Biology
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780134813448
Author: Audesirk, Teresa, Gerald, Byers, Bruce E.
Publisher: Pearson,
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Textbook Question
Chapter 8.1, Problem 1CYL
- explain how photosynthesis and glucose breakdown are related to one another using their overall chemical equations?
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For the following questions, choose one to discuss: chloroplast/photosynthesis State at the outset which one you will discuss.
A) What role do proton gradients play in the process of photosynthesis proton gradients allow
B) Where are proton gradients formed? Within what structures are they seen in chloroplasts How do the structures help them to maintain a gradient?
C) Explain where and how the chloroplast or mitochondria uses passive transport and active transport to complete photosynthesis or cellular respiration.
To understand photosynthesis, it is important to first understand the larger picture of what molecules the cell uses and generates and how the different molecules cycle between different reactions. The diagram shows a broad overview of the two stages of photosynthesis. Select the label that best corresponds to the lettered blanks in the diagram below.
The parentheses represent the choices for each label on the graph.
A. (ADP, ATP, O2, Co2)
B. (NADPH, Sugars, NADP+, Sunlight)
C. (H2O, Sugars, O2, Co2)
D. (Sugars, Co2, O2)
(c) Compare the differences between oxidative phosphorylation and photophosphorylation by
redrawing (if necessary) and completing the table given below:
Table 1: Comparison of oxidative phosphorylation and photophosphorylation
Oxidative phosphorylation
Photophosphorylation
Organelle
Source of electrons
Final electron acceptor
Source of energy
Role of ATP
Chapter 8 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 8.1 - explain how photosynthesis and glucose breakdown...Ch. 8.1 - summarize glucose breakdown in the presence and...Ch. 8.2 - What is the net energy yield in ATP and NADH...Ch. 8.2 - explain the energy investment and...Ch. 8.2 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 8.3 - How would the rate of ATP production be affected...Ch. 8.3 - Cyanide is a favorite poison in old murder...Ch. 8.3 - Raising a King The mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) that...Ch. 8.3 - summarize the two major stages of cellular...Ch. 8.3 - explain how ATP is generated by chemiosmosis?
Ch. 8.3 - describe the role of oxygen in cellular...Ch. 8.4 - Prob. 1TCCh. 8.4 - What would happen if cells were prevented from...Ch. 8.4 - Prob. 1CSCCh. 8.4 - explain the function of fermentation and the...Ch. 8.4 - compare the two types of fermentation?Ch. 8.4 - list some examples of human uses of each type of...Ch. 8.4 - Jeremy has always had difficulty walking rapidly...Ch. 8 - Which of the following is True for one glucose...Ch. 8 - Prob. 2MCCh. 8 - Prob. 3MCCh. 8 - Prob. 4MCCh. 8 - Prob. 5MCCh. 8 - Prob. 1FIBCh. 8 - Prob. 2FIBCh. 8 - Prob. 3FIBCh. 8 - Prob. 4FIBCh. 8 - Prob. 5FIBCh. 8 - Prob. 1RQCh. 8 - Draw and label a mitochondrion, and explain how...Ch. 8 - What role do the following play in breaking down...Ch. 8 - Prob. 4RQCh. 8 - Prob. 5RQCh. 8 - Prob. 6RQCh. 8 - Prob. 7RQCh. 8 - Compare the structure of chloroplasts (described...Ch. 8 - Some species of bacteria use aerobic respiration,...Ch. 8 - Prob. 2ACCh. 8 - Prob. 3ACCh. 8 - Some species of bacteria that live at the surface...
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- Explain how cellular respiration and photosynthesis are interrelated. (hint: there are three ways)arrow_forwardLook at the equation for photosynthesis and try to explain a basic overview of the process of photosynthesis. What is happening? What is being made and what is being used? Why is it important? In order to make one molecule of glucose, 2 G3P molecules are needed. In which step of the Calvin Cycle is the G3P made?arrow_forwardWrite the overall net reaction for photosyynthetic Co2 fixation. (Take into account both light and cark reaction of photosynthesis?)arrow_forward
- Identify the overall equation for photosynthesis.arrow_forwardDraw a diagram of the dark phase of photosynthesis. You must represent this phase in the form of a cycle indicating the parts of carboxylation, reduction, generation of hexoses and regeneration. Ribulose, CO2, rubisco, phosphoglycerate (PGA), bisphosphoglycerate, phosphoglyceraldehyde (PGAL), ATP, ADP, NADPH, NADP, kinase, fructose, and glucose should appear.arrow_forwardIn photosynthesis, which of the following is NOT true about the light-dependent (“light”) reaction? In photosynthesis, which of the following is NOT true about the light-dependent (“light”) reaction? Glucose is synthesized from CO2 and water during the light-dependent reaction The light-dependent reaction converts light energy to chemical energy stored in ATP The light-dependent reaction (non-cyclic) captures electrons in NADPH Light-excited electrons in chlorophyll provide the energy for ATP production None of the other four answers (All are true of the light-dependent reaction)arrow_forward
- Photosynthesis is an endothermic reaction because it uses solar energy to build glucose molecules. Rubisco, an enzyme found in plants, is critical to this process. How does the presence of rubisco affect the change in free energy consumed or produced by the reactants and products? The presence of rubisco increases the free energy produced by the reactants, but the free energy consumed by glucose stays constant. The presence of rubisco increases the free energy consumed by glucose, but maintains the free energy produced by the initial reactants. The presence of rubisco decreases the energy required for activation in the transition state and increases the free energy consumed by glucose. The presence of rubisco decreases the energy required for activation in the transition state, but the change in the free energy of the reactants and products remains constant.arrow_forwardThree plants grow side by side in a pond. Glucose and starch are measured for each and shown in relative units below, along with the pH of the vacuole at dawn and at noon. Plant Glucose Starch Vacuolar pH, dawn Vacuolar pH, noon A 100 50 1 4 B 100 10 4 4 C 1,000 2 4 4 Part A:Explain what kind of photosynthesis is being done by each plant with some details about how each works. Justify your answer. Part B:Decipher which plant is biochemically defective after the light-independent reactions and explain how you deciphered this.arrow_forwardCompare and contrast the processes of cyclic and non cyclic phosphorylation as follows: 1. Source of electrons (Donor) 2. Final acceptor of electrons 3. Products 4. Pathway of electron flow 5. Photosystems involvedarrow_forward
- In the diagram of photosynthesis shown here, fill in each blank with the appropriate term: (a) Sunlight; (b) CO2; (c) Oxygen; (d) H2O; (e) ATP and NADPH; (f) ADP and NADP+; (g) Sugar; (h) Light reactions; (i) Calvin cycle.arrow_forwardExplain the reciprocal nature of the net chemical reactions for photosynthesis and respiration.arrow_forwardConsider how the Hill Reaction might be used to investigate how the wavelength of light influences the rate electrons move in the electron transport chain of the chloroplast. a) Design an experiment to compare the effects of blue light and green light on the Hill Reaction. (Assume that you have filters that you can attach to your light source to control the wavelength of light.) b) Based on your knowledge of photosynthesis, how would you expect the color of the light to effect the movement of electrons? c) Draw a line graph of your expected results.arrow_forward
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