Concept explainers
(a)
To explain: The proposed hypothesis for sucrose transport in plant.
Introduction:
A transporter is a protein that spans the lipid bilayer of plasma membrane and helps molecules, ions, and other solutes to pass through it. Active transport passes the molecules against their concentration gradient. It maintains the internal concentration of solutes that differ in concentration from the environment. It requires hydrolysis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to perform work. A co-transporter works in association with an active transporter; it transfers the molecules against their gradient. These molecules diffuse through the co-transporter along with another molecule that is against their concentration gradient.
(b)
To explain: The result of adding an inhibitor of ATP regeneration in the solution.
Introduction:
A transporter is a protein that spans the lipid bilayer of plasma membrane and helps molecules, ions, and other solutes to pass through it. Active transport passes the molecules against their concentration gradient. It maintains the internal concentration of solutes that differ in concentration from the environment. It requires hydrolysis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to perform work. A co-transporter works in association with an active transporter; it transfers the molecules against their gradient. These molecules diffuse through the co-transporter along with another molecule that is against their concentration gradient.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 7 Solutions
Campbell Biology, Books a la Carte Plus Mastering Biology with eText -- Access Card Package (10th Edition)
- Suppose you are examining osmosis by studying a carrot soaking in water. First, you conclude that the cell walls of the carrot are semipermeable, allowing water molecules but not solutes to passively move into and out of the cell. Next, you measure the solute concentrations of the carrot cells and the surrounding water. You determine the carrot cells contain a higher solute concentration than the water in which the carrot is soaking. Which statement accurately describes this scenario? Group of answer choices The cells of the carrot are hyperosmotic compared to the surrounding water, so water will be drawn out of the cells through osmosis The cells of the carrot are hypoosmotic compared to the surrounding water, so water will be drawn out of the cells through osmosis The cells of the carrot are hypoosmotic compared to the surrounding water, so water will be drawn into the cells through osmosis The cells of the carrot are hyperosmotic compared to the surrounding water, so water…arrow_forward1.Base on your understanding of plant and animal cell osmosis, what condition do you think plant cells prefer? 2. What condition do you think animal cells prefer? Consider the question: How is solute concentration related to the change in the weight of plant cells (like potato cells)? 5. Write a hypothesis from the above question. Write one if statement and make three predictions(then statements) regarding how the cell will change (weight) in (1) hypertonic,(2) hypotonic, and (3) isotonic conditions:arrow_forward(2) a. Mineral salt is essential for growth of a plant. The process responsible for absorption of mineral salt is: a. Mass flow b. Diffusion Active transport C. d. Osmosis b. The reason for my answer is because : a. Absorption occurs due to concentration gradient b. Absorption occurs with the help of energy opposing to diffusion C. Movement as a bulk due to pressure changes d. Absorption through permeable membranesarrow_forward
- What is osmosis? a. the process where water diffuses across the cells' membrane from an area of lower water concentration to an area of higher water concentration b. Where a solute diffuses across the cell membrane from an area of higher to lower concentration c. the process where water diffuses across a cells' membrane to an equal concentration of water on both sides of the membrane d. The process where a solute diffuses into water through membranous sacks not using energyarrow_forwardTo study the mechanism of SERCA, you prepare membrane vesicles containing this protein oriented such that its ATP binding site is on the outer surface of the vesicle. To measure pump activity, you use an assay that detects the formation of inorganic phosphate in the medium. When you add calcium and ATP to the medium, you observe phosphate production for only a short period of time. Only after the addition of calcimycin , a molecule that makes membranes selectively permeable to calcium, do you observe sustained phosphate production. Explain.arrow_forwardBelow are three statements - two of which are truths and one is a lie. Which of the following statements is a lie? Select one: a. Plant cells never shrink with the support of cell wall. b. Low osmolarity means high water content. c. Saltwater fish secrete salt through their gills and have concentrated urine.arrow_forward
- You are talking with a winemaker about yeast. "I know that yeast can survive under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions," he says, "but what I don't understand is why they seem to need so much more sugar under anaerobic conditions. I think they gobble a hundred times as much sugar." Can you explain to him why yeast might need more sugar under anaerobic conditions than under aerobic conditions? Is his estimation of a hundred times as much sugar reasonable?arrow_forwarddevelop a testable hypothesis about the effect of different alcohols on the permeability of biological membrrane based on their weight and / or polarityarrow_forward"In a beaker containing 6% NaCl, you place a cell which contains 0.9% NaCl. NaCl doesn t cross the membrane. What will be the result?" There will be net movement of water out of the cell There will be net movement of water into the cell There will be net movement of salt out of the cell There will be net movement of salt into the cellarrow_forward
- Each diagram shows a cell with a semipermeable membrane submerged in a solution Solutions contain different amounts of solutes (glucose, sodium). The membrane is NOT permeable to glucose or sodium. The graphic (gif) shows water molecules (small and blue) with larger green glucose molecules. 1. Which side is hypertonic? (A or B) 2. Which side will gain water? 3. What is "C"? 1. What is the % of glucose outside the cell? 2. What is the % of water outside the cell? 3. What is the % of water inside the cell? 2. Will osmosis occur? 3. If so, which way will water move (into or out of the cell)? 3. Will the cell swell or shrink? 6. The cell is in what type of solution (hypertonic, hypotonic, isotonic)? 1. What is the % of glucose outside the cell? 2. What is the % of water outside the cell? 3. What is the % of water inside the cell? 2. Will osmosis occur? 3. If so, which way will water move (into or out of the cell)? 3. Will the cell swell or shrink? 6. The cell is in what type of solution…arrow_forwardWhat is the independent variable of the experiment?arrow_forwardWhich macromolecule is a primary component of cell walls, and which argument provides evidence for how the structure of this molecule relates to its purpose within the cell wall? A Lipids are the primary component, and they repel and prevent excess uptake of water because they form carbon chains. B Lipids are the primary component, and they protect the cell and help maintain its shape because they form carbon rings. C Carbohydrates are the primary component, and they repel and prevent excess uptake of water because they form carbon chains. D Carbohydrates are the primary component, and they protect the cell and help maintain its shape because they form carbon rings.arrow_forward
- Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)BiologyISBN:9780134580999Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. HoehnPublisher:PEARSONBiology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStaxAnatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781259398629Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa StouterPublisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
- Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)BiologyISBN:9780815344322Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter WalterPublisher:W. W. Norton & CompanyLaboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781260159363Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, CynthiaPublisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)BiologyISBN:9781260231700Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael WindelspechtPublisher:McGraw Hill Education