Chapter 8, Problem 57GQ

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: It should be determined for the specific number of valence electron for $\text{Li}$,$\text{Ti}$,$\text{Zn}$,$\text{Si}$ and $\text{Cl}$ atom.

Concept Introduction:

Electronic configuration: It is used to denote the distribution of electrons placed over orbitals that present in the atom.

The rules followed by the electrons are as follows,

The electrons gets distributed strictly following the order starting from lower energy orbital to higher energy orbital(Aufbau principle), pairing of electrons in subshell starts only when all the orbitals in the subshell are singly filled (Hund’s Rule) and finally, no two electrons that have same set of quantum numbers (Pauli’s Exclusion Principle).

Valence electron: The electron is considered as valence electron if it present in outermost shell of atom which gets involved in the formation of chemical bond.