
Concept explainers
Interpretation:
The Lewis structures of the given molecules and ions are to be represented.
Concept Introduction:
In Lewis dot
In Lewis dot symbol, valence electrons are represented by dots.
Dots are placed above and below as well as to the left and right of symbol.
Number of dots is important in Lewis dot symbol but not the order in which the dots are placed around the symbol.
In writing symbol pairing is not done until absolutely necessary.
For metals, the number of dots represents the number of electrons that are lost when the atom forms a cation.
For second period non metals, the number of unpaired dots is the number of bonds the atom can form.
Atomic ions can also be represented by dot symbols, by simply adding (for anions) and subtracting (for cations) the appropriate number of dots from Lewis dot symbol.
Lewis structure is the representation of bonding and non-bonding electron pairs present in the outermost shell of all atoms present in the molecule.
The number of bonds formed by an atom in the molecule is determined by the valence electron pairs.

Answer to Problem 42QP
Solution:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
Explanation of Solution
a) NCl3
The electronic configuration of nitrogen and chlorine in NCl3 is as:
N=1s22s22p3Cl=1s22s22p63s23p5
The nitrogen atom contains three valence electrons in its 2p subshell and the chlorine atom contains five valence electrons in its 3p subshell. Therefore, nitrogen has a tendency to donate three electrons and chlorine has a tendency to accept one electron, to complete their outermost shell. Therefore, the Lewis structure of NCl3 contains three N−Cl bonds and one lone pair on the nitrogen atom.
The Lewis structure of NCl3 is as follows:
b) OCS
The electronic configuration of oxygen, carbon, and sulfur in OCS is as:
O=1s22s22p4C=1s22s22p2S=1s22s22p63s23p4
Oxygen and sulfur atoms contain two valence electrons in their 2p and 3p subshells, respectively and the carbon atom contains four valence electrons in its 2s and 2p subshells. Therefore, carbon has a tendency to donate four electrons, and oxygen and sulfur have a tendency to accept two electrons, to complete their outermost shell. Therefore, the Lewis structure of OCS contains one oxygen-carbon double bond, one carbon-sulfur double bond, and two lone pairs on oxygen and sulfur atoms.
The Lewis structure of OCS is as follows:
c) H2O2
The electronic configuration of oxygen and hydrogen in H2O2 is as:
O=1s22s22p4H=1s1
The oxygen atom contains four valence electrons in its 2p and 3p subshell and the hydrogen atom contains one valence electron in its 1s subshell. Therefore, hydrogen has a tendency to donate one electron and oxygen has a tendency to accept two electrons, to complete their outermost shell. Therefore, the Lewis structure of H2O2 contains two oxygen-hydrogen bonds, one oxygen-oxygen bond, and two lone pairs on oxygen atoms.
The Lewis structure of H2O2 is as follows:
d) CH3COO−
The electronic configuration of oxygen, carbon, and hydrogen in CH3COO− is as:
O=1s22s22p4C=1s22s22p2H=1s1
The carbon atom has a tendency to form four bonds because of the presence of four valence electrons in its outermost shell, hydrogen has a tendency to form one bond because of the presence of one electron in its outermost shell, and oxygen has a tendency to form two bonds due to the presence of two electrons in its outermost shell.
The Lewis structure of CH3COO− is as follows:
e) CN−
The electronic configuration of nitrogen and carbon in CN− is as:
N=1s22s22p3C=1s22s22p2
Cyanide ion is composed of one triple bond of carbon and nitrogen atom. This species contains one lone pair on both carbon and nitrogen atoms.
The Lewis structure of CN− is as follows:
f) CH3CH2NH+3
The electronic configuration of carbon, nitrogen, and hydrogen in CH3CH2NH+3 is as:
N=1s22s22p3C=1s22s22p2H=1s1
Carbon atom has a tendency to form four bonds because of the presence of four valence electrons in its outermost shell, hydrogen has a tendency to form one bond because of the presence of one electron in its outermost shell, and nitrogen has tendency to form four bonds due to the presence of three electrons in its 2p subshell and one lone pair in 2s subshell.
The Lewis structure of CH3CH2NH+3 is as follows:
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 8 Solutions
CHEMISTRY >CUSTOM<
- For each reaction below, decide if the first stable organic product that forms in solution will create a new C - C bond, and check the appropriate box. Next, for each reaction to which you answered "Yes" to in the table, draw this product in the drawing area below. Note for advanced students: for this problem, don't worry if you think this product will continue to react under the current conditions - just focus on the first stable product you expect to form in solution. NH2 tu ? ? OH Will the first product that forms in this reaction create a new CC bond? Yes No Will the first product that forms in this reaction create a new CC bond? Yes No C $ ©arrow_forwardAs the lead product manager at OrganometALEKS Industries, you are trying to decide if the following reaction will make a molecule with a new C-C bond as its major product: 1. MgCl ? 2. H₂O* If this reaction will work, draw the major organic product or products you would expect in the drawing area below. If there's more than one major product, you can draw them in any arrangement you like. Be sure you use wedge and dash bonds if necessary, for example to distinguish between major products with different stereochemistry. If the major products of this reaction won't have a new CC bond, just check the box under the drawing area and leave it blank. Click and drag to start drawing a structure. This reaction will not make a product with a new CC bond. G marrow_forwardIncluding activity coefficients, find [Hg22+] in saturated Hg2Br2 in 0.00100 M NH4 Ksp Hg2Br2 = 5.6×10-23.arrow_forward
- give example for the following(by equation) a. Converting a water insoluble compound to a soluble one. b. Diazotization reaction form diazonium salt c. coupling reaction of a diazonium salt d. indacator properties of MO e. Diazotization ( diazonium salt of bromobenzene)arrow_forward2-Propanone and ethyllithium are mixed and subsequently acid hydrolyzed. Draw and name the structures of the products.arrow_forward(Methanesulfinyl)methane is reacted with NaH, and then with acetophenone. Draw and name the structures of the products.arrow_forward
- 3-Oxo-butanenitrile and (E)-2-butenal are mixed with sodium ethoxide in ethanol. Draw and name the structures of the products.arrow_forwardWhat is the reason of the following(use equations if possible) a.) In MO preperation through diazotization: Addition of sodium nitrite in acidfied solution in order to form diazonium salt b.) in MO experiment: addition of sodium hydroxide solution in the last step to isolate the product MO. What is the color of MO at low pH c.) In MO experiment: addition of sodium hydroxide solution in the last step to isolate the product MO. What is the color of MO at pH 4.5 d.) Avoiding not cooling down the reaction mixture when preparing the diazonium salt e.) Cbvcarrow_forwardA 0.552-g sample of an unknown acid was dissolved in water to a total volume of 20.0 mL. This sample was titrated with 0.1103 M KOH. The equivalence point occurred at 29.42 mL base added. The pH of the solution at 10.0 mL base added was 3.72. Determine the molar mass of the acid. Determine the Ka of the acid.arrow_forward
- As the lead product manager at OrganometALEKS Industries, you are trying to decide if the following reaction will its major product: 2,0° with a new C-C bond as If this reaction will work, draw the major organic product or products you would expect in the drawing aree below. If there's more than one major product, you can draw them in any arrangement you like. Be sure you use wedge and desh bonds if necessary, for example to distinguish between major products with different stereochemistry. If the major products of this reaction won't have a new C-C bond, just check the box under the drawing area and leave it blank.arrow_forwardwrite the mechanism of the nucleophilic acyl substitution reaction, please give an examplearrow_forwardThe compound in the figure is reacted with 10 n-butyllihium, 2° propanone, and 3º H2O. Draw and name the products obtained. SiMe3arrow_forward
- Chemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage Learning
