FLUID MECHANICS FUND. (LL)-W/ACCESS
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781266016042
Author: CENGEL
Publisher: MCG CUSTOM
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Chapter 8, Problem 48P
Glycerin at
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Oil with density 894 kg/m^3 and viscosity 2.33 kg/m.s flows in a 415 meter long 40-cm-diameter horizontal pipeline at an average velocity of 0.6 m/s. Determine the pumping power required in kW to overcome the pressure losses and to maintain the flow of oil in the pipe. Make sure to check Reynolds number first to identify the type of flow and use the proper equation.
Oil ( μ = 0.478 Pa.s and ν = 5.3 *10-4 m2/s ) flows downward in a pipe which is ( 3 cm ) in diameter and has a slope of ( 30o ) with the horizontal. The pressure gradient along the pipe is ( dp/dx = - 918.5 N/m3 ). Determine;
a. The volume flow rate.
b. The wall shear stress.
c. The maximum and average velocities.
d. The Reynolds number.
Water at 15 degrees Celsius is flowing through a 2-in ID smooth pipe. The friction loss for a 100-ft section of the pipe amounts to 4.8 lbf/lbm. Determine the velocity of the flow.
Chapter 8 Solutions
FLUID MECHANICS FUND. (LL)-W/ACCESS
Ch. 8 - How is the hydrodynamic entry length defined for...Ch. 8 - Why are liquids usually transported in circular...Ch. 8 - What is the physical significance of the Reynolds...Ch. 8 - Consider a person walking first in air and then in...Ch. 8 - Show that the Reynolds number for flow in a...Ch. 8 - Which fluid at room temperature requires a larger...Ch. 8 - What is the eneia1Iy accepted value of the...Ch. 8 - Consider the flow of air and wale in pipes of the...Ch. 8 - Consider laminar flow in a circular pipe. Is the...Ch. 8 - How does surface roughness affect the pressure...
Ch. 8 - What is hydraulic diameter? How is it defined?...Ch. 8 - Shown here is a cool picture of water being...Ch. 8 - What fluid property is responsible for the...Ch. 8 - In the fully developed region of flow in a...Ch. 8 - Someone claims that the volume flow rate in a...Ch. 8 - Someone claims that the average velocity in a...Ch. 8 - Someone claims that the shear stress at the center...Ch. 8 - Someone claims that in fully developed turbulent...Ch. 8 - How does the wall shear stress w , vary along the...Ch. 8 - How is the friction factor for flow in a pipe...Ch. 8 - Discuss whether fully developed pipe flow is one-,...Ch. 8 - Consider fully developed flow in a circular pipe...Ch. 8 - Consider fully developed laminar how in a...Ch. 8 - Explain why the friction factor is independent of...Ch. 8 - Consider laminar flow of air in a circular pipe...Ch. 8 - Consider fully developed laminar flow in a...Ch. 8 - How is head loss related to pressure loss? For a...Ch. 8 - What is turbulent viscosity? What caused it?Ch. 8 - What is the physical mechanism that causes the...Ch. 8 - The head toss for a certain circular pipe is given...Ch. 8 - The velocity profile for the fully developed...Ch. 8 - Water at 15°C (p = 999.1 kg/m3 and = 1.138 × 10-3...Ch. 8 - Water at 70F passes through...Ch. 8 - Heated air at 1 atm and 100F is to be transported...Ch. 8 - In fully developed laminar flow in a circular...Ch. 8 - The velocity profile in fully developed laminar...Ch. 8 - Repeat Prob. 8-36 for a pipe of inner radius 7 cm.Ch. 8 - Water at 10C (p = 999.7 kg/m3 and = 1.307 ×...Ch. 8 - Consider laminar flow of a fluid through a square...Ch. 8 - Repeat Prob. 8-39 for tribulent flow in smooth...Ch. 8 - Air enters a 10-m-long section of a rectangular...Ch. 8 - Consider an air solar collector that is 1 m wide...Ch. 8 - Oil with p = 876 kg/m3 and = 0.24 kg/m.s is...Ch. 8 - Glycenii at 40 C with p = l22 kg/m3 and = 0.27...Ch. 8 - Air at 1 atm and 60 F is flowing through a 1 ft ×...Ch. 8 - Oil with a density of 850 kg/m3 and kinematic...Ch. 8 - In an air heating system, heated air at 40 C and...Ch. 8 - Glycerin at 40 C with p = 1252 kg/m3 and = 0.27...Ch. 8 - Liquid ammonia at 20 C is flowing through a...Ch. 8 - Consider the fully developed flow of glycerin at...Ch. 8 - The velocity profile for a steady laminar flow in...Ch. 8 - The generalized Bernoulli equation for unsteady...Ch. 8 - What is minor loss in pipe flow? How is the minor...Ch. 8 - Define equivalent length for minor loss in pipe...Ch. 8 - The effect of rounding of a pipe inlet on the loss...Ch. 8 - The effect of rounding of a pipe exit on the loss...Ch. 8 - Which has a greater minor loss coefficient during...Ch. 8 - A piping system involves sharp turns, and thus...Ch. 8 - During a retrofitting project of a fluid flow...Ch. 8 - A horizontal pipe has an abrupt expansion from...Ch. 8 - Consider flow from a water reservoir through a...Ch. 8 - Repeat Prob. 8-62 for a slightly rounded entrance...Ch. 8 - Water is to be withdrawn from an 8-m-high water...Ch. 8 - A piping system equipped with a pump is operating...Ch. 8 - Water is pumped from a large lower reservoir to a...Ch. 8 - For a piping system, define the system curve, the...Ch. 8 - Prob. 68CPCh. 8 - Consider two identical 2-m-high open tanks tilled...Ch. 8 - A piping system involves two pipes of different...Ch. 8 - A piping system involves two pipes of different...Ch. 8 - A piping system involves two pipes of identical...Ch. 8 - Water at 15 C is drained from a large reservoir...Ch. 8 - Prob. 74PCh. 8 - The water needs of a small farm are to be met by...Ch. 8 - Prob. 76EPCh. 8 - A 2.4-m-diameter tank is initially filled with...Ch. 8 - A 3-m-diameter tank is initially filled with water...Ch. 8 - Reconsider Prob. 8-78. In order to drain the tank...Ch. 8 - Gasoline (p = 680 kg/m3 and v = 4.29 × 10-7 m2/s)...Ch. 8 - Prob. 81EPCh. 8 - Oil at 20 C is flowing through a vertical glass...Ch. 8 - Prob. 83PCh. 8 - A 4-in-high cylindrical tank having a...Ch. 8 - A fanner is to pump water at 70 F from a river to...Ch. 8 - A water tank tilled with solar-heated vater at 4OC...Ch. 8 - Two water reservoirs A and B are connected to each...Ch. 8 - Prob. 89PCh. 8 - A certain pail of cast iron piping of a water...Ch. 8 - Repeat Prob. 8-91 assuming pipe A has a...Ch. 8 - Prob. 93PCh. 8 - Repeat Prob. 8-93 for cast lion pipes of the same...Ch. 8 - Water is transported by gravity through a...Ch. 8 - Water to a residential area is transported at a...Ch. 8 - In large buildings, hot water in a water tank is...Ch. 8 - Prob. 99PCh. 8 - Two pipes of identical length and material are...Ch. 8 - What are the primary considerations when selecting...Ch. 8 - What is the difference between laser Doppler...Ch. 8 - Prob. 103CPCh. 8 - Prob. 104CPCh. 8 - Explain how flow rate is measured with...Ch. 8 - Prob. 106CPCh. 8 - Prob. 107CPCh. 8 - Prob. 108CPCh. 8 - A 15-L kerosene tank (p = 820 kg/m3) is filled...Ch. 8 - Prob. 110PCh. 8 - Prob. 111PCh. 8 - Prob. 112PCh. 8 - Prob. 113PCh. 8 - Prob. 114EPCh. 8 - Prob. 115EPCh. 8 - Prob. 116PCh. 8 - A Venturi meter equipped with a differential...Ch. 8 - Prob. 119PCh. 8 - Prob. 120PCh. 8 - Prob. 121PCh. 8 - Prob. 122EPCh. 8 - Prob. 123PCh. 8 - The flow rate of water at 20°C (p = 998 kg/m3 and ...Ch. 8 - Prob. 125PCh. 8 - Prob. 126PCh. 8 - Prob. 127PCh. 8 - The conical container with a thin horizontal tube...Ch. 8 - Prob. 129PCh. 8 - The compressed air requirements of a manufacturing...Ch. 8 - A house built on a riverside is to be cooled iii...Ch. 8 - The velocity profile in fully developed lamina,...Ch. 8 - Prob. 133PCh. 8 - Two pipes of identical diameter and material are...Ch. 8 - Prob. 135PCh. 8 - Shell-and-tube heat exchangers with hundred of...Ch. 8 - Water at 15 C is to be dischaged froiti a...Ch. 8 - Consider flow front a reservoir through a...Ch. 8 - A pipelme ihat Eransports oil ai 4OC at a iate of...Ch. 8 - Repeat Prob. 8-140 for hot-water flow of a...Ch. 8 - Prob. 142PCh. 8 - Prob. 145EPCh. 8 - Prob. 146EPCh. 8 - In a hydroelectric power plant. water at 20°C is...Ch. 8 - Prob. 148PCh. 8 - Prob. 152PCh. 8 - The water at 20 C in a l0-m-diameter, 2-m-high...Ch. 8 - Prob. 155PCh. 8 - Find the total volume flow rate leaving a tank...Ch. 8 - Prob. 158PCh. 8 - Water is siphoned from a reservoir open to the...Ch. 8 - It is a well-known fact that Roman aqueduct...Ch. 8 - In a piping system, what is used to control the...Ch. 8 - Prob. 163PCh. 8 - Prob. 164PCh. 8 - Prob. 165PCh. 8 - Consider laminar flow of water in a...Ch. 8 - Water at 10 C flows in a 1.2-cm-diameter pipe at a...Ch. 8 - Engine oil at 20 C flows in a 15-cm-diamcter pipe...Ch. 8 - Prob. 169PCh. 8 - Watet flows in a I 5-cm-diameter pipe a, a...Ch. 8 - The pressure drop for a given flow is determined...Ch. 8 - Prob. 172PCh. 8 - Air at 1 atm and 25 C flows in a 4-cm-diameter...Ch. 8 - Hot combustion 8ases approximated as air at I atm...Ch. 8 - Air at 1 aim and 40 C flows in a 8-cm-diameter...Ch. 8 - The valve in a piping system cause a 3.1 in head...Ch. 8 - A water flow system involves a 180 return bend...Ch. 8 - Air flows in an 8-cm-diameter, 33-m-long pipe at a...Ch. 8 - Consider a pipe that branches out into two...Ch. 8 - Prob. 182PCh. 8 - Prob. 183PCh. 8 - Prob. 184PCh. 8 - Prob. 185PCh. 8 - Prob. 186PCh. 8 - Design an experiment to measure the viscosity of...Ch. 8 - During a camping trip you notice that water is...
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- Water with a density of= 999.7 kg/m3 and absolute viscosity of 1.307 x 10-3 kg/m·s is flowing steadily in a 0.20-cm-diameter, 15-m-long stainless pipe at an average velocity of 1.2 m/s. Find the pumping power (W) requirement to overcome the pressure drop across the span of the pipe. If the flow is laminar, use the figure below to calculate f. If the flow is turbulent, use 0.0741 as the value for f.arrow_forwardOil having a density of 833 kg/m3 and a viscosity of 3.3 x 10-3Pa.s is pumped from and open tank to a pressurized tank held at 345 kPa gage. The oil is pumped from an inlet the side of the open tank through a line of commercial steel pipe having an inside diameter of 0.07792 m at the rate of 3.494 x 10-3 m3/s. The length of the straight pipe is 122 m, and the pipe contains two elbows (90°) and a globe valve half open. The level of the liquid in the open tank is 20 m above the liquid level in the pressurized tank. The pump efficiency is 65% Calculate the kW power of the pump.arrow_forwardConsider the flow of oil with p = 870 kg/m² and µ = 1.03 kg/m's in a 3-cm-diameter, 1.5-m-long section, pipeline at an average velocity of 4 m/s. Determine the pressure drop from one end of the pipe to the other, the volume flow rate, and the pumping power required to maintain the flow of oil. Neglect minor losses.arrow_forward
- A pipe line of length 2000 m is used for power transmission. If 110 kW power is to be transmitted through the pipe in which water having a pressure of 490.5 N/cm2at inlet is flowing. If the pressure drop over the length of pipe is 98.1 N/cm2and ff = 0.0065.Determine:The diameter of the pipe and the volume flow rate; and If a nozzle is introduced at the end of the pipe, what would be its diameter and the power transmitted.arrow_forwardplease answer question 2 for mearrow_forwardWater with a density of 999.1 kg/m3 and absolute viscosity of 1.138 X 10-3 kg/m·s is flowing steadily in a 30-m-long and 4-cm-diameter horizontal pipe made of stainless steel at a rate of 8 L/s. the pumping power (KW) requirement to overcome this pressure drop within the span of the pipe. If the flow is laminar, use the figure below to calculate f. If the flow is turbulent, use 0.01573 as the value for f. use 0.01573 as the value for f.arrow_forward
- Water at 70°F passes through 0.75-in-internal diameter copper tubes at a rate of 0.8 Ibm/s. Determine the pumping power per ft of pipe length required to maintain this flow at the specified rate. Take the density and dynamic viscosity of water at 70°F as p= 62.30 Ibm/ft and u= 6.556×104 Ibm/ft-s. The roughness of copper tubing is 5x10° ft. (Round the final answer to four decimal places.) The pumping power per ft of pipe length required to maintain this flow at the specified rate is W (per foot length).arrow_forwardOil (ρ=1100 kg/m³,u = 5.6 X 10-4 kg/m s) flows through a 4.3 cm diameter pipe. The flow rate needs to be measured with a 3 cm diameter orifice meter that is equipped with a mercury (ρ = 19060 kg/m3) manometer across the orifice plate. If the differential height is 11 cm, calculate the oil flow rate through the pipe and the average flow velocity. Explain any assumptions that you use. Hint: Start by assuming a value for C0 and find the flow rate, average velocity and Re. Check if assumed value for C0 was correct. If not, apply a second iteration by choosing a new value for C0.arrow_forwardQ2 Oil with a density of 850 kg/m³ and kinematic viscosity of 0.00062 m²/s is being discharged by a 6-mm diameter, 45-m-long horizontal pipe from a storage tank open to the atmosphere. The height of the liquid level above the center of the pipe is 3 m. Disregarding the minor losses, determine the flow rate of oil through the pipe. 3 m Oil tank 6 mmarrow_forward
- Water with a density of 999.1 kg/m3 and absolute viscosity of 1.138 X 103 kg/m-s is flowing steadily in a 30-m-long and 4-cm-diameter horizontal pipe made of stainless steel at a rate of 8 L/s. Find the pressure drop (KPa) within the span of the pipe. If the flow is laminar, use the figure below to calculate f. If the flow is turbulent, use 0.01573 as the value for f. Friction Factor Tube Geometry f Circle 64.00/Rearrow_forwardOil with a density of 850 kg/m3 and kinematic viscosity of 0.00062 m2/s is being discharged by a 8-mm-diameter, 40-m-long horizontal pipe from a storage tank open to the atmosphere. The height of the liquid level above the center of the pipe is 4 m. Disregarding the minor losses, determine the flow rate of oil through the pipe.arrow_forwardGlycerin at 40°C with r = 1252 kg/m3 and m = 0.27 kg/m·s is flowing through a 4-cm-diameter horizontal smooth pipe with an average velocity of 3.5 m/s. Determine the pressure drop per 10 m of the pipe.arrow_forward
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