Campbell Biology, Books a la Carte Plus Mastering Biology with eText -- Access Card Package (10th Edition)
10th Edition
ISBN: 9780133922851
Author: Jane B. Reece, Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Robert B. Jackson
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 7, Problem 7TYU
EVOLUTION CONNECTION Paramecium and other unicellular eukaryotes that live in hypotonic environments have cell membranes that limit water uptake, while those living in isotonic environments have membranes that are more permeable to water. Describe what water regulation adaptations might have evolved in unicellular eukaryotes in hypertonic habitats such as the Great Salt Lake and in habitats with changing salt concentration.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
Using the appropriate osmotic terms (hypertonic, hypotonic, or isotonic) describe what would happen to each organism in the following settings:
A single-celled freshwater protist is placed into a beaker of salt water.
A salt-water snail is mistakenly put into a freshwater tank.
A head of lettuce is placed soaked in a sink of salt water.
A carrot is soaked a sink of distilled, pure water.
The Amoeba, the paramecium, and the euglena ( These are unicellular Protozoans) produce electrical impulses that travel along their cell membrane. This is possible because they are specialized to use properties exhibited by all cells. These properties include ... A) Separation of the fluid environments inside and outside the cell B) Active transport of Na+ out of and K+ into the cell. C) Portal proteins that allow diffusion of Na+ and K+ back in to the cell D) Maintaining unequal Na+ and K+ concentrations on the two sides of the membrane. E) All of these are true
Explain why
3
Diagram A below illustrates schematically a classic experiment designed to test the chemi-
osmotic hypothesis. Phospholipid vesicles were made to contain beef heart mitochondrial ATP syn-
thase and bacteriorhodopsin, a light driven proton pump isolated from Halobacterium holobium. Under
light illumination, proton translocation by bacteriorhodopsin results in ATP synthesis when ADP and
inorganic phosphate (Pi) are added to the suspension of vesicles. Diagram B shows a plot of the rate
of ATP synthesis as a function of the proton gradient ApH.
Bacteriorhodopsin in
synthetic vesicle
100F
A
outside
inside
5아
Fo
F1
0.3
0.6
0.9
1.2
A pH
(a)
how this differs from its orientation in mitochondria.
Given the orientation of the components of ATP synthase complex in diagram A, describe
(b)
cavity of the vesicle become the region of low proton concentration or the region of high proton con-
centration? Explain your reasoning.
Under light illumination to activate bacteriorhodopsin to drive ATP…
Chapter 7 Solutions
Campbell Biology, Books a la Carte Plus Mastering Biology with eText -- Access Card Package (10th Edition)
Ch. 7.1 - VISUAL SKILLS Carbohydrates are attached to...Ch. 7.1 - WHAT IF? How would the membrane lipid composition...Ch. 7.2 - What property allows O2 and CO2 to cross a lipid...Ch. 7.2 - VISUAL SKILLS Examine Figure 7.2. Why is a...Ch. 7.2 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Aquaporins exclude passage of...Ch. 7.3 - How do you think a cell performing cellular...Ch. 7.3 - WHAT IF? If a Paramecium swims from a hypotonic...Ch. 7.4 - Sodium-potassium pumps help nerve cells establish...Ch. 7.4 - VISUAL SKILLS Compare the sodium-potassium pump...Ch. 7.4 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Review the characteristics of...
Ch. 7.5 - As a cell grows, its plasma membrane expands. Does...Ch. 7.5 - DRAW IT Return to Figure 7.9, and circle a patch...Ch. 7.5 - Prob. 3CCCh. 7 - In what ways are membranes crucial to life?Ch. 7 - How do aquaporins affect the permeability of a...Ch. 7 - What happens to a cell placed in a hypertonic...Ch. 7 - ATP is not directly involved in the functioning of...Ch. 7 - Which type of endocytosis involves the binding of...Ch. 7 - In what way do the membranes of a eukaryotic Cell...Ch. 7 - According to the fluid mosaic model of membrane...Ch. 7 - Which of the following factors would tend to...Ch. 7 - Which of the following processes includes all the...Ch. 7 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 7 - DRAW IT An artificial "cell" consisting of an...Ch. 7 - EVOLUTION CONNECTION Paramecium and other...Ch. 7 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 7 - SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND SOCIETY Extensive...Ch. 7 - WRITE ABOUT A THEME: INTERACTIONS A human...Ch. 7 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE In the supermarket,...
Additional Science Textbook Solutions
Find more solutions based on key concepts
Identify me theme or themes exemplified by (a) the sharp quills of a porcupine (b) the development of a multice...
Campbell Biology in Focus
Police Captain Jeffers has suffered a myocardial infarction. a. Explain to his (nonmedically oriented) family w...
Human Physiology: An Integrated Approach (8th Edition)
6. How can you use the features found in each chapter?
Human Anatomy & Physiology (2nd Edition)
Identify each of the following reproductive barriers as prezygotic or postzygotic. a. One lilac species lives o...
Campbell Essential Biology with Physiology (6th Edition)
Jellyfish Lake, located on the Pacific island of Palau, is home to millions of jellyfish. Many years ago, sea l...
BIOLOGY:THE ESSENTIALS (LL) W/CONNECT
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- The pre-cell (before the appearance of life) formed during Chemical Evolution has an outer membrane that is a phospholipid bilayer. Given the properties of the water in the prebiotic ocean. One would expect that H2O and ions would: A) move through the fatty acid layer of the phospholipid bilayer out of the pre-cell, B) be unable to move through the bilayer, C) move through the phosphate groups in the pre cell phospholipid bilayer and move into cell, D) dissolve the bilayer, E) transport proteins into the pre cell.arrow_forwardOne advantage of being multicellular is that the organism can increase insize. Unicellular organisms cannot achieve this large size. What limitsunicellular growth? How do multicellular animals solve this problem? pelase do not copy from googlearrow_forwardSuppose you have a cell from a freshwater fish that is isotonic with its surrounding environment, with a K+ concentration inside the cell of 0.05M. You then immerse this cell in saltwater where the K+ concentration is 0.25M. What would you predict will happen to the cell? a)Water will move into the cell, and the cell will swell and burst b)Water will move out of the cell, and the cell will shrink c)Water will move in and out of the cell with no net change in concentration, and the cell will remain the same size d)The cell wall will prevent the cell from changing sizearrow_forward
- Draw one elodea cell (freshwater plant) after being in saltwater. Label its choloroplast, cell wall, plasma membrane, nucleus, and central vacuole. Which ones are present? 1b) Based on this drawing, which structure is keeping the elodea from going through osmotic lysis in its habitat?arrow_forwardParamecia live mostly in freshwater and move with the use of structures called cilia. They utilize contractile vacuoles to expel water that enters the cell by osmosis. Euglena are unicellular organisms that use flagella for movement and chloroplasts for photosynthesis. They are found in freshwater and saltwater. Scientists have determined that Paramecia and Euglena are eukaryotes and not prokaryotes because they havearrow_forwardPassive transport * Is when an ion flows down a gradient to enter or exit a cell Does not require energy Is facilitated by ATP Can use ion channels If a cell is hypotonic * it could shrivel up it is at equilibrium it could swell and burst all of the above What does hypertonic mean? *arrow_forward
- Which of the following statements concerning axonal transport is FALSE O A) The polarity of microtubules helps determine the direction of transport B) Trophic substances and growth factors are taken up by the nerve terminal and transported in the retrograde direction. C) Retrograde transport uses actin filaments and anterograde transport uses microtubules. O D) Motor proteins sometimes compete for different cargoes O E) Kinesins and dyneins transport cargoes in opposite directions along microtubulesarrow_forwardWhich of the following membrane-crossing mechanisms requires energy? Active transport Facilitated diffusion Simple diffusion Passive transport Turgorarrow_forwardIn which situation would passive transport not use a transport protein for entry into a cell? water flowing into a heypertonic environment an ion flowing into a nerve cell to create an electrical potential glucose being absorbed from the blood oxygen moving into a cell after oxygen deprivationarrow_forward
- Your team suggests changing the temperature of the oil spill site in order to enhance the bioremediation process. Do you consider this decision effective? Why and why not? Explain, in your answer, the effect of changing the zone tension on the homeostasis capacity of the bacteria you use and their ability to withstand the osmotic pressure of the new surrounding solvent. In your answer, state how osmosis works and state the degree of tension of the solution (isotonic, hypertonic or hypotonic). Explain why osmosis is really just a special case of facilitated diffusionarrow_forwardWhich of the following comparisons between active and the passive transport systems best describes them? (A) Active transport svstem does not require ATP molecules, while passive •transoort system does (B) Passive transport system does not require ATP molecules, while active transport system does (C) Both the active and the passive transport systems require ATP molecules. (D) Neither the active nor the passive transport system requires ATP molecules.arrow_forwardHow come c) is the answer? Wouldn't the fresh water be a hypertonic solution because it would allow water to osmose out of the celery stalk and would make it 'harder' as there is less water?arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Biology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781337392938Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. BergPublisher:Cengage Learning
Biology Today and Tomorrow without Physiology (Mi...BiologyISBN:9781305117396Author:Cecie Starr, Christine Evers, Lisa StarrPublisher:Cengage Learning
Biology (MindTap Course List)
Biology
ISBN:9781337392938
Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Biology Today and Tomorrow without Physiology (Mi...
Biology
ISBN:9781305117396
Author:Cecie Starr, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Endosymbiotic Theory; Author: Amoeba Sisters;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FGnS-Xk0ZqU;License: Standard Youtube License