EBK CAMPBELL BIOLOGY IN FOCUS
2nd Edition
ISBN: 8220101459299
Author: Reece
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 7.6, Problem 3CC
WHAT IF? During intense exercise, can a muscle cell use fat as a concentrated source of chemical energy? Explain.
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. Intracellular concentrations in resting muscle are as follows: fructose-
6-phosphate, 1.0 mM; fructose-1,6-bisphosphate, 10 mM; AMP, 0.1
mM; ADP, 0.5 mM; ATP, 5 mM; and P;, 10 mM. Is the phosphofruc-
tokinase reaction in muscle more or less exergonic than under stan-
dard conditions? By how much?
. The transition temperatures of the following membranes are -36°C, 23°C, and 41°C. Which
membrane correlates with which transition temperature? Explain your answer.
Membrane 1) made from entirely phosphatidylcholine and stearate fatty acids
Membrane 2) made from entirely phosphatidylcholine and oleate fatty acids
Membrane 3) made from entirely phosphatidylcholine and palmitate fatty acids
Rat heart muscle operating aerobically fills more than 90% of its ATP needs by oxidative phosphorylation. If each gram of tissue consumes O2 at the rate of 12.0 micromol/min, with glucose as the fuel source.
(a) Calculate the rate at which the heart muscle consumes glucose and produces ATP.
(b) Consider an alternate scenario – what would be the rate of consumption if the energy source was a solely triglycerides whose fatty acyl chains were each 14-C in length and saturated? (Assume the O2 consumption rate remains at 12.0 micromol/min)
(c) For a steady-state concentration of ATP of 6.0 micromol/g of heart muscle tissue, calculate the time required (in seconds) to completely turn over the cellular pool of ATP if glucose us used as the sole fuel source. What does this result indicate about the need for tight regulation of ATP production? (Note: Concentrations are expressed as micromoles per gram of muscle tissue because the tissue is mostly water.)
Chapter 7 Solutions
EBK CAMPBELL BIOLOGY IN FOCUS
Ch. 7.1 - Compare and contrast aerobic and anaerobic...Ch. 7.1 - Name and describe the two ways in which ATP is...Ch. 7.1 - Prob. 3CCCh. 7.2 - During step 6 in Figure 7.9, which molecule acts...Ch. 7.3 - Name the molecules that conserve most of the...Ch. 7.3 - Prob. 2CCCh. 7.4 - Prob. 1CCCh. 7.4 - Prob. 2CCCh. 7.4 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Membranes must be fluid to...Ch. 7.5 - Prob. 1CC
Ch. 7.5 - WHAT IF? A glucose-fed yeast cell is moved from an...Ch. 7.6 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Compare the structure of a fat...Ch. 7.6 - Prob. 2CCCh. 7.6 - WHAT IF? During intense exercise, can a muscle...Ch. 7 - The immediate energy source that drives ATP...Ch. 7 - Which metabolic pathway is common to both...Ch. 7 - In mitochondria, exergonic redox reactions A. are...Ch. 7 - The final electron acceptor of the electron...Ch. 7 - What is the oxidizing agent in the following...Ch. 7 - When electrons flow along the electron transport...Ch. 7 - Most co, from catabolism is released during A....Ch. 7 - DRAW IT The graph here shows the pH difference...Ch. 7 - INTERPRET THE DATA Phosphofructokinase is an...Ch. 7 - Prob. 10TYUCh. 7 - FOCUS ON EVOLUTION ATP synthases are found in the...Ch. 7 - Prob. 12TYUCh. 7 - Prob. 13TYU
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- 293arrow_forwardDiscuss briefly (in less than 100 words) the practice of carbohydrate loading for endurance in aerobic exercise. What is the role of glycogen metabolism (glycogenesis and glycogenolysis) and glycolysis in carbohydrate loading? Why is this practice more productive than usual without carbohydrate loading?arrow_forwardhelp?arrow_forward
- Intracellular concentrations in resting muscle are as follows: fructose6-phosphate, 1.0 mM; fructose-1,6-bisphosphate, 10 mM; AMP, 0.1 mM;ADP, 0.5 mM; ATP, 5 mM; and Pi, 10 mM. Is the phosphofructokinasereaction in muscle more or less exergonic than under standard conditions?By how much?arrow_forwardWhat would be the ATP yield per molecule of glucose in the muscle if glycogen were the source of the glucose?arrow_forward. Liver is primarily a gluconeogenic tissue, whereas muscle is primarily glycolytic. Why does this division of labor makegood physiological sense?arrow_forward
- a Imagine that creatine phosphate, rather than ATP, is the universal energy carrier molecule in the human body. Assume that the cellular concentrations of creatine phosphate, creatine, and phosphate are 21.6 mM, 2.16x10-3 mm, and 3.80 mM, respectively. Calculate the weight of creatine phosphate that would need to be consumed each day by a typical adult human if creatine phosphate could not be recycled. (Estimate the free energy of hydrolysis of creatine phosphate under cellular conditions to determine how many moles required. Use the standard free energy AG = -43.3 kJ/mol, and take the temperature to be 37 °C.) AG= kJ/mol Weight of creatine phosphate consumed = 9arrow_forwardAlso, briefly describe what happens in this scenario to: -Glucose - Glucose - Glycogen - Protein/Amino acids - Triglyceridesarrow_forwardThe most common fatty acid that exists in coconut oil is a fatty acid called lauric acid. This is a 12 carbon saturated (12:0) fatty acid. How many net ATP are produced from the complete oxidation of a single molecule of lauric acid after it enters into a muscle cell? Show steps pleasearrow_forward
- Muscles may become hypoxic during the early stages of exercise, causing lactate to build up. a) Describe in detail how a lack of oxygen might cause lactate to build up in the muscles. b) Explain how lactate (typically thought of as a waste product) may be converted to glucose via gluconeogenesis.arrow_forward5. The sprinter finishes 100 m run; the stayer runs the tenth km. Point out the differences in the energy supply of these runners. To solve the problem: a) draw a diagram of glucose catabolism, which is an energy source for muscles in the stayer; b) indicate the energy yield of the glycolysis and the complete oxidation of glucose, the mechanisms of ATP synthesis; c) write down the substrates involved in the dehydrogenation reaction, specify the path of hydrogen from one of the substrates to oxygen in the ETC; d) indicate the differences in the final products and the energy yield of the metabolic pathways providing ATP in the sprinter and stayer.arrow_forward● ● What is the role of oxygen in aerobic metabolism? How does exercise duration and intensity relate to the metabolic pathway (ATP-PC, Glycolysis, Kreb's Cycle and ETC) utilized?arrow_forward
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