Ch. 9 - 9.21 Which type of energy heat or work, is valued...Ch. 9 - 9.12 PV-work occurs when volume changes and...Ch. 9 - 9.23 Which system does not work: (a) E=436J ,...Ch. 9 - 9.29 In which case is heat added to the system:...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.25PAECh. 9 - 9.26 Gas furnaces have achieved impressive...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.27PAECh. 9 - 9.28 When an electrical appliance whose power...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.29PAECh. 9 - 9.30 For the example of shallow water and sandy...Ch. 9 - 9.31 A metal radiator is made from 26.0 kg of...Ch. 9 - 9.32 The material typically used to heat metal...Ch. 9 - 9.33 Copper wires used to transport electrical...Ch. 9 - 9.34 A copper nail and an iron nail of the same...Ch. 9 - 9.35 A piece of titanium metal with a mass of 20.8...Ch. 9 - 9.36 Define the term calibration.Ch. 9 - 9.37 A calorimeter contained 75.0 g of water at...Ch. 9 - 9.38 The energy densities of various types of coal...Ch. 9 - 9.39 How much thermal energy is required to heat...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.40PAECh. 9 - 9.41 Under what conditions does the enthalpy...Ch. 9 - 9.42 Why is enthalpy generally more useful than...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.43PAECh. 9 - Prob. 9.44PAECh. 9 - 9.45 What happens to the temperature of a material...Ch. 9 - 9.46 The heat of fusion of pure silicon is 43.4...Ch. 9 - 9.47 If 14.8 kJ of heat is given off when 1.6 g of...Ch. 9 - 9.48 Calculate the energy required to convert 1.70...Ch. 9 - 9.49 Hvap=31.3 kJ/mol for acetone. If 1.40 kg of...Ch. 9 - 9.50 When a 13.0-g sample of NaOH(s) dissolves in...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.51PAECh. 9 - 9.52 Write the formation reaction for each of the...Ch. 9 - Explain why each of the following chemical...Ch. 9 - Which of the following are state functions? (a)...Ch. 9 - 9.53 Using these reactions, find the standard...Ch. 9 - 9.54 The phase change between graphite and diamond...Ch. 9 - 9.55 Hydrogen gas will react with either acetylene...Ch. 9 - 9.56 Using heats of formation tabulated in...Ch. 9 - 9.57 The heat of combustion of butane is —2877...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.60PAECh. 9 - When a reaction is exothermic, is the sum of bond...Ch. 9 - 9.58 For the reaction C2H2(g)+2H2(g)C2H6,H=136 kJ....Ch. 9 - 9.59 For the reaction N2(g)+O2(g)2NO(g),H=180.5kJ...Ch. 9 - 9.60 Nitroglycenne, C3H5(NO3)3( l ), is an...Ch. 9 - 9.61 Silane, SiH4, burns according to the...Ch. 9 - 9.62 Sulfur trioxide can be removed from the...Ch. 9 - 9.63 Reactions of hydrocarhons are often studied...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.68PAECh. 9 - 9.65 When 0.0157 g of a compound with a heat of...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.70PAECh. 9 - Prob. 9.71PAECh. 9 - 9.68 What are some features of petroleum that make...Ch. 9 - 9.69 How are the roles of transmission substations...Ch. 9 - 9.70 Residential electric service in the United...Ch. 9 - 9.71 In recent years, the notion of a “smart grid”...Ch. 9 - 9.72 Although it can be a nuisance when a laptop...Ch. 9 - 9.85 The figure below shows a "self-cooling"...Ch. 9 - 9.86 You make some iced tea by dropping 134 g of...Ch. 9 - A student performing a calorimetry experiment...Ch. 9 - The specific heat of gold is 0.13 J g-1K-1, and...Ch. 9 - 9.87 What will be the final temperature of a...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.82PAECh. 9 - 9.89 A sample of gas is 80.0% CH4 and 20.0% C2H6...Ch. 9 - 9.90 Many engineering designs must incorporate...Ch. 9 - 9.91 You want to heat the air in your house with...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.86PAECh. 9 - Prob. 9.87PAECh. 9 - Prob. 9.88PAECh. 9 - 9.95 How much heat is required to convert 250 g of...Ch. 9 - 9.96 Most first aid "cold packs" are based on the...Ch. 9 - 9.97 Suppose that the working fluid inside an...Ch. 9 - 9.98 Hydrogen combines with oxygen in fuel cells...Ch. 9 - 9.99 The chemical reaction...Ch. 9 - 9.100 Two baking sheets are made of different...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.95PAECh. 9 - 9.102 A runner generates 418 kJ of energy per...Ch. 9 - 9.103 One reason why the energy density of a fuel...Ch. 9 - 9.104 An engineer is using sodium metal as a...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.99PAECh. 9 - Prob. 9.100PAECh. 9 - Prob. 9.101PAECh. 9 - Prob. 9.102PAECh. 9 - Prob. 9.103PAECh. 9 - Prob. 9.104PAE
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- Hi!! Please provide a solution that is handwritten. Ensure all figures, reaction mechanisms (with arrows and lone pairs please!!), and structures are clearly drawn to illustrate the synthesis of the product as per the standards of a third year organic chemistry course. ****the solution must include all steps, mechanisms, and intermediate structures as required. Please hand-draw the mechanisms and structures to support your explanation. Don’t give me AI-generated diagrams or text-based explanations, no wordy explanations on how to draw the structures I need help with the exact mechanism hand drawn by you!!! I am reposting this—ensure all parts of the question are straightforward and clear or please let another expert handle it thanks!!arrow_forwardHi!! Please provide a solution that is handwritten. Ensure all figures, reaction mechanisms (with arrows and lone pairs please!!), and structures are clearly drawn to illustrate the synthesis of the product as per the standards of a third year organic chemistry course. ****the solution must include all steps, mechanisms, and intermediate structures as required. Please hand-draw the mechanisms and structures to support your explanation. Don’t give me AI-generated diagrams or text-based explanations, no wordy explanations on how to draw the structures I need help with the exact mechanism hand drawn by you!!! I am reposting this—ensure all parts of the question are straightforward and clear or please let another expert handle it thanks!!arrow_forward. (11pts total) Consider the arrows pointing at three different carbon-carbon bonds in the molecule depicted below. Bond B 2°C. +2°C. < cleavage Bond A • CH3 + 26. t cleavage 2°C• +3°C• Bond C Cleavage CH3 ZC '2°C. 26. E Strongest 3°C. 2C. Gund Largest BDE weakest bond In that molecule a. (2pts) Which bond between A-C is weakest? Which is strongest? Place answers in appropriate boxes. Weakest C bond Produces A Weakest Bond Most Strongest Bond Stable radical Strongest Gund produces least stable radicals b. (4pts) Consider the relative stability of all cleavage products that form when bonds A, B, AND C are homolytically cleaved/broken. Hint: cleavage products of bonds A, B, and C are all carbon radicals. i. Which ONE cleavage product is the most stable? A condensed or bond line representation is fine. 人 8°C. formed in bound C cleavage ii. Which ONE cleavage product is the least stable? A condensed or bond line representation is fine. methyl radical •CH3 formed in bund A Cleavagearrow_forward
- Which carbocation is more stable?arrow_forwardAre the products of the given reaction correct? Why or why not?arrow_forwardThe question below asks why the products shown are NOT the correct products. I asked this already, and the person explained why those are the correct products, as opposed to what we would think should be the correct products. That's the opposite of what the question was asking. Why are they not the correct products? A reaction mechanism for how we arrive at the correct products is requested ("using key intermediates"). In other words, why is HCl added to the terminal alkene rather than the internal alkene?arrow_forward
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