9th Edition

ISBN: 9781133949640

Author: John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David Treichel

Publisher: Cengage Learning

Concept explainers

Formal charges have an important role in organic chemistry since this concept helps us to know whether an atom in a molecule is neutral/bears a positive or negative charge. Even if some molecules are neutral, the atoms within that molecule need not be ne…

Polarity Of Water

In simple chemical terms, polarity refers to the separation of charges in a chemical species leading into formation of two polar ends which are positively charged end and negatively charged end. Polarity in any molecule occurs due to the differences in t…

Valence Bond Theory Vbt

Valence bond theory (VBT) in simple terms explains how individual atomic orbitals with an unpaired electron each, come close to each other and overlap to form a molecular orbital giving a covalent bond. It gives a quantum mechanical approach to the forma…

Videos

Textbook Question

Chapter 9, Problem 56IL

Carbon dioxide (CO₂), dinitrogen monoxide (N₂O), the azide ion (N₃^–), and the cyanate ion (OCN^–) have the same geometry* and the same number of valence shell electrons. However, there are significant differences in their electronic structures.

(a) What hybridization is assigned to the central atom in each species? Which orbitals overlap to form the bonds between atoms in each structure.
(b) Evaluate the resonance structures of these four species. Which most closely describe the bonding in these species? Comment on the differences in bond lengths and bond orders that you expect to see based on the resonance structures.

Expert Solution & Answer

Trending nowThis is a popular solution!

See solution

Check out sample textbook solution

Chapter 9, Problem 55IL

Chapter 9, Problem 57IL

Students have asked these similar questions

Chances Ad ~stract one 11. (10pts total) Consider the radical chlorination of 1,3-diethylcyclohexane depicted below. 4 • 6H total $4th total Statistical pro 21 total 2 H A 2H 래 • 4H totul < 3°C-H werkest bund - abstraction he leads to then mo fac a) (6pts) How many unique mono-chlorinated products can be formed and what are the structures for the thermodynamically and statistically favored products? рос 6 -વા J Number of Unique Mono-Chlorinated Products Thermodynamically Favored Product Statistically Favored Product b) (4pts) Draw the arrow pushing mechanism for the FIRST propagation step (p-1) for the formation of the thermodynamically favored product. Only draw the p-1 step. You do not need to include lone pairs of electrons. No enthalpy calculation necessary H H-Cl

What is the lone pair or charge that surrounds the nitrogen here to give it that negative charge?

Last Name, Firs Statifically more chances to abstract one of these 6H 11. (10pts total) Consider the radical chlorination of 1,3-diethylcyclohexane depicted below. 4 • 6H total $ 4th total 21 total 4H total ZH 2H Statistical H < 3°C-H werkst - product bund abstraction here leads to the mo favored a) (6pts) How many unique mono-chlorinated products can be formed and what are the structures for the thermodynamically and statistically favored products? Proclict 6 Number of Unique Mono-Chlorinated Products f Thermodynamically Favored Product Statistically Favored Product b) (4pts) Draw the arrow pushing mechanism for the FIRST propagation step (p-1) for the formation of the thermodynamically favored product. Only draw the p-1 step. You do not need to include lone pairs of electrons. No enthalpy calculation necessary 'H H-Cl Waterfox

Chapter 9 Solutions

Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity

Ch. 9.2 - Use valence bond theory to describe the bonding in...Ch. 9.2 - Identify the hybridization of each underlined atom...Ch. 9.2 - Use valence bond theory to describe the bonding in...Ch. 9.2 - What is the hybridization of the S atom (the...Ch. 9.2 - 2. Which of the following is incorrect? The...Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 3RC Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 4RC Ch. 9.3 - What is the electron configuration of the H2+ ion?...Ch. 9.3 - Could the anion Li2 exist? What is the ions bond...Ch. 9.3 - The cations O2+ and N2+ are formed when molecules...

Knowledge Booster

Learn more about

Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, chemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.

Solution Summary: The author explains that the hybridization assigned to the central atom in each of the given species and the orbitals overlap to form the bonds should be determined.

Concept explainers

Videos

Chapter 9 Solutions