Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations. Concept introduction: Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below. Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base. Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene , in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene. Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound. Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways. Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate. Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction. Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate. Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides. To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 8, Problem 63PP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

(g)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

(h)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

(i)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

(j)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

(k)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 8, Problem 63PP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

(g)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

(h)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

(i)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

(j)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

(k)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 8, Problem 63PP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

(g)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

(h)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

(i)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

(j)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

(k)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Check out a sample textbook solution

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 8, Problem 63PP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

(g)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

(h)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

(i)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

(j)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

(k)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 5

Chapter 8, Problem 63PP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

(g)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

(h)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

(i)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

(j)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

(k)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

Answer 6

Chapter 8, Problem 63PP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

Answer 7

Chapter 8, Problem 63PP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

Answer 12

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

Answer 13

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

Answer 14

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

Answer 15

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

Answer 16

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

Answer 17

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

Answer 18

(g)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

Answer 19

(g)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

Answer 20

(h)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

Answer 21

(h)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

Answer 22

(i)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

Answer 23

(i)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

Answer 24

(j)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

Answer 25

(j)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

Answer 26

(k)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

Answer 27

(k)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagents should be predicted for the given transformations.

Concept introduction:

Reagent: reagent is a compound or compound mixture that is used in the chemical transformation of the reactions. Reagents for some reactions are given below.

Elimination reaction: in elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base.

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Addition reaction: in addition reaction, two substituents are added to the reactant without losing any compound.

Hydration: addition of water molecule across the double bond is called hydration reaction. Hydration of alkene can be achieved in many ways.

Oxy mercuration-demercuration: this process undergoes through the addition of water according to Markovnikov’s rule without forming carbocation as intermediate.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction: addition of –H and –OH group across the double bond in presence of borane and hydrogen peroxide with base is known as hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Simple hydration in acidic media gives the addition product through carbocation intermediate.

Hydro halogenation: hydrogen and halogen added across the double bond of the alkene in Markovnikov’s path is called hydro halogenation. This addition reaction proceeds via anti-Markovnikov’s path in presence of peroxides.

To find: the reagent for the given transformation.

Answer 28

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 29

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 30

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Answer 31

Ch. 8.4 - Prob. 1CC Ch. 8.4 - Prob. 2CC Ch. 8.4 - Draw a mechanism for the following...Ch. 8.4 - Prob. 3PTS Ch. 8.4 - Prob. 4ATS Ch. 8.4 - Prob. 5CC Ch. 8.4 - Prob. 2LTS Ch. 8.4 - Prob. 6PTS Ch. 8.5 - Prob. 8CC Ch. 8.5 - Prob. 9CC

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Chapter 8 Solutions