EBK ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
8th Edition
ISBN: 8220102744127
Author: Bruice
Publisher: PEARSON
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Question
Chapter 7.4, Problem 9P
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The smallest
Concept Introduction:
Physical properties of hydrocarbons:
- The compounds with high molecular weight have high boiling point.
- Insoluble in water, but in polar solvent it is stable.
- Density of hydrocarbons are less than of water.
Polarity is an important factor in comparing the boiling points of two compounds. The more dipole moment, more will be the boiling point.
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In Table what is the smallest alkane, the smallest terminal alkene, and the smallest terminal alkyne that are liquids at room temperature, which is generally taken to be 20 °C to 25 °C?
Consider the three isomeric alkanes: hexane, 2, 3-dimethylbutane, and 2-methylpentane. Which of the following correctly lists these compounds in order of increasing boiling point? The more to the right, the higher the BP.
Why do alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes have a relatively low boiling point?
O They have no large intermolecular forces holding them together.
O They have no diple moments or polarity.
O They have a lot of electron density in a very small amout of space.
Chapter 7 Solutions
EBK ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Ch. 7.1 - Prob. 1PCh. 7.1 - Name the following:Ch. 7.1 - What is the molecular formula for a monocyclic...Ch. 7.1 - Draw the condensed and skeletal structures for...Ch. 7.1 - Draw the structure and give the common and...Ch. 7.2 - Prob. 6PCh. 7.2 - Name the following:Ch. 7.3 - What orbitals are used to form the carbon-carbon ...Ch. 7.4 - Prob. 9PCh. 7.4 - Why does cis-2-butene have a higher boiling point...
Ch. 7.6 - Prob. 12PCh. 7.6 - Prob. 13PCh. 7.7 - Prob. 14PCh. 7.7 - Which alkyne should be used for the synthesis of...Ch. 7.7 - Prob. 16PCh. 7.8 - Prob. 17PCh. 7.8 - Only one alkyne forms an aldehyde when it...Ch. 7.9 - Describe the alkyne you should start with and the...Ch. 7.9 - Prob. 20PCh. 7.10 - Prob. 21PCh. 7.10 - Prob. 22PCh. 7.10 - Prob. 23PCh. 7.10 - Rank the following from strongest base to weakest...Ch. 7.10 - Prob. 26PCh. 7.12 - Prob. 28PCh. 7 - What is the major product obtained from the...Ch. 7 - Draw a condensed structure for each of the...Ch. 7 - A student was given the structural formula of...Ch. 7 - Prob. 32PCh. 7 - What is each compounds systematic name?Ch. 7 - What reagents should be used to carry out the...Ch. 7 - Prob. 35PCh. 7 - Draw the mechanism for the following reaction:Ch. 7 - Prob. 37PCh. 7 - Prob. 38PCh. 7 - What is the major product of the reaction of 1 mol...Ch. 7 - Answer Problem 39, parts a-b, using 2-butyne as...Ch. 7 - What is each compounds systematic name? a....Ch. 7 - What is the molecular formula of a hydrocarbon...Ch. 7 - a. Starting with 3-methyl 1-butyne, how can you...Ch. 7 - Prob. 44PCh. 7 - Which of the following pairs are keto-enol...Ch. 7 - Prob. 46PCh. 7 - Do the equilibria of the following acid-base...Ch. 7 - What is each compounds systematic name?Ch. 7 - What stereoisomers are obtained when 2-butyne...Ch. 7 - Prob. 50PCh. 7 - Draw the keto tautomer for each of the following:Ch. 7 - Show how each of the following compounds can be...Ch. 7 - A chemist is planning to synthesize 3-octyne by...Ch. 7 - Prob. 54PCh. 7 - What stereoisomers are obtained from the following...Ch. 7 - Prob. 56PCh. 7 - Prob. 57PCh. 7 - Prob. 58PCh. 7 - Show how the following compound can be prepared...Ch. 7 - Prob. 60P
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- Part 1. Arrange the following alkane compounds according to the increasing of boiling points. Use the number 1 to 10 for the ranking. 1. heptane 2. methane 6. butane 7. 2, 2, 3, 3 – tetramethylbutane 8. 2- methylpropane 9. propane 10. 3 - methylheptane 3. octane 4. ethane 5. 2, 2, 3 – trimethylbutanearrow_forwardDraw the expanded, condensed and line/skeleton structure of the following alkenes and alkynes.arrow_forward13. One way of naming alcohols is to name the alkyl group that is attached to the -OH and add the word alcohol. Write bond-line formulas for (a.) propyl alcohol and (b.) isopropyl alcohol.arrow_forward
- 5) Provide your own list of alkanes. They can not be the same structure but should all have the same number of carbons. (see the problem solving video for an example) Rank them in order of increasing melting point. You can not have the same example as someone else.arrow_forward7. How many isomers does hexane have? Draw and name them below. Discussion 1. Consider the following data table of the boiling points of alkanes. Alkanė Boiling Point (°C) Нeptane Propane Pentane 98.5 -42 36 Butane 0.5 Methane -161 Ethane -88.5 Hexane On a separate piece of graph paper, make a line graph of this data. Be sure to label the axes and give the graph a title. Based on information contained in the table, predict the approximate boiling point of hexane, and explain why.arrow_forward1. Considering compounds that have the same number of carbon atoms, explain why alkanes and cycloalkanes have different molecular formulas but alkenes and cycloalkanes have the same molecular formulas. 2. Draw the condensed or line-angle structure for an alkene with the formula C5H10. 3. Draw the condensed or line-angle structure for 4 more C5H10 isomers (2 additional alkenes and 2 cyclic isomers).arrow_forward
- II. Write the line bond and condensed structures of the following alkynes. Alkyne 1-penten-4-yne Cycloheptyne 2-butyne 3-nonyne 1-hepten-3-yne Line Bond Structure Condensed Structurearrow_forwardWhat are aromatic hydrocarbons? Benzene exhibits resonance. Explain. What are the bond angles in benzene? Give a detailed description of the bonding in benzene. The electrons in benzene are delocalized, while the electrons in simple alkenes and alkynes are localized. Explain the difference.arrow_forwardWhat is a hydrocarbon? What is the difference between a saturated hydrocarbon and an unsaturated hydrocarbon? Distinguish between normal and branched hydrocarbons. What is an alkane? What is a cyclic alkane? What are the two general formulas for alkanes? What is the hybridization of carbon atoms in alkanes? What are the bond angles in alkanes? Why are cyclopropane and cyclobutane so reactive? The normal (unbranched) hydrocarbons are often referred to as straight-chain hydrocarbons. What does this name refer to? Does it mean that the carbon atoms in a straight-chain hydrocarbon really have a linear arrangement? Explain. In the shorthand notation for cyclic alkanes, the hydrogens are usually omitted. How do you determine the number of hydrogens bonded to each carbon in a ring structure?arrow_forward
- Distinguish between isomerism and resonance. Distinguish between structural and geometric isomerism. When writing the various structural isomers, the most difficult task is identifying which are different isomers and which are identical to a previously written structurethat is, which are compounds that differ only by the rotation of a carbon single bond. How do you distinguish between structural isomers and those that are identical? Alkenes and cycloalkanes are structural isomers of each other. Give an example of each using C4H8. Another common feature of alkenes and cycloalkanes is that both have restricted rotation about one or more bonds in the compound, so both can exhibit cis- trans isomerism. What is required for an alkene or cycloalkane to exhibit cis-trans isomerism? Explain the difference between cis and trans isomers. Alcohols and ethers are structural isomers of each other, as are aldehydes and ketones. Give an example of each to illustrate. Which functional group in Table 21-4 can be structural isomers of carboxylic acids? What is optical isomerism? What do you look for to determine whether an organic compound exhibits optical isomerism? 1-Bromo-1-chloroethane is optically active whereas 1-bromo-2-chloroethane is not optically active. Explain.arrow_forward1. Does chlorophyll a or chlorophyll b have a greater number of “conjugated” double bonds, or do they have the same number? Draw the structure of chlorophyll b and using a colored highlighter, indicate which of the double bonds are “conjugated”. 2. What is the main functional group in THF (tetrahydrofuran)? Is THF more polar or less polar than IPA (also called: isopropyl alcohol, isopropanol, or 2-propanol)? 3.If you mistakenly used hexanes-THF (2:1) for eluting the carotene pigments from your chromatography column, will they elute faster or slower than if you had correctly used hexanes-THF (10:1)? Explainarrow_forward1. Although there is only one alkene with the formula C2H4 (ethene) and only one with the formula C3H6 (propene), there are several alkenes with the formula C4H8. Draw all of the possible bond line structures for alkenes with the formula C4H3 including all possible structural and stereoisomers.arrow_forward
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