Explanation Given information: The reactions are as follows: Cl ( g ) + CH 4 ( g ) → CH 3 Cl ( g ) + H ( g ) Cl ( g ) + CH 4 ( g ) → CH 3 ( g ) + HCl ( g ) The reaction (a)is as follows: Cl ( g ) + CH 4 ( g ) → CH 3 Cl ( g ) + H ( g ) In this reaction, first, the bond between carbon and hydrogen is broken and then, the bond between carbon and chlorine is formed. So, the enthalpy change can be calculated from the difference between the bond enthalpies of carbon–hydrogen and carbon–chlorine. With reference totable 8.6 , The bond enthalpies are as follows: Δ H ° ( C − Cl ) = 339 kJ / mol Δ H ° ( C − H ) = 414 kJ / mol The enthalpy change of the given reaction is as follows: Δ H ° r x n = Δ H ° ( C − H ) − Δ H ° ( C − Cl ) Substitute 339 kJ / mol for Δ H ° ( C − Cl ) and 414 kJ / mol for Δ H ° ( C − H ) in the above equation as follows: Thus, Δ H °

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Author: Julia Burdge

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Chapter 8, Problem 98AP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reaction that occurs more readily is to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Bond enthalpy is the energy required to break a single bond.

In the gaseous phase, the enthalpy change can be calculated as follows:

ΔH°=total energy input to break bonds−total energy released by bond formation

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Chapter 8, Problem 97AP

Chapter 8, Problem 99AP

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Chapter 8 Solutions

CHEMISTRY >CUSTOM<

Ch. 8.1 - Practice ProblemATTEMPT Write Lewis dot symbols...Ch. 8.1 - Practice Problem BUILD Indicate the charge on...Ch. 8.1 - Practice ProblemCONCEPTUALIZE For each of the...Ch. 8.1 - 8.1.1 Using only a periodic table, determine the...Ch. 8.1 - 8.1.2 Using only a periodic table, determine the...Ch. 8.1 - To which group does element X belong if its Lewis...Ch. 8.1 - Prob. 4CP Ch. 8.2 - Prob. 1PPA Ch. 8.2 - Practice ProblemBUILD Arrange the compounds NaF,...Ch. 8.2 - Practice ProblemCONCEPTUALIZE Common ions of four...

Ch. 8.2 - 8.2.1 Will the lattice energy of KF be larger or...Ch. 8.2 - 8.2.2 Using the following data, calculate the...Ch. 8.2 - 8.2.3 Lattice energies are graphed for three...Ch. 8.3 - Practice ProblemATTEMPT Using data from Figures...Ch. 8.3 - Prob. 1PPB Ch. 8.3 - Prob. 1PPC Ch. 8.4 - Practice Problem ATTEMPT Classify the following...Ch. 8.4 - Prob. 1PPB Ch. 8.4 - Prob. 1PPC Ch. 8.4 - In which of the following molecules are the bonds...Ch. 8.4 - Using data from Table 8.5, calculate the magnitude...Ch. 8.4 - Prob. 3CP Ch. 8.4 - Prob. 4CP Ch. 8.5 - Prob. 1PPA Ch. 8.5 - Prob. 1PPB Ch. 8.5 - Two pairs of elements are highlighted in the...Ch. 8.5 - Identify the correct Lewis structure for formic...Ch. 8.5 - Identity the correct Lewis structure for hydrogen...Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 1PPA Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 1PPB Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 1PPC Ch. 8.6 - Determine the formal charges on H, C, and N,...Ch. 8.6 - 8.6.2 Which of the Lewis structures shown is most...Ch. 8.7 - Prob. 1PPA Ch. 8.7 - Practice ProblemBUILD Draw the Lewis structure for...Ch. 8.7 - Practice Problem CONCEPTUALIZE Of the three Lewis...Ch. 8.7 - Indicate which of the following are resonance...Ch. 8.7 - 8.7.2 How many resonance structures can be drawn...Ch. 8.8 - Prob. 1PPA Ch. 8.8 - Prob. 1PPB Ch. 8.8 - Practice Problem CONCEPTUALIZE The hypothetical...Ch. 8.8 - In which of the following species does the central...Ch. 8.8 - Prob. 2CP Ch. 8.8 - In which species does the central atom obey the...Ch. 8.8 - 8.8.4 How many lone pairs are there on the central...Ch. 8.9 - Prob. 1PPA Ch. 8.9 - Practice ProblemBUILD Use Lewis structures and...Ch. 8.9 - Prob. 1PPC Ch. 8.9 - 8.9.1 Use data from Table 8.6 to estimate for the...Ch. 8.9 - Use data from Table 8.6 to estimate Δ H rxn for...Ch. 8.9 - Use bond enthalpies to determine Δ H rxn for the...Ch. 8.9 - Prob. 4CP Ch. 8.10 - Practice ProblemATTEMPT Draw all possible...Ch. 8.10 - Prob. 1PPB Ch. 8.10 - Practice ProblemCONCEPTUALIZE The Lewis structure...Ch. 8.11 - Prob. 1PPA Ch. 8.11 - Prob. 1PPB Ch. 8.11 - Prob. 1PPC Ch. 8.12 - Prob. 1PPA Ch. 8.12 - Prob. 1PPB Ch. 8.12 - Prob. 1PPC Ch. 8.13 - Prob. 1PPA Ch. 8.13 - Practice Problem BUILD Using the following...Ch. 8.13 - Prob. 1PPC Ch. 8 - 8.1 Which of the following atoms must always obey...Ch. 8 - Prob. 2KSP Ch. 8 - Prob. 3KSP Ch. 8 - Prob. 4KSP Ch. 8 - What is a Lewis dot symbol? What elements do we...Ch. 8 - Use the second member of each group from Group 1A...Ch. 8 - Prob. 3QP Ch. 8 - 8.4 Write Lewis dot symbols for the following...Ch. 8 - Write Lewis dot symbols for the following atoms...Ch. 8 - Prob. 6QP Ch. 8 - Prob. 7QP Ch. 8 - Name five metals and five nonmetals that are very...Ch. 8 - Prob. 9QP Ch. 8 - Prob. 10QP Ch. 8 - Prob. 11QP Ch. 8 - The term molar mass was introduced in Chapter 3....Ch. 8 - Prob. 13QP Ch. 8 - Prob. 14QP Ch. 8 - Prob. 15QP Ch. 8 - Explain how the lattice energy of an ionic...Ch. 8 - Prob. 17QP Ch. 8 - Prob. 18QP Ch. 8 - 8.19 Use the Born-Haber cycle outlined in Section...Ch. 8 - Calculate the lattice energy of CaCl 2 . Use data...Ch. 8 - An ionic bond is formed between a cation A + and...Ch. 8 - Prob. 22QP Ch. 8 - Use Lewis dot symbols to show the transfer of...Ch. 8 - Write the Lewis dot symbols of the reactants and...Ch. 8 - 8.25 Describe Lewis’s contribution to our...Ch. 8 - Prob. 26QP Ch. 8 - Prob. 27QP Ch. 8 - Prob. 28QP Ch. 8 - Prob. 29QP Ch. 8 - Prob. 30QP Ch. 8 - Prob. 31QP Ch. 8 - Prob. 32QP Ch. 8 - Prob. 33QP Ch. 8 - Define electronegativity, and explain the...Ch. 8 - Prob. 35QP Ch. 8 - Prob. 36QP Ch. 8 - List the following bonds in order of increasing...Ch. 8 - Classify the following bonds as covalent, polar...Ch. 8 - 8.41 Classify the following bonds as covalent,...Ch. 8 - 8.42 List the following bonds in order of...Ch. 8 - Prob. 41QP Ch. 8 - Prob. 42QP Ch. 8 - Draw Lewis structures for the following molecules...Ch. 8 - Draw Lewis structures for the following molecules:...Ch. 8 - Prob. 45QP Ch. 8 - Prob. 46QP Ch. 8 - 8.51 Draw Lewis structures for the following ions:...Ch. 8 - Draw Lewis structures for the following ions: (a)...Ch. 8 - Prob. 49QP Ch. 8 - Prob. 50QP Ch. 8 - Prob. 51QP Ch. 8 - Prob. 52QP Ch. 8 - Prob. 53QP Ch. 8 - 8.58 Draw three resonance structures for the...Ch. 8 - Prob. 55QP Ch. 8 - Prob. 56QP Ch. 8 - Draw three reasonable resonance structures for the...Ch. 8 - Draw three resonance structures for the molecule N...Ch. 8 - Prob. 59QP Ch. 8 - Prob. 60QP Ch. 8 - Prob. 61QP Ch. 8 - Prob. 62QP Ch. 8 - Prob. 63QP Ch. 8 - Prob. 64QP Ch. 8 - Prob. 65QP Ch. 8 - The AlI 3 molecule has an incomplete octet around...Ch. 8 - Prob. 67QP Ch. 8 - Prob. 68QP Ch. 8 - 8.73 Write a Lewis structure for Does this...Ch. 8 - Prob. 70QP Ch. 8 - Prob. 71QP Ch. 8 - 8.76 Draw two resonance structures for the bromate...Ch. 8 - Prob. 73QP Ch. 8 - What is bond enthalpy? Bond enthalpies of...Ch. 8 - Prob. 75QP Ch. 8 - Prob. 76QP Ch. 8 - Prob. 77QP Ch. 8 - Prob. 78QP Ch. 8 - For the reaction 2 C 2 H 6 ( g ) + 7 O 2 ( g ) → 4...Ch. 8 - Prob. 80QP Ch. 8 - 8.85. Use average bond enthalpies from Table 8.6...Ch. 8 - Prob. 82AP Ch. 8 - Prob. 83AP Ch. 8 - Prob. 84AP Ch. 8 - Prob. 85AP Ch. 8 - Prob. 86AP Ch. 8 - 8.91 Describe some characteristics of an ionic...Ch. 8 - Prob. 88AP Ch. 8 - Prob. 89AP Ch. 8 - Prob. 90AP Ch. 8 - Prob. 91AP Ch. 8 - Prob. 92AP Ch. 8 - Prob. 93AP Ch. 8 - Prob. 94AP Ch. 8 - Prob. 95AP Ch. 8 - Prob. 96AP Ch. 8 - Prob. 97AP Ch. 8 - Prob. 98AP Ch. 8 - Prob. 99AP Ch. 8 - Prob. 100AP Ch. 8 - Which of the following species are isoelectronic:...Ch. 8 - Prob. 102AP Ch. 8 - 8.107 Draw two resonance structures for each...Ch. 8 - The following species have been detected in...Ch. 8 - The amide ion ( NH 2 − ) is a Brø�nsted base. Use...Ch. 8 - Prob. 106AP Ch. 8 - The triiodide ion ( I 3 − ) in which the I atoms...Ch. 8 - Prob. 108QP Ch. 8 - In 1999, an unusual cation containing only...Ch. 8 - Prob. 110QP Ch. 8 - Prob. 111QP Ch. 8 - Prob. 112AP Ch. 8 - In the gas phase, aluminum chloride exists as a...Ch. 8 - Prob. 114AP Ch. 8 - Calculate Δ H º for the reaction H 2 ( g ) + I 2 (...Ch. 8 - Draw Lewis structures for the following organic...Ch. 8 - Prob. 117AP Ch. 8 - Prob. 118AP Ch. 8 - Prob. 119AP Ch. 8 - Write three resonance structures for (a) the...Ch. 8 - Prob. 121AP Ch. 8 - Prob. 122AP Ch. 8 - Prob. 123AP Ch. 8 - Prob. 124AP Ch. 8 - Prob. 125AP Ch. 8 - Prob. 126AP Ch. 8 - Prob. 127AP Ch. 8 - Among the common inhaled anesthetics are:...Ch. 8 - Prob. 129AP Ch. 8 - Prob. 130AP Ch. 8 - Prob. 131AP Ch. 8 - 8.136 Using this and data from Appendix 2,...Ch. 8 - Prob. 133QP Ch. 8 - Prob. 134QP Ch. 8 - Prob. 135QP Ch. 8 - Prob. 136QP Ch. 8 - Prob. 137QP Ch. 8 - Prob. 138AP Ch. 8 - Prob. 139AP Ch. 8 - Although nitrogen dioxide ( NO 2 ) is a stable...Ch. 8 - 8.145 The chlorine nitrate molecule is believed...Ch. 8 - The hydroxyl radical ( OH ) plays an important...Ch. 8 - Prob. 143AP Ch. 8 - Prob. 144AP Ch. 8 - Prob. 1SEPP Ch. 8 - 2. Use formal charges to choose the best of the...Ch. 8 - Prob. 3SEPP Ch. 8 - Prob. 4SEPP

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Solution Summary: The author explains that the reaction that occurs more readily is to be identified. Bond enthalpy is the energy required to break a single bond.

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