Biochemistry, The Molecular Basis of Life, 6th Edition
Biochemistry, The Molecular Basis of Life, 6th Edition
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780190259204
Author: Trudy McKee, James R. McKee
Publisher: Oxford University Press
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Chapter 9, Problem 17RQ
Summary Introduction

To analyze:

The difference in energy between the oxidation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) by oxygen (O2)and sulfur(S).

Introduction:

The change in free energy is Gibbs free energy (∆G°)that is released or utilized in every chemical reaction occurring in nature. This energy is needed to do any work where it is required.

Expert Solution & Answer
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Explanation of Solution

In this reaction, the energy produced for the oxidation of NADH by O2 is as follows:-

a.12 oxygen(O2)+ NADH + hydrogen ion(H+)water(H2O)+ NAD+

ΔG°= -nFΔE°

n= the number of electrons transferred

F= the Faraday constant (96,485 Joule/Volt.mole)

ΔEοf = the difference in reduction potential between the electron donor and the electron acceptor

In this reaction, twoelectrons are being transferred, therefore, n= 2. In this reaction, the electron acceptor is O2 and the electron donor is NADH. The number of electrons transferred is two. The reduction potential for O2 is 0.815V and for NADH it is -0.32V.

ΔE° =ΔE°(electron acceptor) ΔE°(electron donor)ΔE°=ΔE°(O2)ΔE°(NADH)ΔE°=(0.815 V)(0.32V)ΔE°=+1.135 V

ΔG°= (2) (96.5 kJ/V. mol) (1.135 V)ΔG°= (193) (1.135 V)ΔG°= 219.05 kJ/mol.

In the other reaction, the energy produced for the oxidation of NADH by S is as follows:-

b. Sulphur(S) + NADH + hydrogen ion(H+)Hydrogensulphide(H2S)+ NAD+

ΔG°= -nFΔE°

Substituting the values of reduction potential for S and NADH.

ΔE° =ΔE° (electron acceptor) ΔE° (electron donor)ΔE° =ΔE° (S)ΔE° (NADH)ΔE° =(0.23 V)(0.32V)ΔE° =+0.09 V

ΔG°= (2) (96.5 kJ/V. mol) (0.09 V)ΔG°= (193) (0.09V)ΔG°= 17.37 kJ/mol.

The difference between the energy produced during the oxidation of NADH by O2 and S is:

ΔG°=ΔG°(O2) -ΔG°(S) 

ΔG°=(219.05kJ/mol)(17.37kJ/mol)

ΔG°=(-219.05kJ/mol+ 17.37kJ/mol )

ΔG°=(-201.68kJ/mol)

Conclusion

Therefore, it can be concluded that the difference between the energy produced during oxidation of NADH by O2 and S is -201.68 kJ/mol.

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