FLUID MECHANICS FUND. (LL)-W/ACCESS
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781266016042
Author: CENGEL
Publisher: MCG CUSTOM
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Chapter 8, Problem 44P
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Consider two liquids of densities p₁ = 1000 kg/m³ and p2 = 800 kg/m³ that are
initially flowing in pipe1 and pipe2, respectively. The two flow streams are mixed
when they merge into the horizontal pipe3 as shown in the figure. The flow rates in
the three pipes are Q₁ = 10-² m³/s, Q₂ = 2.5x10-3 m³/s and Q3 = 1.25x10-2 m³/s
and the viscosities of all three fluids are equal: µ₁ = µ₂ = µ3 = 5.1x10-4 Pa.s.
Q1
Q2 Pipe2
900 kg/m³
920 kg/m³
Determine the density p3 of the liquid mixture in pipe3.
940 kg/m³
Pipel
960 kg/m³
Pipe3
Q3
Water at 15 degrees Celsius is flowing through a 2-in ID smooth pipe. The friction loss for a 100-ft section of the pipe amounts to 4.8 lbf/lbm. Determine the velocity of the flow.
Air flows steadily from a large tank, through a hose of diameter D = 0.03 m and exits to the atmosphere from a nozzle of diameter d = 0.01 as shown. The pressure in the tank remains constant at 3.0 kPa and the atmospheric conditions are standard absolute temperature and pressure. Determine the flowrate and the pressure in the hose.
Chapter 8 Solutions
FLUID MECHANICS FUND. (LL)-W/ACCESS
Ch. 8 - How is the hydrodynamic entry length defined for...Ch. 8 - Why are liquids usually transported in circular...Ch. 8 - What is the physical significance of the Reynolds...Ch. 8 - Consider a person walking first in air and then in...Ch. 8 - Show that the Reynolds number for flow in a...Ch. 8 - Which fluid at room temperature requires a larger...Ch. 8 - What is the eneia1Iy accepted value of the...Ch. 8 - Consider the flow of air and wale in pipes of the...Ch. 8 - Consider laminar flow in a circular pipe. Is the...Ch. 8 - How does surface roughness affect the pressure...
Ch. 8 - What is hydraulic diameter? How is it defined?...Ch. 8 - Shown here is a cool picture of water being...Ch. 8 - What fluid property is responsible for the...Ch. 8 - In the fully developed region of flow in a...Ch. 8 - Someone claims that the volume flow rate in a...Ch. 8 - Someone claims that the average velocity in a...Ch. 8 - Someone claims that the shear stress at the center...Ch. 8 - Someone claims that in fully developed turbulent...Ch. 8 - How does the wall shear stress w , vary along the...Ch. 8 - How is the friction factor for flow in a pipe...Ch. 8 - Discuss whether fully developed pipe flow is one-,...Ch. 8 - Consider fully developed flow in a circular pipe...Ch. 8 - Consider fully developed laminar how in a...Ch. 8 - Explain why the friction factor is independent of...Ch. 8 - Consider laminar flow of air in a circular pipe...Ch. 8 - Consider fully developed laminar flow in a...Ch. 8 - How is head loss related to pressure loss? For a...Ch. 8 - What is turbulent viscosity? What caused it?Ch. 8 - What is the physical mechanism that causes the...Ch. 8 - The head toss for a certain circular pipe is given...Ch. 8 - The velocity profile for the fully developed...Ch. 8 - Water at 15°C (p = 999.1 kg/m3 and = 1.138 × 10-3...Ch. 8 - Water at 70F passes through...Ch. 8 - Heated air at 1 atm and 100F is to be transported...Ch. 8 - In fully developed laminar flow in a circular...Ch. 8 - The velocity profile in fully developed laminar...Ch. 8 - Repeat Prob. 8-36 for a pipe of inner radius 7 cm.Ch. 8 - Water at 10C (p = 999.7 kg/m3 and = 1.307 ×...Ch. 8 - Consider laminar flow of a fluid through a square...Ch. 8 - Repeat Prob. 8-39 for tribulent flow in smooth...Ch. 8 - Air enters a 10-m-long section of a rectangular...Ch. 8 - Consider an air solar collector that is 1 m wide...Ch. 8 - Oil with p = 876 kg/m3 and = 0.24 kg/m.s is...Ch. 8 - Glycenii at 40 C with p = l22 kg/m3 and = 0.27...Ch. 8 - Air at 1 atm and 60 F is flowing through a 1 ft ×...Ch. 8 - Oil with a density of 850 kg/m3 and kinematic...Ch. 8 - In an air heating system, heated air at 40 C and...Ch. 8 - Glycerin at 40 C with p = 1252 kg/m3 and = 0.27...Ch. 8 - Liquid ammonia at 20 C is flowing through a...Ch. 8 - Consider the fully developed flow of glycerin at...Ch. 8 - The velocity profile for a steady laminar flow in...Ch. 8 - The generalized Bernoulli equation for unsteady...Ch. 8 - What is minor loss in pipe flow? How is the minor...Ch. 8 - Define equivalent length for minor loss in pipe...Ch. 8 - The effect of rounding of a pipe inlet on the loss...Ch. 8 - The effect of rounding of a pipe exit on the loss...Ch. 8 - Which has a greater minor loss coefficient during...Ch. 8 - A piping system involves sharp turns, and thus...Ch. 8 - During a retrofitting project of a fluid flow...Ch. 8 - A horizontal pipe has an abrupt expansion from...Ch. 8 - Consider flow from a water reservoir through a...Ch. 8 - Repeat Prob. 8-62 for a slightly rounded entrance...Ch. 8 - Water is to be withdrawn from an 8-m-high water...Ch. 8 - A piping system equipped with a pump is operating...Ch. 8 - Water is pumped from a large lower reservoir to a...Ch. 8 - For a piping system, define the system curve, the...Ch. 8 - Prob. 68CPCh. 8 - Consider two identical 2-m-high open tanks tilled...Ch. 8 - A piping system involves two pipes of different...Ch. 8 - A piping system involves two pipes of different...Ch. 8 - A piping system involves two pipes of identical...Ch. 8 - Water at 15 C is drained from a large reservoir...Ch. 8 - Prob. 74PCh. 8 - The water needs of a small farm are to be met by...Ch. 8 - Prob. 76EPCh. 8 - A 2.4-m-diameter tank is initially filled with...Ch. 8 - A 3-m-diameter tank is initially filled with water...Ch. 8 - Reconsider Prob. 8-78. In order to drain the tank...Ch. 8 - Gasoline (p = 680 kg/m3 and v = 4.29 × 10-7 m2/s)...Ch. 8 - Prob. 81EPCh. 8 - Oil at 20 C is flowing through a vertical glass...Ch. 8 - Prob. 83PCh. 8 - A 4-in-high cylindrical tank having a...Ch. 8 - A fanner is to pump water at 70 F from a river to...Ch. 8 - A water tank tilled with solar-heated vater at 4OC...Ch. 8 - Two water reservoirs A and B are connected to each...Ch. 8 - Prob. 89PCh. 8 - A certain pail of cast iron piping of a water...Ch. 8 - Repeat Prob. 8-91 assuming pipe A has a...Ch. 8 - Prob. 93PCh. 8 - Repeat Prob. 8-93 for cast lion pipes of the same...Ch. 8 - Water is transported by gravity through a...Ch. 8 - Water to a residential area is transported at a...Ch. 8 - In large buildings, hot water in a water tank is...Ch. 8 - Prob. 99PCh. 8 - Two pipes of identical length and material are...Ch. 8 - What are the primary considerations when selecting...Ch. 8 - What is the difference between laser Doppler...Ch. 8 - Prob. 103CPCh. 8 - Prob. 104CPCh. 8 - Explain how flow rate is measured with...Ch. 8 - Prob. 106CPCh. 8 - Prob. 107CPCh. 8 - Prob. 108CPCh. 8 - A 15-L kerosene tank (p = 820 kg/m3) is filled...Ch. 8 - Prob. 110PCh. 8 - Prob. 111PCh. 8 - Prob. 112PCh. 8 - Prob. 113PCh. 8 - Prob. 114EPCh. 8 - Prob. 115EPCh. 8 - Prob. 116PCh. 8 - A Venturi meter equipped with a differential...Ch. 8 - Prob. 119PCh. 8 - Prob. 120PCh. 8 - Prob. 121PCh. 8 - Prob. 122EPCh. 8 - Prob. 123PCh. 8 - The flow rate of water at 20°C (p = 998 kg/m3 and ...Ch. 8 - Prob. 125PCh. 8 - Prob. 126PCh. 8 - Prob. 127PCh. 8 - The conical container with a thin horizontal tube...Ch. 8 - Prob. 129PCh. 8 - The compressed air requirements of a manufacturing...Ch. 8 - A house built on a riverside is to be cooled iii...Ch. 8 - The velocity profile in fully developed lamina,...Ch. 8 - Prob. 133PCh. 8 - Two pipes of identical diameter and material are...Ch. 8 - Prob. 135PCh. 8 - Shell-and-tube heat exchangers with hundred of...Ch. 8 - Water at 15 C is to be dischaged froiti a...Ch. 8 - Consider flow front a reservoir through a...Ch. 8 - A pipelme ihat Eransports oil ai 4OC at a iate of...Ch. 8 - Repeat Prob. 8-140 for hot-water flow of a...Ch. 8 - Prob. 142PCh. 8 - Prob. 145EPCh. 8 - Prob. 146EPCh. 8 - In a hydroelectric power plant. water at 20°C is...Ch. 8 - Prob. 148PCh. 8 - Prob. 152PCh. 8 - The water at 20 C in a l0-m-diameter, 2-m-high...Ch. 8 - Prob. 155PCh. 8 - Find the total volume flow rate leaving a tank...Ch. 8 - Prob. 158PCh. 8 - Water is siphoned from a reservoir open to the...Ch. 8 - It is a well-known fact that Roman aqueduct...Ch. 8 - In a piping system, what is used to control the...Ch. 8 - Prob. 163PCh. 8 - Prob. 164PCh. 8 - Prob. 165PCh. 8 - Consider laminar flow of water in a...Ch. 8 - Water at 10 C flows in a 1.2-cm-diameter pipe at a...Ch. 8 - Engine oil at 20 C flows in a 15-cm-diamcter pipe...Ch. 8 - Prob. 169PCh. 8 - Watet flows in a I 5-cm-diameter pipe a, a...Ch. 8 - The pressure drop for a given flow is determined...Ch. 8 - Prob. 172PCh. 8 - Air at 1 atm and 25 C flows in a 4-cm-diameter...Ch. 8 - Hot combustion 8ases approximated as air at I atm...Ch. 8 - Air at 1 aim and 40 C flows in a 8-cm-diameter...Ch. 8 - The valve in a piping system cause a 3.1 in head...Ch. 8 - A water flow system involves a 180 return bend...Ch. 8 - Air flows in an 8-cm-diameter, 33-m-long pipe at a...Ch. 8 - Consider a pipe that branches out into two...Ch. 8 - Prob. 182PCh. 8 - Prob. 183PCh. 8 - Prob. 184PCh. 8 - Prob. 185PCh. 8 - Prob. 186PCh. 8 - Design an experiment to measure the viscosity of...Ch. 8 - During a camping trip you notice that water is...
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- please answer question 2 for mearrow_forwardSAE 30 oil at 20°C flows in the 2.5-cm-diameter pipe as shown in the figure below, which slopes at 37°. For SAE 30 oil, take ρ = 891 kg/m3 and μ = 0.29 kg/m⋅s. Determine the flow rate in m3/h. The flow rate is m3/h.arrow_forwardWater is flowing in a 90ο pipe with uniform cross section area of A=0.0083 m2. The velocity along the horizontal direction is v1=6.0 m/s. The pressure at the section 1 is p1=500kPa. Elevation difference and energy losses can be neglected. The density of water is ρ=1000kg/m3. An external force is needed to hold the pipe in equilibrium. (1) Select the correct expression of the external force component in the horizontal direction Rx_________ A. B. C. D.arrow_forward
- Water at 27.5°C flows at a rate of 2.1 kg/s through a vertical pipe with an internal diameter of 17 mm, where a Pitot tube (with a differential manometer containing mercury at ρHg = 13600 kg/m3) is attached. . When the Pitot tube is positioned at a certain distance from the wall, the manometer reading indicates Δh = 12 cm. What is the velocity of the fluid at this point?arrow_forwardDetermine the horizontal force (F) required to hold the plate in position. The water flow rate in the pipe is 0.6 m/s, points A and B at the same level, the pressure at point A is 75kPa, the water unit weight is 9810 N/m3, water density is 1000 kg/m³, and g= 9.81 m/s2. 1 Plate В A. -F РА Determine the velocity in the pipe, V (m/s). Determine the force required to hold the plate in position, F (in kPa). P.arrow_forwardA liquid of specific weight 9,101 N/m3 flows by gravity through a 30.5 cm tank and 30.5 cm long capillary tube of diameter 1.22 mm at a rate of 1.18X106 m³/s as shown in figure below. Sections 1 and 2 are at atmospheric pressure. Neglecting entrance effects, compute the viscosity of the liquid. Describe the flow through the capillary tube. 1ft d- 0.004 O-0.15 n/h Solution to be worked in classarrow_forward
- Water is flowing in a 90ο pipe with uniform cross section area of A=0.0083 m2. The velocity along the horizontal direction is v1=6.0 m/s. The pressure at the section 1 is p1=500kPa. Elevation difference and energy losses can be neglected. The density of water is ρ=1000kg/m3. An external force is needed to hold the pipe in equilibrium. (2) Select the correct expression of the external force component in the vertical direction Ry_________ A. B. C. D.arrow_forwardA nozzle meter, with an orifice diameter of 3 cm, is being used to determine the velocity of ethanol (SG = 0.789, μ = 0.986*10-3 Pa.s) flowing through a smooth plastic pipe of diameter 6 cm. A differential mercury manometer is attached across the nozzle, showing a height from the bottom of the manometer of 10 mm Hg on one side of the nozzle meter and 150 mm Hg on the other. (ρHg =13600 kg/m3). What is the volumetric flowrate of the oil?arrow_forwardThe diameter of an open topped tank 1.5 m high increases uniformly from 4.2 m at the base to 6 m at the top. Discharge from the base of the tank takes place through a 75 mm diameter pipe which is 3 m in length. The pipe discharges the water to the atmosphere 1.5 m below the base of the tank. Initially, the tank is fully filled with water. Take f =0.01. Find the time to empty the tank.arrow_forward
- darrow_forward4- Consider the fully developed flow of glycerin at 40°C through a 70-m-long, 2-cm-diameter, horizontal, circular pipe. If the flow velocity at the centerline is measured to be 6 m/s, determine: a. the velocity profile b. the pressure difference across this 70-m-long section of the pipe, c. the useful pumping power required to maintain this flow. For glycerin at 40°C, μ = 0.3073 kg/m.s, p=1252 kg/m³ D = 2 cm 70 m 6 tri/s Glycerinearrow_forwardWater at 10°C flows through the system shown in the figure below at 0.38 m³/s. Energy loss in the 40-cm pipe is negligible. Energy loss in the 30-cm pipe is known to be 1.5V2. A mercury manometer indicates that the absolute pressure at the top of the 30-cm pipe is 749.5 mm Hg abs. The pressure of the surroundings is 101,330 Pa. Calculate the power input to the pump. p = 749.5 mm Hg f Elevation = Water T = 10 °C W = i 10 m - -Elevation = 6m 40-cm diameter kW D = 30 cm Elevation = 2 marrow_forward
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