Concept explainers
A chromosome contains many different gene regions that are transcribed into different ________.
a. proteins | c.
|
b. polypeptides | d.
|
Introduction:
There is a variety of living organisms that are present in the environment. Most of the organisms contain a nucleus in which the genetic material is stored. The genetic material plays a very crucial role in the functions of the organism. A chromosome is a part of genetic material that contains genes. It is present in the nucleus.
Answer to Problem 1SA
Correct answer:
The regions of a chromosome that contains genes are transcribed into
Explanation of Solution
Reason for correct answer:
Option c. is given as “
Reason for incorrect answer:
Option a. is given as, “proteins.”
The process of producing proteins from the information present in the genes is called translation. However, transcription does not include the conversion of information present in the genes into proteins. Hence, option a. is incorrect.
Option b. is given as, “polypeptides.”
The units that join amino acids together to form protein molecules are called polypeptides. This type of conversion is not observed during transcription. However, the process of formation of polypeptides from the information present in the genes is called translation and not transcription. Hence, option b. is incorrect.
Option d. is given as, “
A nucleotide contains three constituents that are “pentose sugar (deoxyribose), nitrogenous bases and a phosphate group.” Many nucleotides join together to form a polymer called as nucleic acid.
Hence, the options a., b., and d. are incorrect.
The genes present on the chromosomes are transcribed into
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 9 Solutions
Biology: Concepts and Applications (MindTap Course List)
- Euchromatin refers to regions of DNA that are loosely packed to increase the efficiency of transcription. Which of the following would you expect to find in a region of euchromatin? A. more thymines B. fewer thymines C. more histones D. fewer histonesarrow_forward________ is required to give cells unique specializations. a. Protein synthesis b. DNA replication c. Gene expressionarrow_forwardHow many copies of the H2B histone would be found in chromatin containing 50 nucleosomes? a. 5 b. 10 c. 50 d. 100arrow_forward
- The nuclear matrix composition: a. lamina, nucleosome b. cortex, lamina, c. nucleosome d. lamina, interchromatin networkarrow_forwardEach of the following statements about protein synthesis is false.Correct each to make a true statement. a. In a gene, each nucleotide specifies one amino acid in a protein sequence. b. A transcription factor must bind to the promoter region of a gene before the enzyme DNA synthetase is able to bind and begin transcription. c. The enzyme RNA polymerase builds a strand of transfer RNA, whose codons are complementary to DNA’s triplets. d. Proteins destined for secretion from the cell enter the nucleus after translation, to be folded and modified. e. During translation, amino acids are delivered by the messenger RNA transcriparrow_forwardAdult stem cells, such as those in the bone marrow, brain, or hair follicles, can best be described as ______, whereas embryonic stem cells are described as ______. a. totipotent; pluripotent b. pluripotent; multipotent c. multipotent; pluripotent d. totipotent; multipotentarrow_forward
- Which of the following cell types will most likely reach cell senescence after many rounds of replication? A. Adult stem cells B. Cancer cells C. Normal adult somatic cells D. Embryonic stem cellsarrow_forwardTransfer RNA ____________________. a. Carries amino acids to the ribosome b. Carries information from the DNA to the ribosome c. Helps make up the ribosome d. Carries oxygen to cellsarrow_forwardThe CFTR membrane protein has an alpha helix that spans the membrane. The amino acid sequence of the central portion of this alpha helix, which is embedded within the membrane, is which one of the sequences below? Sequences are provided in the single letter code. a. VVVEVVVVEVVEEEVE b. VVVLVVVVLVVLLLVL c. VVVLVVVVREERRRER d. EEEREEEEREERRRERarrow_forward
- For each example: a. fill in the complimentary DNA strand b. fill in the correct mRNA bases by transcribing the bottom DNA code c. fill in the correct tRNA bases d. translate the MRNA codons to find the correct amino acids Example #1 5' 3' (A (A DNA MRNA TRNA Amino Acidsarrow_forwardWhat might best explain why the incidence of cancer increases as people age? Select one: a. mutations accumulate as people age b. cell division increases as people age c. protein synthesis increases as people age d. telomerase activity increases as people age e. ATP production increases as people agearrow_forwardLoosening the chromatin structure occurs because of Select one: a. Lysine methylation b. Lysine acetylation c. Lysine phosphorylation d. Lysine sumoylationarrow_forward
- Biology Today and Tomorrow without Physiology (Mi...BiologyISBN:9781305117396Author:Cecie Starr, Christine Evers, Lisa StarrPublisher:Cengage LearningHuman Biology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305112100Author:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Concepts of BiologyBiologyISBN:9781938168116Author:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James WisePublisher:OpenStax CollegeEssentials of Pharmacology for Health ProfessionsNursingISBN:9781305441620Author:WOODROWPublisher:Cengage