Brock Biology of Microorganisms (15th Edition)
15th Edition
ISBN: 9780134261928
Author: Michael T. Madigan, Kelly S. Bender, Daniel H. Buckley, W. Matthew Sattley, David A. Stahl
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 8.5, Problem 2MQ
Summary Introduction
The virus replication can occur either as lytic or lysogenic pathway. In lytic cycle, the host cell membrane gets destructed after the formation of new virus. The lytic virus replication is best studied in T4 bacteriophage. This virus infects the host cell by attachment and then it makes a hole in the host cell membrane to insert the genetic material into the host cell.
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Students have asked these similar questions
How is host cell lysis triggered after bacteriophage invasion? What are the outcomes to bacterial host physiology if the bacteriophage undergoes the lysogenic cycle?
Bacteriophage T4 lacks its own RNA polymerase.How do T4 genes get expressed or converted to mRNA?What host barriers must be broken before release ofvirions from the host cell?
What is the difference between the lytic and lysogenic cycle of bacteriophages?
In the lysogenic cycle, the phage DNA integrates itself into the host genome after penetration, and continues to biosynthesis when conditions change
The host cell is not killed in the lysogenic cycle
The lytic cycle occurs in the nucleus, while the lysogenic cycle occurs in the cytoplasm
In the lysogenic cycle, penetration is achieved through phagocytosis
Chapter 8 Solutions
Brock Biology of Microorganisms (15th Edition)
Ch. 8.1 - How does a virus differ from a cell?Ch. 8.1 - Why does a virus need a host cell?Ch. 8.1 - Compared with cells, what is unusual about viral...Ch. 8.1 - Once inside a host prokaryotic cell, what are the...Ch. 8.2 - Distinguish between a capsid and a capsomere. What...Ch. 8.2 - What is the difference between a naked virus and...Ch. 8.2 - What kinds of enzymes can be found within the...Ch. 8.2 - Where does the envelope surrounding animal viruses...Ch. 8.3 - What is packaged into capsids during maturation?Ch. 8.3 - Explain the term burst size.
Ch. 8.3 - Prob. 3MQCh. 8.3 - Why does a one-step growth curve differ in shape...Ch. 8.4 - What is meant by a viral titer?Ch. 8.4 - What is a plaque-forming unit?Ch. 8.4 - What is meant by the term plating efficiency?Ch. 8.4 - Describe the events that occur on an agar plate...Ch. 8.5 - How does attachment contribute to virushost...Ch. 8.5 - Prob. 2MQCh. 8.5 - Prob. 3MQCh. 8.5 - What is required for a bacteriophage T4 virion to...Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 1MQCh. 8.6 - Give one example each of T4 early, middle, and...Ch. 8.6 - What is required to package the T4 genome into its...Ch. 8.6 - Bacteriophage T4 lacks its own RNA polymerase. How...Ch. 8.7 - What is a lysogen and what is a prophage?Ch. 8.7 - How does DNA replication in lambda differ from...Ch. 8.7 - What commits lambda to the lytic versus the...Ch. 8.7 - What enzyme is required to form a prophage, and...Ch. 8.8 - Prob. 1MQCh. 8.8 - What is the difference between a persistent and a...Ch. 8.8 - Prob. 3MQCh. 8.8 - Why can it be said that the retrovirus genome is...Ch. 8 - What causes the viral plaques that appear on a...Ch. 8 - The promoters on genes encoding early proteins in...Ch. 8 - Under some conditions, it is possible to obtain...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- In what major way does transcription of phage DNA differ inphages T4 and T7?arrow_forwardWhat type of infection is caused by a temperate phage?arrow_forwardImagine that a drug was discovered that is able to bind to and cut off the 5' cap of the coronavirus RNA genome once it enters the host cytoplasm. Based on this description, which of the following steps of the infection cycle would this drug directly inhibit? a) Entry b) Synthesis c) Attachment d) Release e) Assemblyarrow_forward
- Which of the following is a possible result of viral infection in eukaryotic host cells? O 1) Syncytialization of host cells. O 2) Inclusion bodies within the cytoplasm. O 3) oncogenesis. O 4) Host cell death 5) All of the abovearrow_forwardWhat role do the host cells proteases play in infection, i.e., in viruses gainging access to the host cells cytoplasm?arrow_forwardHow does Escherichia coli try to protect itself from phage attack,and how does T4 protect itself from these weapons?arrow_forward
- In electron micrographs of HSV infection, it can be seen that the intact virus initially reacts with cell-surface proteoglycans, then with specific receptors. This is later followed by viral capsids docking with nuclear pores. Afterward, the capsids go from being full to being "empty." Which of the following statements best fits these observations? The viral envelope is not required for infectivity, since the envelope does not enter the nucleus. The viral envelope mediates entry into the cell, the capsid mediates entry into the nuclear membrane, and the genome is all that enters the nucleus. Only the genetic material of the virus is involved in the cell's infectivity, and is injected into the host cell like the genome of a phage. Viral capsids are needed for the cell to become infected; since the full capsids enter the nucleus.arrow_forwardIn what part of the host cell does a herpesvirus genome replicate? Where does the viral genome reside during a latent infection?arrow_forwardWhich statement among A-D is false regarding bacterial toxins? A) O Hemolysıns are cell membrane disrupters that can rupture red blood cells. B) O Second mesengar pathway disrupters like cholera toxin produces a debilitating respiratory condition of the lungs. C) O Shiga toxin, tetanus toxin, and hemolysins are all types of exotoxins. D) O Superantigens elicit a hyperactive response by the immune system and can lead to shock. E) O None are false, A-D are all true statements.arrow_forward
- Why must the top agar be supplemented with maltose? A) Maltose allows for binding of the phage to the E. Coli and aids in the infection process B) Maltose helps stabilize the phage within the mediaarrow_forwardHow does lambda excise and replicate during the lytic cycle? Explain the factors that determinelysis vs. lysogeny.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is characteristic of the lytic cycle? a) The virus-host relationship usually lasts for generations b) The viral genome replicates by destroying the host cell c) A single phage being released at a time d) Viral DNA is incorporated into the host genomearrow_forward
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