Biology
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780134813448
Author: Audesirk, Teresa, Gerald, Byers, Bruce E.
Publisher: Pearson,
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Chapter 8, Problem 4AC
Some species of bacteria that live at the surface of sediment on the bottom of lakes are capable of using either glycolysis plus fermentation or
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We have seen that energy is essential for life on earth. All organisms need energy to maintain their cellular processes. There are two basic ways of generating energy de novo, at the base of food webs. Describe the two primary ways that autotrophic organisms generate energy, including the original source of energy and the primary organisms that carry out each process.
Methanopyrus kandleri and Pyrolobus fumarij are bacteria that live near hydrothermal vents under the oceans. Temperatures at these vents can reach well over 100 degrees Celsius.
Both organisms obtain energy from hydrogen but Methanopyrus kandleri grows best at 98 degrees Celsius while Pyrolobus fumarij prefers to reproduce at temperatures above 100 degrees Celsius. These bacteria provide the base of a food web at the bottom of the ocean floor.
What questions could a student ask in order to investigate this difference between the bacteria?
A.
What kind of heat tolerance do other nearby organisms have?
B.
Does the Methanopyrus kandleri live farther away from the vent than the Pyrolobus fumarij?
C.
Does Methanopyrus kandleri have a thicker cell wall than Pyrolobus fumarij?
D.
Is one organism better adapted to the environment than the other?
Why does decomposition by microbes deplete O2 ?
Chapter 8 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 8.1 - explain how photosynthesis and glucose breakdown...Ch. 8.1 - summarize glucose breakdown in the presence and...Ch. 8.2 - What is the net energy yield in ATP and NADH...Ch. 8.2 - explain the energy investment and...Ch. 8.2 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 8.3 - How would the rate of ATP production be affected...Ch. 8.3 - Cyanide is a favorite poison in old murder...Ch. 8.3 - Raising a King The mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) that...Ch. 8.3 - summarize the two major stages of cellular...Ch. 8.3 - explain how ATP is generated by chemiosmosis?
Ch. 8.3 - describe the role of oxygen in cellular...Ch. 8.4 - Prob. 1TCCh. 8.4 - What would happen if cells were prevented from...Ch. 8.4 - Prob. 1CSCCh. 8.4 - explain the function of fermentation and the...Ch. 8.4 - compare the two types of fermentation?Ch. 8.4 - list some examples of human uses of each type of...Ch. 8.4 - Jeremy has always had difficulty walking rapidly...Ch. 8 - Which of the following is True for one glucose...Ch. 8 - Prob. 2MCCh. 8 - Prob. 3MCCh. 8 - Prob. 4MCCh. 8 - Prob. 5MCCh. 8 - Prob. 1FIBCh. 8 - Prob. 2FIBCh. 8 - Prob. 3FIBCh. 8 - Prob. 4FIBCh. 8 - Prob. 5FIBCh. 8 - Prob. 1RQCh. 8 - Draw and label a mitochondrion, and explain how...Ch. 8 - What role do the following play in breaking down...Ch. 8 - Prob. 4RQCh. 8 - Prob. 5RQCh. 8 - Prob. 6RQCh. 8 - Prob. 7RQCh. 8 - Compare the structure of chloroplasts (described...Ch. 8 - Some species of bacteria use aerobic respiration,...Ch. 8 - Prob. 2ACCh. 8 - Prob. 3ACCh. 8 - Some species of bacteria that live at the surface...
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- State whether the following is True or False of the process of eutrophication from the overuse of fertilizers. Group of answer choices Eutrophication often starts with stimulating algal growth [ Choose ] TRUE FALSE Eutrophication results in loss of dissolved oxygen from the process of photosynthesis [ Choose ] TRUE FALSE It is the decomposition of algae after algal blooms that lead to bacterial growth causing a loss of oxygen [ Choose ] TRUE FALSE Eutrophication is a natural process and can occur in the absence of fertilizers [ Choose ] TRUE FALSEarrow_forwardWhat would happen if all microorganisms were to vanish from the nitrogen cycle? Give an explanation for your response.arrow_forwardMatch the following biogeochemical cycles terms to the correct definiton. In this cycle the absorption of this 1. bio-essential element from the atmosphere increases the pH of the oceans. The main reservoir of this nutrient 2. is in the building block for all necessary biomolecules (fats, proteins, and carbohydrates) that constitute an important part of the inorganic matter. The element of this cycle is stored 3. in long-term in Carbonate rocks (e.g., limestone) And Fossil carbon (e.g., oil, coal) SInk The material flows in from the 4. reservoir. Source The reincorporation of this 5. element in its cycle is slow Carbon cycle because a considerable amount of it is stored in animal epidermal Phosphorus cycle alpha-keratin protein filaments. In this cycle the fungi from 6. the Rhizobium family helps in the Nitrogen cycle fixation of this element into the soil. Most plants cannot access this 7. nutrient from the atmosphere; therefore, they obtain it from the soil. This cycle refers to a 8.…arrow_forward
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